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8e9de1ff0f bug fix 2019-03-13 20:31:03 +01:00
0ee42ac3d4 Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' 2019-03-13 20:29:06 +01:00
52547d01b5 added missing redirect 2019-03-13 20:27:35 +01:00
ffdec30ce5 added missing redirect 2019-03-13 20:26:00 +01:00
e768f3a671 17 improved 2019-03-11 17:07:54 +01:00
6c64d81204 beispiel verbesser 2019-03-11 12:53:47 +01:00
90a41c130c index.html link entfernt 2019-03-11 11:32:32 +01:00
9e847cb8eb 17 übung 2019-03-11 11:31:18 +01:00
40ceb06301 17 2019-03-06 15:52:18 +01:00
cf8c24a14d Merge branch 'master' of git.scytec.de:danthefan/linuxkurs 2019-03-06 09:38:21 +01:00
e746253bb7 conflicts 2019-03-06 09:38:15 +01:00
7fec0fecd7 16 2019-03-04 13:24:35 +01:00
25301425b5 16 2019-03-03 11:33:18 +01:00
7c4ccfa514 15 2019-02-28 12:50:27 +01:00
403f297269 15 merger 2019-02-28 10:01:18 +01:00
c8563fb01e 15 2019-02-28 09:57:43 +01:00
e340c55758 15 2019-02-27 11:36:00 +01:00
cfb12c0aa3 index 2019-02-25 12:14:20 +01:00
621effd9ca 14 2019-02-25 12:12:05 +01:00
1c4187f0d7 15 2019-02-21 11:07:30 +01:00
5fd98e2d32 Merge branch 'master' of git.scytec.de:danthefan/linuxkurs 2019-02-18 13:40:56 +01:00
d27f923d9f 14 2019-02-18 13:40:50 +01:00
49495d6f0c Merge branch 'master' of git.scytec.de:danthefan/linuxkurs 2019-02-18 11:27:52 +01:00
05c9b0d14c 14 2019-02-18 11:27:48 +01:00
023f837fff Merge branch 'master' of git.scytec.de:danthefan/linuxkurs 2019-02-18 11:21:17 +01:00
b5ed1e82ae 14 2019-02-18 11:20:54 +01:00
c41423a3c3 14 2019-02-18 11:19:40 +01:00
02215ef9d0 14 2019-02-18 09:13:03 +01:00
22317981d8 13 2019-02-14 12:05:43 +01:00
58a7b8b8a0 13 2019-02-13 21:03:45 +01:00
4bab78fe24 13 2019-02-13 21:02:40 +01:00
4d22530b10 deployment automatisierung 2019-02-13 11:40:14 +01:00
0e7a93396d CI pausiert 2019-02-12 18:16:06 +01:00
6539a0fbcf 13 und CI 2019-02-12 17:44:53 +01:00
fe3fc6cd82 12 2019-02-11 11:23:34 +01:00
968c05061f 12 2019-02-06 21:39:13 +01:00
b08a4d4a87 11 2019-02-04 10:45:07 +01:00
74a7ea8be9 11 2019-02-04 10:38:01 +01:00
cfb8471e93 11 2019-02-03 12:02:26 +01:00
52e94157ea Typo 2019-02-03 11:21:49 +01:00
74aeecd333 neue stundenplanung 2019-02-01 08:53:43 +01:00
35d3cd5b96 11 2019-02-01 08:51:57 +01:00
5b2f4c9e3a 10 2019-01-31 17:01:41 +01:00
7bb12e54b1 10 2019-01-31 11:20:11 +01:00
cb13379f95 GnuPG 2019-01-29 10:33:38 +01:00
1bb2a4b138 9 2019-01-24 13:40:40 +01:00
1105e64c9e 9 2019-01-24 13:36:37 +01:00
9e06b34699 8 typo 2019-01-21 10:45:47 +01:00
2c7d1ad3fe 8 2019-01-21 10:44:58 +01:00
8ee60e1fe6 8 2019-01-21 10:36:19 +01:00
91eb1a3de4 8 2019-01-20 21:49:50 +01:00
c17a7e3b42 8 2019-01-20 20:53:32 +01:00
57c5474434 7 2019-01-17 10:00:51 +01:00
251685154e 7 2019-01-16 21:56:50 +01:00
b0a16b3b97 7 2019-01-15 17:22:12 +01:00
cf633a9860 6 2019-01-14 12:39:04 +01:00
021fade4d2 6 2019-01-13 18:49:01 +01:00
61ad7ca3c4 index.html 2019-01-11 18:59:59 +01:00
7609af65c8 index update, aufgeräumt 2019-01-11 18:33:50 +01:00
c15ef1bab5 5 2019-01-10 12:09:22 +01:00
08a7d276c5 5 WIP 2019-01-09 11:57:59 +01:00
fdfe2c362f 5 WIP 2019-01-09 11:56:25 +01:00
cd549e102a 5 WIP 2019-01-09 11:55:18 +01:00
87205c16f0 5 WIP 2019-01-08 13:08:27 +01:00
ea67258714 script Beispiele ergänzt 2019-01-07 09:55:04 +01:00
6f9a8f4076 merge confilct 2019-01-04 11:01:01 +01:00
9e0ffb8193 4 fertig 2019-01-04 10:51:35 +01:00
b0a0fd2c23 4 fertig 2019-01-04 10:41:14 +01:00
fa163ed552 encoding ... 2019-01-02 15:17:28 +01:00
fc247396ee startseite aktualisiert 2019-01-02 15:07:54 +01:00
b47b072775 4 2019-01-02 15:05:29 +01:00
eaff59442d 4 2019-01-02 15:04:16 +01:00
392c5ce4b5 3 2019-01-02 10:49:31 +01:00
0e8da5179b 3 2018-12-17 18:33:11 +01:00
43547d9844 3 2018-12-17 12:34:44 +01:00
98df994e57 2te Stunde fertig 2018-12-13 11:54:01 +01:00
8524a0dbe3 v1 2018-12-11 10:48:20 +01:00
Daniel Schubert
fc9bea161b
Merge pull request #1 from danielschubert/add-license-1
Create LICENSE
2018-12-11 10:47:42 +01:00
229 changed files with 45802 additions and 676 deletions

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- .git
- node_modules
- bower*
- linux-kurs.sublime*
- .gitignore
- deploy.sh
- .deploy-ignore
- ssh-nutzer.txt
- *.lock
- *.yml

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node_modules/
bower_components/
*.m4v
*.wav

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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="Oder: wie ich lernte ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/league.css" id="theme">
<link rel="icon" href="img/openlogo-nd-25.png" type="img/png">
<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighting of code -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/zenburn.css">
<!-- Printing and PDF exports -->
<script>
var link = document.createElement( 'link' );
link.rel = 'stylesheet';
link.type = 'text/css';
link.href = window.location.search.match( /print-pdf/gi ) ? 'css/print/pdf.css' : 'css/print/paper.css';
document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 1
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Fahrplan
<ul>
<li>historischer abriss</li>
<li>installation</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Über Mich</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type: none">
<li>Daniel Schubert, verheiratet, 1 Kind (7)</li>
<li>Webentwickler</li>
<li>Linux Serverbetreiber</li>
<li>Open Source Verfechter</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<figure><img src="img/linux makes a man.jpg" style="height: 60vh"></figure>
<aside class="notes">
Vorstellungsrunde
Frage: Was wissen Sie über Linux?
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Was ist LINUX ??</h2>
<span class="fragment">
<ul>
<li><span class="fragment highlight-blue">Linux</span> ist ein modernes Multi-User und Multi-Task <span class="fragment highlight-red">Betriebssystem</span>
<li>Linux läuft auf fast <span class="fragment highlight-blue">jeder Hardware</span>
<li>Linux ist als Open-Source <span class="fragment highlight-blue">frei verfügbar</span>.
<li>Der Quellcode des Systems kann <span class="fragment highlight-blue">frei heruntergeladen</span> und nach <span class="fragment highlight-blue">Belieben abgeändert</span> werden.
</ul>
</span>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Wo wird Linux verwendet?</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Personal Computer
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Alte Hardware / Tablets / Router
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Grossrechner
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Datenbankserver, Virtualisierung
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Webserver, Mailserver, Fileserver
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Das Internet
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Android ist im Prinzip eine Linux Distribution !!
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Der Weg zu Linux</h2>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Das GNU-Projekt startete 1984
<li>Ziel --> ein freies, UNIX-ähnliches System .
<li>Richard M. Stallman, <i>Free Software Foundation</i> FSF
<li><strong>Linux</strong> wurde 1991 von Linus Torvalds begonnen:
<ul><li>als Klon des Unix-Kernel.</li></ul>
<li>Linux passte gut zum GNU-Project --> GNU/Linux war geboren
<li>Mit „Linux“ ist im Sprachgebrauch meist das komplett-Paket gemeint.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Was ist ein Kernel?</h3>
Er erledigt elementare Aufgaben wie Speicher- und Prozessverwaltung und die Steuerung der Hardware. Anwenderprogramme müssen sich an den Kernel wenden, wenn sie zum Beispiel auf Dateien auf der Platte zugreifen wollen.
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Warum ist Linux kostenlos??</h3>
<ul>
<li>GNU/Linux ist unter der <strong>G</strong>eneral <strong>P</strong>ublic <strong>L</strong>icense „GPL” veröffentlicht:</li>
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Jeder darf Linux modifizeren / kopieren / veröffentlichen
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">solange dies unter den Bedingungen der GPL geschieht</li>
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">daraus abgeleiteter Code muss inkl. Source Code unter der GPL veröffentlicht werden</li>
<li class="fragment">Linux ist frei, im Sinne von <span class="fragment highlight-red">„Freiheit“</span>, nicht „Freibier“</li>
</ul>
<p><small>https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License</small>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>GNU steht für „GNU is not Unix”
<li>GPL -> Richard Stallman </li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Wir installieren Linux</h3>
<p>Ladies and Gentlemen: Start your Engines</p>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h3>Installations Schritte</h3>
<ol>
<li>USB Stick einstecken</li>
<li>Laptop starten</li>
<li>BIOS öffnen</li>
<li>Boot Device im BIOS wählen</li>
<li>Neu starten</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-boot.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-lang.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-country.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-keyboard.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-rootpw.png">
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>administrativer benutzer heisst "root" IMMER
<li>passwort aufschreiben!!
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-username.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-partman.png">
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>swap 2GB
<li>rest alles
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-partman-disk.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-autopartman-mode.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-partman-validation.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-basesystem.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-mirror.png">
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-tasksel.png">
<aside class="notes">
Gnome mitnehmen
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/inst-gdm.png">
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Gnome3</h2>
<img src="img/desktop-screenshot.png">
</section>
<section>
<p>Tastaturkürzel</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Kürzel</th>
<th>Zweck</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Win-Taste</td>
<td>Exposé</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALT + F2</td>
<td>Befehl ausführen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ALT + Tab</td>
<td>Programm-Wechsler</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STRG + ALT + Pfeil</td>
<td>Arbeitsfläche wechseln</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>STRG + ALT + SHIFT + Pfeil</td>
<td>Fenster in Arbeitsfläche verschieben</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
<h3>Was ist eine Distribution??</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Zusammenstellung von GNU/Linux mit:</li>
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">WindowManger: Gnome / KDE / Xfce / Budgie etc.. </li>
<li class="fragment fade-in-then-semi-out">Software: LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, Gimp....</li>
<li class="fragment">es gibt viele, sehr viele Distributionen: Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE, Red Hat, Mint, Fedora, Gentoo, Arch ......
</ul>
<div class="fragment" style="display: flex;align-items: center">
<img width="" height="238" data-src="img/linuxlogocollage.png" alt="Linux Distribution Logos" />
<small>mehr Distris:: https://distrowatch.com</small>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Debian</h2>
<figure>
<figcaption>Organigramm des Debian Projekts </figcaption>
<img style="width:70%;" data-src="img/organigram/de/organisation.svg">
<small>( Quelle : Linux-Grundlagen für Anwender und Administratoren, www.tuxacademy.org )</small>
</figure>
</section>
<!-- Example of nested vertical slides -->
<section>
<section>
<h2>Debian</h2>
<ul>
<li>zusammengestellt aus Software unter der GNU General Public License
<li>sehr populär als OS für Server
<li>sehr solide Distribution -> wird als Basis für viele and. Distributionen verwendet: zb Ubuntu
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Debian Features</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li>52000+ Pakete freier Software</li>
<li>diverse Installations Images zum Download</li>
<li>Debian lässt sich übers Netzwerk installieren</li>
<li>Debian LIVE
<ul>
<li>Ein Live-System kann vom USB-Stick gebootet werden</li>
<li>->ausprobieren ohne Installation</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Debian Features</h2>
<h3>Umgebung</h3>
<p>
<ul>
<li>GNOME ( default ), KDE Plasma, Xfce and LXDE</li>
</li>
<li><strong>C</strong>ommand <strong>L</strong>ine <strong>I</strong>nterface ( die <i>Shell</i> )</li>
</ul>
<p>
<ul>
<li>Browser: Firefox, Chrome</li>
<li>Email: Thunderbird</li>
<li>Office: Open- / Libre-Office</li>
<li>Skype</li>
<li>etc pp</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Gnome3</h2>
<img src="img/desktop-screenshot.png">
</section>
<section>
<p>Aufgaben:
<ol>
<li>Netzwerkeinstellungen vornehmen</li>
<li>Bildschirmauflösung einstellen</li>
<li>Theme einstellen</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Die Paketverwaltung</h2>
<p>Programme installieren
<ul>
<li>Linux Programme werden aus sog. Repositories bezogen</li>
<li>Synaptic <ul><li>greift auf diese Repos zu</li>
<li>kümmert sich um die Installation der Software-Pakete und ihrer Abhängigkeiten</li></ul>
<li>Datei Endung für Debian Pakete ist *.deb</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Software installieren</h2>
<p>Aufgaben:
<ol>
<li>Starten Sie synaptic
<li>Update / Upgrade des Systems</li>
<li>Installieren Sie
<ul>
<li>Gimp</li>
<li>VLC</li>
<li>ssh server</li>
<li>VIM</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Deinstallieren Sie Gimp</li>
</ol>
</section>
</div>
</div>
<script src="lib/js/head.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/reveal.js"></script>
<script>
// More info https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#configuration
Reveal.initialize({
controls: true,
progress: true,
history: true,
center: true,
transition: 'slide', // none/fade/slide/convex/concave/zoom
// More info https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#dependencies
dependencies: [
{ src: 'lib/js/classList.js', condition: function() { return !document.body.classList; } },
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/marked.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/markdown.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
{ src: 'plugin/highlight/highlight.js', async: true, callback: function() { hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad(); } },
{ src: 'plugin/search/search.js', async: true },
{ src: 'plugin/zoom-js/zoom.js', async: true },
{ src: 'plugin/notes/notes.js', async: true }
]
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/league.css" id="theme">
<link rel="icon" href="img/openlogo-nd-25.png" type="img/png">
<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighting of code -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/zenburn.css">
<!-- Printing and PDF exports -->
<script>
var link = document.createElement( 'link' );
link.rel = 'stylesheet';
link.type = 'text/css';
link.href = window.location.search.match( /print-pdf/gi ) ? 'css/print/pdf.css' : 'css/print/paper.css';
document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );
</script>
<style type="text/css">
.reveal img{ max-height: 60vh}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 10
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2 style="text-shadow: 5px 4px 15px black;">Systemverwaltung</h2>
<h2>Part 8 - Netzwerke</h2>
</section>
<section>
Begriffe:
<p>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>IP = Internet Protocol</td>
<td>Basis für TCP und UDP</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TCP = Transmission Control Protocol</td>
<td>Ende-zu-Ende Verbindung zw. 2 Geräten</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>UDP = User Datagram Protocol</td>
<td>minimales, verbindungsloses Netzwerkprotokoll</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ICMP = Internet Control Message Protocol</td>
<td>Austausch v. IP Status / Fehlern</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PPP = Point-to-Point Protocol</td>
<td>Verbindung über Wählleitungen, zB ADSL / UMTS / ISDN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gateway</td>
<td>Router über den man ins Internet kommt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nameserver</td>
<td>der für die Adressauflösung zuständige Rechner</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>loopback</td>
<td>lokale Netzwerkschnittstelle zum internen Gebrauch</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<h3>IP Adressen</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h3>IPv4</h3>
eine IPv4 Adresse: <br><pre><code>65.142.5.123</code></pre>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">32 bits Länge, 4 x 8 Bit ( 0 - 255 )</li>
<li class="fragment ">max. 4.294.967.296 Adressen</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
192.168.0.23/24
<p>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<thead></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Address</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">192.168.0.23</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">11000000.10101000.00000000<span>.00010111</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Netmask</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">255.255.255.0 = 24</td><td>11111111.11111111.11111111<span>.00000000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Wildcard</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">0.0.0.255</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">00000000.00000000.00000000<span>.11111111</span></td></tr><tr>&nbsp;</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<hr>
<p>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tbody>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Network</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">192.168.0.0/24</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b"><b>110</b>00000.10101000.00000000<span>.00000000</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Broadcast</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">192.168.0.255</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">11000000.10101000.00000000<span>.11111111</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">First IP</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">192.168.0.1</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">11000000.10101000.00000000<span>.00000001</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Last IP</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">192.168.0.254</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">11000000.10101000.00000000<span>.11111110</span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="bl558_sc w65bb">Hosts/Net</td><td class="bl558_sc w130b">254</td><td class="bl558_sc w160b">nnnnnnnn.nnnnnnnn.nnnnnnnn<span>.hhhhhhhh</span></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
</section>
<section>
Private IP Bereiche
<p>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Adressbereich
</th>
<th>Beschreibung
</th>
<th>größter <a href="/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing" title="Classless Inter-Domain Routing">CIDR</a>-Block
</th>
<th>Anzahl IP-Adressen
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe9"><b>10.0.0.010.255.255.255</b>
</td>
<td>privat, 1 <b>8-Bit</b>-Netz
</td>
<td>10.0.0.0/8
</td>
<td>2<sup>24</sup> = 16.777.216
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe9"><b>172.16.0.0172.31.255.255</b>
</td>
<td>privat, 16 <b>16-Bit</b>-Netze
</td>
<td>172.16.0.0/12
</td>
<td>2<sup>20</sup> = 1.048.576
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe9"><b>192.168.0.0192.168.255.255</b>
</td>
<td>privat, 256 <b>24-Bit</b>-Netze
</td>
<td>192.168.0.0/16
</td>
<td>2<sup>16</sup> = 65.536
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>169.254.0.0169.254.255.255
</td>
<td>link local, 1 <b>16-Bit</b>-Netz
</td>
<td>169.254.0.0/16
</td>
<td>2<sup>16</sup> = 65.536
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><small><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing</a></small></p>
</section>
<section>
verfügbare ipv4 Adress-Blöcke
<img style="background:white" src="img/1280px-Ipv4-exhaust.svg.png">
</section>
<section>
<h3>IPv6</h3>
<div class="fragment">eine IPv6 Adresse
<pre><code>2002:58bf:13bb:0002:0000:0000:0020:1234 </code></pre>
</div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">seit 1998 !</li>
<li class="fragment ">moderne Betriebssysteme können es alle</li>
<li class="fragment ">128 bits Länge ( 8 x 4 x 4 Bit )</li>
<li class="fragment ">Notierung Hexadezimal</li>
<li class="fragment ">max. 3,4x10^38 (ca 340 Sextillionen) Adressen</li>
<li class="fragment ">URL Notation: <code>http://[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3::0370:7344]/</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">NAT und DHCP sind nicht mehr nötig. In IPv6 ist eine Autokonfiguration eingebaut.</li>
<li class="fragment ">Der Adressraum genügt auch für alle Toaster</li>
<li class="fragment ">ipv6 Adressen können für ein Device immer gleich bleiben</li>
<li class="fragment ">„Privacy Extension“ - Interface identifier wird alle paar Tage gewechselt</li>
<li class="fragment ">mehrere ipv6 Adressen</li>
<li class="fragment ">Geräte mit ipv6 sind aus dem Internet erreichbar</li>
<li class="fragment ">Router hat noch Nutzen als Firewall</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
Führende Nullen innerhalb eines Blockes dürfen ausgelassen werden: <code>2001:0db8:0000:08d3:0000:8a2e:0070:7344</code><br> ist gleichbedeutend mit <br><code>2001:db8:0:8d3:0:8a2e:70:7344</code>
<p>Mehrere aufeinander folgende Blöcke, deren Wert 0 (bzw. 0000) beträgt, dürfen ausgelassen werden. Dies wird durch zwei aufeinander folgende Doppelpunkte angezeigt:<br><code> 2001:0db8:0:0:0:0:1428:57ab </code><br> ist gleichbedeutend mit <code> <br>2001:db8::1428:57ab</code>.
</section>
<section>
Hat z. B. ein Netzwerkgerät die IPv6-Adresse
<pre><code>2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7347/64</code></pre>
so lautet das Präfix ( vom Provider zuget. )
<pre><code>2001:0db8:85a3:08d3::/64</code></pre>
und der Interface-Identifier
<pre><code>1319:8a2e:0370:7347</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>speziellle adressen</h4>
localhost<pre><code>::1/128</code></pre>
link local <pre><code>fe80::/64</code></pre> ( entspr. 169.254.0.0/16 in ipv4)
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Netzwerk wird mit Netzwerkmanager konfiguriert</li>
<li class="fragment ">geht auch im terminal : <pre><code>nmcli -h</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em" >
/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/Wired connection 1
<pre><code>[connection]
id=Wired connection 1
uuid=180051c9-6df6-4a96-8d8f-8a0c2eb9050e
type=ethernet
permissions=
timestamp=1531903725
[ethernet]
mac-address-blacklist=
[ipv4]
dns=192.168.1.4;9.9.9.9;
dns-search=
ignore-auto-dns=true
method=auto
[ipv6]
addr-gen-mode=eui64
dns=2a02:8071:4280:ba00:f640:6751:3af0:bb97;2620:fe::10;
dns-search=
ignore-auto-dns=true
ip6-privacy=1
method=auto
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h3>DNS</h3>
<h4>Domain Name System</h4>
Das Telefonbuch des Internet
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>geht zurück auf die „hosts“ Datei d. ARPANET</li>
<li class="fragment ">händisch gepflegte Liste aller Hosts -> seriously??</li>
<li class="fragment ">Einführung des DNS ab 1983</li>
<li class="fragment ">übersetzt domain Namen ( www.omikron.net ) in IP Adressen</li>
<li class="fragment ">https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System</li>
<li class="fragment ">Jeder kann einen DNS Server betreiben ( zb Pi-Hole )</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> ändert euren voreingestellten DNS Server per network Manager, z.B. <br>
<p>google: 8.8.8.8 <br> Quad9: 9.9.9.9 <br> bzw ipv6 Äquivalent
</section>
<section><h2>Manuelle Konfiguration</h2></section>
<section>
/etc/hosts
<pre><code class="bash">127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.1 dev.local
127.0.1.1 workhorse.fcknzs workhorse
192.168.1.5 pi
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
2a01:4f8:191:6204::2 lk.schubertdaniel.de
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
/etc/resolv.conf
<pre><code class="bash">#Generated by NetworkManager
nameserver 192.168.1.4 #pihole
nameserver 9.9.9.9
nameserver 2a02:8071:4280:ba00:f640:6751:3af0:bb97 #pi hole
# NOTE: the libc resolver may not support more than 3 nameservers.
# The nameservers listed below may not be recognized.
nameserver 2620:fe::10
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
/etc/network/interfaces
<pre><code class="bash" style="font-size: .7em"># The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# dhcp
auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
iface eth0 inet6 dhcp # stateful
iface eth0 inet6 auto # stateless
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
/etc/network/interfaces
<pre><code class="bash" style="font-size: .7em"># statische konfiguration
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.0.2.7
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.0.2.254
iface eth0 inet6 static
address 2001:db8::c0ca:1eaf
netmask 64
gateway 2001:db8::1ead:ed:beef
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
/etc/hostname
<pre><code>laptop</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Befehle zur Konfiguration der Netzwerkschnitstelle
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code class="bash"># netzwerk geräte anzeigen
~$ ip link show
# ip adressen anzeigen
~$ ip addr
# netzwerk device de-/aktivieren
~$ ip link set enp0s7 down
~$ ip link set enp0s7 up
# ip setzen
~$ ip addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev enp0s7
# route zeigen
~$ ip route
#route ( gateway ) hinzufügen
~$ ip route add default via 192.168.1.1
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Befehle zur Konfiguration der WLAN-Netzwerkschnitstelle
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code class="bash">~$ iw dev wlan0 info
~$ iw dev wlan0 link
~$ iw dev wlan0 scan #...
~$ iw dev wlan0 connect gastnetz-01
~$ dhclient wlan0 # holt dhcp ein
~$ iw dev wlan0 disconnect
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<small>für WPA gesicherte Netzwerke muss wpa_supplicant bemüht werden <br>
https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/WLAN/wpa_supplicant/
</small>
<p>
/etc/network/interfaces
<pre><code class="bash" style="font-size: .7em"># statische konfiguration
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa.conf</code></pre>
/etc/wpa.conf
<pre><code class="bash" style="font-size: .55em">network={
ssid="Netzwerkname"
scan_ssid=1
proto=RSN
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
pairwise=CCMP
group=CCMP
psk="meinschluessel"
}</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
per Systemd
<p>/etc/systemd/network/20-wired.network</p>
<pre><code>
[Match]
Name=enp1s0
[Network]
Address=10.1.10.9/24
Gateway=10.1.10.1
DNS=10.1.10.1
#DNS=8.8.8.8</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
prüfen ob Device im Netz ist:
<pre><code>~$ ping -c 3 192.168.1.2</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Benennung der Netzwerkschnittstelle
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">wlan0 wlan1 wlan2 ...</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">eth0 eth1 eth2 .. </code></pre>
aktuelle Distributionen verw.
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">eno1 eno2 eno3 ...</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">ens1 ens2 ens3 ...</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">enp1s2 enp2s4 enp1s7 ...</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="plain">wlp1s2 wlp2s8...</code></pre>
</section>
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 11
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex">
<h3>ssh</h3>
SSH ermöglicht eine <span class="fragment highlight-green">sichere, authentifizierte und verschlüsselte</span> Verbindung zwischen zwei Rechnern über ein unsicheres Netzwerk.
</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em">
<div>
<p ><strong style="text-decoration: underline ">Secure System Administration (Sichere Systemverwaltung)</strong style="text-decoration: underline ">
zur Absicherung der Fernverwaltung von Servern.
Secure Application Tunneling (Sicheres Tunneln)
zum transparenten Schutz TCP/IP-basierender Anwendungen als „End-to-End-Security“.</div>
<div class="fragment">
<p ><strong style="text-decoration: underline ">Secure Remote Command Execution (Sichere Ausführung von Kommandos)</strong style="text-decoration: underline ">
zur Ausführung einzelner Kommandos auf einem anderen Rechner. Dabei werden stdin, stdout und stderr transparent weitergeleitet. Sonderfall davon:
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<p><strong style="text-decoration: underline ">Secure Subsystem Execution (Sichere Ausführung von Subsystemen)</strong style="text-decoration: underline ">
zur Ausführung von auf dem Server vordefinierter Kommandos, wobei stderr jedoch nicht weitergeleitet wird.
Beispiel: Secure File Transfer (Sicherer Dateitransfer)
zur Herstellung sicherer, automatisierter und interaktiver Dateitransfers.
</div>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/how-does-ssh-protocol-work-920x272-SWKuhzNV.png">
</section>
<section>
<h4>Funktionsweise</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Server identifiziert sich mit Zertifikat</li>
<li class="fragment ">Client authentisiert sich mit Passwort od. Zertifikat</li>
<li class="fragment ">geheimer Schlüssel wird erzeugt für die Sitzung</li>
<li class="fragment ">Datenverkehr wird mit diesem Schlüssel verschlüsselt übertragen</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Programme</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">ssh -> ...</li>
<li class="fragment ">scp -> Dateien über ssh kopieren</li>
<li class="fragment ">ssh-keygen -> Schlüssel erstellen</li>
<li class="fragment ">ssh-copy-id -> Schlüssel austauschen</li>
<li class="fragment ">sshd -> der ssh-Server</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Verwendung</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">systemweite client Konfiguration: <code>/etc/ssh/ssh_config</code> </li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">~$ ssh [ -p port ] [user@]host</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Wird kein User angegeben, nimmt ssh aktuellen User.</li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">~$ ssh -p 1234 root@omikron.net</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">~$ ssh ::1</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Verwendung mit ssh-Keys</h4>
<ol style="font-size: .8em">
<li class="fragment ">Schlüsselpaar generieren:<br> <pre><code>ssh-keygen -b 4096</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">öffentlichen Schlüssel zum Server kopieren:<br> <pre><code>scp neuer-super-key.pub user@server.de:~</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Beim Server anmelden: <code>ssh user@server.de</code></li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">$ mkdir ~/.ssh
$ cat ~/neuer-super-key.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ rm ~/neuer-super-key.pub
$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code></pre><p class="fragment">Oder mit <code>ssh-copy-id</code></li>
<li class="fragment">nun ist Anmeldung mit Key möglich.
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Begriffe</h4>
<table style="font-size: .6em">
<tr>
<td>SSH Key</td>
<td>ersetzt Passwort</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>authorized keys</td>
<td>öffentliche Schlüssel die Zugriff erlauben ( Analogie: Schloß, das vom zugehörigen privaten Schl. geöffnet werden kann.)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>identity key</td>
<td>Privater Schlüssel, den SSH verwendet um den client zu authentisieren</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>host key</td>
<td>öffentlicher SSH-Schlüssel des Servers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Session Key</td>
<td>wird von den Kommunikations Partner ausgehandelt; verschlüsselt Daten während Übertragung</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<h4>ssh_config</h4>
<pre><code class="bash">Host gitlab.com
HostName gitlab.com
PreferredAuthentications=publickey
#PreferredAuthentications=password
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/gitlab-com
IdentitiesOnly yes
User git
Host *
user root
ServerAliveInterval 120
ServerAliveCountMax 15
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Nutzungsbeispiele</h4>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="bash">~$ ssh root@server 'cd /etc; \
tar czvf - network/' | cat > etc_network_backup.tar.gz </code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code>~$ scp -r root@server:/etc/apache2 . </code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code>~$ scp omikron-net.conf \
root@server:/etc/apache2/sites-available/ . </code></pre>
<pre class="fragment "><code class="bash">~$ rsync -e ssh lk.schubertdaniel.de:/home/dany/backups/* \
/local/backup/dir/ >> backup.log 2>&1
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>rsync vs. scp</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">scp -> funktioniert wie cp; geeignet um schnell mal einzelne Dateien zu kopieren</li>
<li class="fragment ">rsync -> für „richtige“ Backups; vergleicht lokales u. remote Verz., kopiert nur Unterschiede</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .8em">
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<div>
<ul>
<li>erstellt einen ssh-key ohne Passwort; verwendet diesen key für Folgendes.</li>
<li>Erstellt ein script, welches Serverseitig alle Ordner in /usr/share/nginx/html ausser denen die„mich-*” heissen, in ein tar.gz Archiv verpacken. ( zb per Array im script, oder mit einer text-datei als input</li>
<li>Erstellt ein script, welches diese Backups mit <strong>rsync</strong> herunterlädt.</li>
<li>Das Backup soll die Datei Attribute unverändert belassen<br> ( Datum, Rechte etc ).</li>
<li>Erstellt einen Cron-Job, der das wöchentlich macht.</li>
</ul>
<p>Hinweise:
<ul>
<li>cron muss vollständige Pfade angegeben bekommen.<br>
<li><code>rsync</code> mit spezifischem key:
<pre><code class="bash">/usr/bin/rsync -e 'ssh -i /home/$USERNAME/.ssh/key-ohne-pw' </code></pre>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Lösungs Vorschlag</h4>
<p><a href="https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/blob/master/beispiele/11/file-backup.sh">remote backup script</a>
<p><a href="https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/blob/master/beispiele/11/rsync-backup.sh">local rsync script</a>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Beschränkung von ssh auf best. Komandos</h4>
<pre><code class="bash"># Datei ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# führt bei Anmeldung ls aus; lässt keine anderen Kommandos zu
command="/bin/ls -la ~" ssh-rsa AAAAB3.......
# oder
command="/bin/echo You invoked: $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND" ssh-rsa AAAAB..</code></pre>
<div class="fragment">
<p>Um rsync zu verwenden ist ein wrapper script nötig:
<pre><code class="bash"># Datei ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
command="/absoluter/pfad/rsync-check.sh" ssh-rsa AAAAB3.......</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">#!/bin/bash
#
# rsync-check.sh
set -- $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND
cmd="$1"; shift
case "$cmd" in
scp|rsync) exec "$cmd" "$@" ;;
*) echo "ERROR: request not permitted" ;;
esac</code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<section><h4>Windows Programme für ssh</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">winscp</li>
<li class="fragment ">putty</li>
<li class="fragment ">swish</li>
</ul></section>
<section>
<h4>Linux Helferlein</h4>
<ul>
<li>screen</li>
<li>byobu</li>
<li>tmux</li>
<li>terimator</li>
<li>tmate</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
screen isntallieren
</aside>
</section>
<section><h4>screen</h4>
<a href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/">https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/</a>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 12
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section><h3>screen</h3>
Ein Terminal Multiplexer
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">erzeugt mehrere virtuelle Konsolen</li>
<li class="fragment ">nützlich bei ssh Sitzungen</li>
<li class="fragment ">abgebrochene Sitzungen können fortgesetzt werden</li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install screen && screen</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<table style="font-size: .6em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">
Gängige screen-Kommandos
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A a</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
Strg-A senden (Cursor am Zeilenanfang positionieren)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A c</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
neues Fenster öffnen
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A n</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
zum nächsten Fenster wechseln
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A p</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
zum vorigen Fenster wechseln
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A w</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
Titel aller Fenster anzeigen
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A “</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
Fenster-Menü einblenden
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A ?</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
Hilfe einblenden
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A x</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
Terminal sperren
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A k</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
aktuelles Fenster schließen („kill“)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A 0</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
zum Fenster 0 ...
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A 9</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
... bis 9 wechseln
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A d</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
screen in den Hintergrund schicken („detach“)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="heise-table-header" style="text-align:left;">
<strong>Strg-A [</strong>
</td>
<td style="text-align:left;">
in den Kopier/Scroll-Modus wechseln
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<aside class="notes"> ^a d </aside>
</section>
<section>
<p>Eine Sitzung wieder aufnehmen:
<div ><pre><code class=bash>~$ screen -ls
There are screens on:
10104.pts-0.laptopdan (05.02.2019 11:11:36) (Detached)
9108.pts-0.laptopdan (05.02.2019 11:06:29) (Detached)
2 Sockets in /run/screen/S-dany.
~$ screen -r 10104.pts-0.laptopdan</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<ul>
<li>meldet euch per ssh auf lk.schubertdaniel.de an</li>
<li>startet screen</li>
<li>öffnet mit einem Editor ~/html/index.html</li>
<li>detached die screen Sitzung mit „CTL-a d“</li>
<li>meldet euch vom server ab</li>
<li>meldet euch wieder beim server an</li>
<li>re-attached euch mit der screen Sitzung mit <br><code>screen -r</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<a href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/">https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Screen/</a>
</section>
<section>
<p>Alternativen zu screen:
<ul>
<li>tmux</li>
<li>byobu -> screen in hübsch</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p>Sonstige Helferlein
<ul>
<li>terminator -> kann befehle an mehrere Server zugleich senden</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<p>Verbindung mit Nautilus
<img src="img/nautilus-sftp.png">
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex">
<h3>sshd - der SSH-Server-Daemon</h3>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ ssh localhost</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>ssh Server absichern</h4>
<code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>
<pre><code class=bash>
# https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_standardisierten_Ports
# cat /etc/services
Port 64322
# root login verbieten
PermitRootLogin no
# oder nur mit ssh key erlauben
PermitRootLogin without-password
# anmeldung nur mit ssh-key erlauben
PasswordAuthentication no
</code></pre>
</section>
<section><h4>fail2ban</h4>
<a href="https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/SSH_Login_unter_Debian_mit_fail2ban_absichern">https://www.thomas-krenn.com/de/wiki/SSH_Login_unter_Debian_mit_fail2ban_absichern</a></section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Fingerübung:</span>
<ul>
<li>baut ein Script welches die fail2ban Filterregel auslöst</li>
<li>durch viele Anmeldeversuche in kurzer Zeit</li>
<li class="fragment"><pre><code class="bash">for i in {1..5}; do ssh ...... ; done </code></pre></li>
<li>seht euch die entsprechenden Log-Files an </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section><h4>Firewall</h4>
<ul>
<li >iptables</li>
<li >nftables</li>
<li>shorewall</li>
<li>GUI : gufw </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex">
<h3>Programme zur Netzwerk Analyse</h3>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">#zeige tcp verbindungen
~$ ss -tp
# zeige offene ports
~$ ss -tl
~$ ss -tulpe
~$ ss -s
~$ watch -n 1 "ss -t state syn-sent"
# netstat liefert im Prinzip dasselbe, gilt als veraltet
~$ netstat -tulpe
~$ netstat -s
</code></pre> </li>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ traceroute omikron.net</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ traceroute6 omikron.net</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ ping -a -c3 omikron.net</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ ping6 -c3 omikron.net</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>nslookup, dig, whois
<pre><code class="bash"># eine ip Adresse bei Quad9 nachfragen:
# dig tut dasselbe..
~$ nslookup -query=AAAA schubertdaniel.de 2620:fe::fe
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash"># gab vor Einführung der DSGVO Name und
# Adresse des domain Inhabers aus...
~$ whois schubertdaniel.de</code></pre>
<div class="fragment">
<p>in USA geht das noch über die ICANN :
<a href="https://whois.icann.org/en/lookup?name=google.com">https://whois.icann.org/en/lookup?name=google.com</a>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<p>nmap -> Portscanning
<pre><code class="bash">~$ nmap -A -T4 schubertdaniel.de</code></pre>
<a href="https://nmap.org/man/de/">https://nmap.org/man/de/</a>
</section>
<section>
<h4>GUI Programme</h4>
<p>wireshark -> Netzwerkpakete mitschneiden und analysieren
<p>zenmap -> nmap GUI
<p>etherape -> Netzwerkumgebung untersuchen
<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install etherape</code></pre>
<aside class="notes">etherape installieren lassen</aside>
</section>
<section>Eine Liste von Netzwerk Monitoring Programmen:
<a href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Netzwerk-Monitoring/">https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Netzwerk-Monitoring/</a></section>
<section>
<p>cURL / wget</p>
<pre><code class="bash">
# Datei runterladen
~$ wget http://gute-datei.wow
~$ curl http://{one,two}.example.com -o "file_#1.txt"
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ # pipe curl to bash
~$ curl https://www.schubertdaniel.de/linuxkurs/supi | bash </code></pre>
<div class="fragment">BAD IDEA !!</div>
</section>
<section>
<p>Komplette Webseite herunterladen
<pre><code class="bash">~$ wget \
--recursive \
--no-clobber \
--page-requisites \
--html-extension \
--convert-links \
--domains website.org \
--no-parent \
omikron.net</code></pre>
<div class="fragment">Gegenüberstellung <a href="https://daniel.haxx.se/docs/curl-vs-wget.html">cUrl vs. wget </a> </div>
</section>
<section>
<p>lynx
<div>
<img src="img/screenshot-lynx.png">
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 13
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex">
<h3>Samba</h3>
<h4>Filesharing / Netzwerk-Freigaben</h4>
</section>
<section>
Samba ist ein Datei-, Druck- und auch Domänen-Anmelde-Server unter Linux für die Anbindung von Windows- und OSX-Clients. Samba steht unter der GPL, ist also frei verfügbar.<br> Es gibt keine strikte Trennung zw. Client u. Server. Jeder beteiligte Host kann beides sein.
</section>
<section>
<h4>Nutzung zum Hausgebrauch</h4>
<pre><code class="bash"># Nutzung von samba mit Nautilus möglich per
~$ sudo apt install samba nautilus-share
~$ sudo usermod -aG sambashare BENUTZERNAME
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li >Dann ab- und wieder an-melden</li>
<li >prüfen ob Nutzer in Gruppe „sambashare”</li>
<li >nun Freigaben in Nautilus per Rechtsklick möglich</li>
<li >Freigaben sind auch für Windoes und OSX sichtbar</li>
<li class="fragment highlight-red">und für ALLE ANDEREN !!</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h5>Natürlich auch im Terminal ;-)</h5>
<ul><li><p>Freigaben erstellen oder verändern: </p><div class="bash"><div class="contents"><pre class="bash">~$ net usershare add SHARENAME PFAD [comment [acl] [guest_ok=[y|n]]] </pre></div></div></li><li><p>Freigaben aufheben: </p><div class="bash"><div class="contents"><pre class="bash">~$ net usershare delete SHARENAME </pre></div></div></li><li><p>Vorhandene Freigaben auflisten: </p><div class="bash"><div class="contents"><pre class="bash">~$ net usershare list [-l|--long] [SHARENAME] </pre></div></div></li><li><p>Informationen über eine oder mehrere Freigaben ausgeben: </p><div class="bash"><div class="contents"><pre class="bash">~$ net usershare info [-l|--long] [SHARENAME] </pre></div></div></li></ul>
</section>
<section>
<h5>Beispiel</h5>
<pre style="font-size: .5em"><code class="bash">~$ net usershare add Urlaubsbilder /home/otto/Bilder/Urlaub \
Urlaubsbilder-2012 Everyone:R,otto:F guest_ok=y </code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ net usershare info *bilder </code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ cat /var/lib/samba/usershares/Urlaubsbilder</code></pre>
<a style="font-size: .5em" href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Samba_Server/net_usershare/">https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Samba_Server/net_usershare/</a>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<ul>
<li>Erstellt eine Samba-Netzwerkfreigabe in Nautilus</li>
<li>sucht die Freigaben der anderen Teilnehmer</li>
</ul>
<p>Hinweise:
<pre><code class="bash"># Nutzung von samba mit Nautilus möglich per
~$ sudo apt install samba nautilus-share
~$ sudo usermod -aG sambashare BENUTZERNAME
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li >Dann ab- und wieder an-melden</li>
<li >prüfen ob Nutzer in Gruppe „sambashare”</li>
<li>Happy Filesharing!</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Nutzung im grösseren Rahmen</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment "><code>/etc/samba/smb.conf</code></li>
<li class="fragment ">Nutzerrechte konfigurierbar</li>
<li class="fragment ">User müssen zusätzlich zum System innerhalb v. samba angelegt werden</li>
</ul>
<pre class="fragment"><code class="bash">~$ sudo smbpasswd -a USERNAME # Fügt den Benutzer USERNAME der Samba Datenbank hinzu und aktiviert diesen
~$ sudo smbpasswd -x USERNAME # Entfernt den Benutzer USERNAME aus der Samba Datenbank
~$ sudo smbpasswd -d USERNAME # Deaktiviert den Benutzer USERNAME in der Datenbank
~$ sudo smbpasswd -e USERNAME # Aktiviert den vorher deaktivierten Benutzer USERNAME in der Datenbank wieder </code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>Möglichkeiten mit Samba:
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Dateifreigabe</li>
<li class="fragment ">Rechtesteuerung</li>
<li class="fragment ">Druckerfreigabe</li>
<li class="fragment ">kann einen Active Directory Domain Controller ersetzen</li>
<li class="fragment"><a href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Samba/">https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Samba/</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<code>/etc/samba/smb.conf</code>
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code style="max-height:100vh" class="bash">[global]
workgroup = AWESOME
map to guest = Bad User
log file = /var/log/samba/%m
[homes]
# macht alle lokalen home Verzeichnisse zugänglich
comment = Home Directories
browseable = yes
[guest]
# This share allows anonymous (guest) access
# without authentication!
path = /srv/samba/guest/
read only = no
guest ok = yes
[demo]
# This share requires authentication to access
path = /mnt/huge-1TB-sata-drive/moviez/
read only = no
guest ok = no</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash"># testet die config auf Korrektheit:
~$ testparm </code></pre>
</section>
<section>GUI für samba Server:<br>gadmin-samba</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em">
Wir bauen ein lokales Netzwerk und machen Filesharing
<p><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<ul>
<li>verbindet euch mit dem von mir mitgebrachten switch</li>
<li>konfiguriert eurer ethernet Schnittstelle per <code>/etc/network/interfaces</code> eine IP Adresse im Bereich <strong>192.168.1.10-20</strong><br> ( absprechen !! )</li>
<li>sucht nach der Samba-Freigabe unter der IP 192.168.1.5</li>
<li>mounted die Samba-Freigabe “omikron“ unter <code>~/samba_share</code> :: user=omikron, password=omikron</li>
</ul>
<p>Hinweise:
<ul>
<li>Stichwort „static IP“</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05.en.html#_the_basic_network_configuration_with_ifupdown_legacy" target="_blank">Statische IP konfigurieren</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05.de.html#_safe_low_level_network_operations" target="_blank">Nützliche Befehle</a>
</li>
<li>mounten per /etc/fstab oder per <a href="9.html#/4">Systemd</a></li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">gateway einstellen: eigene IP</aside>
</section>
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<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 14
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>Der Boot Prozess</h3> </section>
<section>
<h4>Boot Ablauf</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">efi ( bios ) lädt bootloader ( grub2 )</li>
<li class="fragment ">bootloader lädt kernel</li>
<li class="fragment ">Kernel ist modularisiert -> Keine Dateisystemtreiber!!</li>
<li class="fragment ">Lösung: Kernel bindet initrd als RAM-Disk ein</li>
<li class="fragment ">initrd -> enthält zum Systemstart notwendige Module ( zB Dateisystemtreiber, damit Kernel root Partition einbinden kann )</li>
<li class="fragment ">System startet.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 223,6G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 245M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 511M 0 part /boot
└─sda3 8:3 0 222,9G 0 part
└─sda3_crypt 253:0 0 222,8G 0 crypt
├─xubuntu--vg-root 253:1 0 215,1G 0 lvm /
└─xubuntu--vg-swap_1 253:2 0 7,7G 0 lvm
</code></pre>
<p>Der Bootloader wohnt in /boot/efi
</section>
<section>
<p>Inhalt von /boot
<pre><code class="bash">
root@workhorse:/boot# ls
config-4.9.0-7-amd64 initrd.img-4.9.0-7-amd64 System.map-4.9.0-8-amd64
config-4.9.0-8-amd64 initrd.img-4.9.0-8-amd64 vmlinuz-4.9.0-7-amd64
grub System.map-4.9.0-7-amd64 vmlinuz-4.9.0-8-amd64
</code></pre>
<p>initrd angucken:<pre><code class="bash">~$ lsinitramfs /boot/initrd.img-$(uname -r)</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>grub - Grand Unified Boot Loader</h3>
<ul style="font-size: .6em"><li>Liest verschiedene <a href="/wiki/Dateisystem" title="Dateisystem">Dateisysteme</a>:
<ul><li>GRUB Legacy (bis GRUB 0.9x): <a href="/wiki/Ext2" title="Ext2">ext2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ext3" title="Ext3">ext3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unix_File_System" title="Unix File System">UFS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unix_File_System" title="Unix File System">UFS2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reiser_File_System" title="Reiser File System">ReiserFS</a>, <a href="/wiki/File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">FAT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Journaled_File_System" title="Journaled File System">JFS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minix-Dateisystem" title="Minix-Dateisystem">Minix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Fast_File_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkeley Fast File System">FFS</a>, <a href="/wiki/XFS_(Dateisystem)" title="XFS (Dateisystem)">XFS</a>, mit distributionsspezifischen Erweiterungen auch weitere;</li>
<li>GRUB2 (ab GRUB 1.9x) zusätzlich <a href="/wiki/Ext4" title="Ext4">ext4</a>, <a href="/wiki/ZFS_(Dateisystem)" title="ZFS (Dateisystem)">ZFS</a> und <a href="/wiki/Btrfs" title="Btrfs">btrfs</a>.</li></ul></li>
<li>Bootet verschiedene Betriebssysteme per Auswahlmenü und automatischem Zeitablauf (Linux und Windows als <a href="/wiki/Multi-Boot-System" title="Multi-Boot-System">Multi-Boot-System</a>).</li>
<li>Bootet Betriebssysteme von Festplatten, Disketten, CD- und DVD-Laufwerken sowie Flash-Disks.</li>
<li>Verfügt über einen eingebauten <a href="/wiki/Kommandozeileninterpreter" title="Kommandozeileninterpreter">Kommandozeileninterpreter</a> (Shell).</li>
<li>Ist relativ einfach konfigurierbar (Farben, Hintergrundbild, Struktur usw.).</li>
<li>Kann mit einem <a href="/wiki/Passwort" title="Passwort">Passwort</a> gesichert werden.</li>
<li>Kann über <a href="/wiki/Trivial_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="Trivial File Transfer Protocol">TFTP</a> bereitgestellte <a href="/wiki/Linux_(Kernel)" title="Linux (Kernel)">Linux-Kernel</a> booten.</li></ul>
<aside class="notes">
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Bootloader
</aside>
</section>
<section>
Interessante Dateien:
<p>/etc/default/grub -> Anpassungen
<p>/etc/grub.d/ -> scripts die boot.cfg generieren
<pre><code class="bash">00_header*
05_debian_theme*
10_linux*
20_linux_xen*
20_memtest86+*
30_os-prober*
30_uefi-firmware*
40_custom*
41_custom*
</code></pre>
<p>/boot/grub/grub.cfg -> nicht bearbeiten!
</section>
<section>
<p>/etc/default/grub
<pre><code class="bash">
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
GRUB_BACKGROUND="/usr/share/images/grub/050817-N-3488C-028.tga"
</code></pre>
<a href="https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/GRUB_2/Aussehen_-_einfache_Konfiguration/">Aussehen verändern</a>
<p>nach Änderung: <pre><code>sudo update-grub</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
optional: grub-customizer
<p><a href="https://answers.launchpad.net/grub-customizer/+faq/1397">grub-customizer aus quellen bauen</a>
<p><a href="https://launchpad.net/~danielrichter2007/+archive/ubuntu/grub-customizer">grub-customizer ppa</a>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/uefi-vs-bios.png">
<small style="font-size: .4em">Quelle: https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/bootkit-nemesis-genuine-threat/</small>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Secure Boot</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">bootet ausschliesslich Signierte Kernel. Einzige mögliche Signatur: kommt von Microsoft......
<li class="fragment">Microsoft stellt Linux-Distributoren Key zur Verfügung -> ein paar Distrib. unterstützen Secure Boot.
<li class="fragment">Debian zur Zeit nicht.
<li class="fragment">Secure Boot verhindert Starten von selbst kompilierten Kerneln
<li class="fragment">Microsoft kontrolliert also auf ALLEN Mainboards welche Betriebssysteme bei aktiviertem Secure Boot starten können. Auf ALLEN.
</ul>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>C und C-Compiler</h3> </section>
<section>
Ein einfaches C-Programm
<pre><code class="c">
#include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
int main() {
printf("Hello World\n");
return 0;
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/Compiler.gif">
</section>
<section>
<p>Wir benötigen:
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">einen C-Compiler</li>
<li class="fragment ">diverse Bibliotheken</li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install build-essential</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment"><a href="https://packages.debian.org/stretch/build-essential">https://packages.debian.org/stretch/build-essential</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Code compilieren:
<pre><code class="bash">~$ gcc hello.c -o hello
# Programm ausführen
~$ ./hello
</code></pre>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<h3>Begriffe</h3>
<table>
<tr>
<td>C</td>
<td>Programmiersprache - Der Linux-Kernel ist in „C“ geschrieben</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compiler</td>
<td>Übersetzt den Quellcode in Maschinencode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>gcc</td>
<td>Gnu C-Compiler Collection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bibliotheken</td>
<td>Fertige Funktionen, die in andere Programme eingebunden werden ( unter Windoes oft *.dll-Dateien )</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>make</td>
<td>arbeitet Regeln und Abhängigkeitsdefinitionen in „Makefile“ ab -> startet den gcc</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>der Linux Kernel</h3></section>
<section> <img src="img/Kernel_Layout.svg.png"> </section>
<section>
<p>Befehle
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">lsusb</li>
<li class="fragment ">lscpu</li>
<li class="fragment ">lspci</li>
<li class="fragment ">lsmem</li>
<li class="fragment ">lshw</li>
<h5 class="fragment ">Kernelmodule</h5>
<li class="fragment ">lsmod - listet geladene KM</li>
<li class="fragment ">modprobe - laden und löschen v. KM</li>
<li class="fragment ">insmod - lädt KM ohne Abhängigkeiten</li>
<li class="fragment ">rmmod - löscht KM ohne Abhängigkeiten</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Was zum?? ist ein Kernel Modul??</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">ein Stück kompilierten Codes, der zur Laufzeit in den Kernel eingefügt werden kann ( zb Treiber )</li>
<li class="fragment ">Erweitert d. Funktionalität d. Kernels</li>
<li class="fragment ">Reboot de Systems nicht nötig</li>
<li class="fragment ">Ohne Module müsste man Monolithische Kernel bauen und neue Funktionalität direkt ins Kernel Image integrieren </li>
<li class="fragment ">-> Kernel Image wird grösser sein</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li >Die meisten Hardwarekomponenten in eurem Computer haben einen zugehörigen Treiber.</li>
<li class="fragment">Ein großer Teil eines laufenden Kernels ist Treibercode.</li>
<li class="fragment">Ein Treiber kann statisch in die Kerneldatei auf der Festplatte eingebaut werden.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Moderne Linuxe bieten umfangreichen Treiber-Support, manuelles Laden von KM ist praktisch nie nötig.
<p>Gegenbeispiel:<p> NVIDIA Treiber f. Gaming GraKas<br> manche Drucker ( jaaa, immer noch... )
</section>
<section>
<h3>Manuelle Konfiguration von KM</h3>
<pre><code class="bash">/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf</code></pre>
<h3>Liste der Kernelmodule</h3><pre style="font-size: .5em"><code class="bash">~$ basename -s ".ko" $(find /lib/modules/$(uname -r) \
-type f -name "*.ko") </code></pre></li>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Wir bauen ein Kernel-Modul</h3>
</section>
<section>
<p>Wir benötigen hierfür git: <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install git</code></pre>
<p>Ein Album als kernelmodul??
<a href="https://github.com/usrbinnc/netcat-cpi-kernel-module">https://github.com/usrbinnc/netcat-cpi-kernel-module</a>
</section>
<section>
<h3>wir bauen uns einen Kernel</h3>
<ol>
<li class="fragment">Download der Kernel Quellen </li>
<li class="fragment">Installieren der build tools</li>
<li class="fragment">Kernel bauen ;-)</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<p>Aktuelle Kernel Quellen herunterladen
<a href="https://www.kernel.org">https://www.kernel.org</a>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential \
libncurses5-dev gcc libssl-dev bc
# für XXXXXXX entspr. Kernel Version einsetzen!
$ cd ~/Downloads
$ tar xvf linux-XXXXXXX.tar.xz
$ cd linux-XXXXXXX
$ cp /boot/config-4.13-XXXXXXX .config
$ make menuconfig
</code></pre>
</section>
<section><img src="img/menu-1.png"></section>
<section>Folgendes bitte zu Hause probieren::<pre><code class="bash"># Das dauert jetzt....
# ca 90min auf einem Core i3 @2.4MHz
# -j 4 -> Nutze 4 Kerne
~$ make -j4 deb-pkg
#Kernel installieren:
~$ sudo dpkg -i ../linux-*.deb
# reboot -> neuen Kernel wählen
</code></pre>
<a href="https://debian-handbook.info/browse/stable/sect.kernel-installation.html">Debian Handbbok - Installing a kernel</a></section>
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C 11.11 [3] Besorgen Sie sich eine geeignete Datei (etwa ein größeres tar -Ar-
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vergleichen Sie die Laufzeit und die Größe des Resultats für xz mit verschie-
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 15
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>lampp stack</h3> Linux & Apache & mysql & php</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install apache2 mysql-server phpmyadmin</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash">~$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'some_very_complex_password';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO 'newuser'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> \q
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">http://localhost/phpmyadmin</li>
<li class="fragment ">user: phpmyadmin</li>
<li class="fragment ">http://localhost/phpmyadmin</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>mysql</h3>
</section>
<section>
mysql ist eine „relationale Datenbank”
<p><blockquote> Relationale Datenbanken versuchen, die Realität in einem Datenmodell abzubilden.</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>Jede Zeile einer Tabelle ist ein Datensatz</li>
<li>Jede Zeile ( Tupel ) besteht aus <strong>Attributen</strong> ( die Spalten )</li>
<li>Über <strong>Primärschlüssel</strong> werden Beziehungen hergestellt</li>
<li>Eine Datenbank kann viele Tabellen beinhalten</li>
<li>Die Tabellen stehen in Beziehung ( Relation )</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/relationales_datenbankmodell_beispiel.jpg">
<p><small style="font-size:.4em">Quelle: http://www.datenbanken-verstehen.de/datenbank-grundlagen/datenbankmodell/relationales-datenbankmodell/</small>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Normalisierung</h4>
Aufteilung der Attribute (Spalten) in mehrere Relationen ( Tabellen ), so dass eine Form ohne Redundanzen entsteht.
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/Aufspaltung_einer_Tabelle_in_zwei_(Beispiel).svg">
</section>
<section>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>Rg Nr</td>
<td>Datum</td>
<td>Name</td>
<td>Straße</td>
<td>Ort</td>
<td>Artikel</td>
<td>Anzahl</td>
<td>Preis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>143</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>Max Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse 4</td>
<td>75179 Pforzheim</td>
<td>Bleistift</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>1,00€</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section>
1. Normalform
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>Rg Nr</td>
<td>Datum</td>
<td>Vor Name</td>
<td>Nach Name</td>
<td>Straße</td>
<td>Hausnr</td>
<td>PLZ</td>
<td>Ort</td>
<td>Artikel</td>
<td>Anzahl</td>
<td>Preis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>143</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>Max</td>
<td>Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse</td>
<td> 4</td>
<td>75179</td>
<td> Pforzheim</td>
<td>Bleistift</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>1,00€</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>Rg Nr</td>
<td>Datum</td>
<td>Vor Name</td>
<td>Nach Name</td>
<td>Straße</td>
<td>Hausnr</td>
<td>PLZ</td>
<td>Ort</td>
<td>Artikel</td>
<td>Anzahl</td>
<td>Preis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>144</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>Max</td>
<td>Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse</td>
<td> 4</td>
<td>75179</td>
<td> Pforzheim</td>
<td>Bleistift</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>1,00€</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>145</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>Max</td>
<td>Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse</td>
<td> 4</td>
<td>75179</td>
<td> Pforzheim</td>
<td>Tüte</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>0,10€</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>146</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>Max</td>
<td>Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse</td>
<td> 4</td>
<td>75179</td>
<td> Pforzheim</td>
<td>Ratzefummel</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>1,50€</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section>
Kunden
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
<td>Vor Name</td>
<td>Nach Name</td>
<td>Straße</td>
<td>Hausnr</td>
<td>PLZ</td>
<td>Ort</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1234</td>
<td>Max</td>
<td>Müller</td>
<td>Trumstrasse</td>
<td> 4</td>
<td>75179</td>
<td> Pforzheim</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr>
<div>
Rechnungen:
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tr>
<td>Rg Nr</td>
<td>Datum</td>
<td>KundenID</td>
<td>Artikel</td>
<td>Anzahl</td>
<td>Preis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>144</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>1234</td>
<td>Bleistift</td>
<td>1001</td>
<td>1,00</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>145</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>1234</td>
<td>Tüte</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>0,10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>146</td>
<td>01.04.2018</td>
<td>1234</td>
<td>Ratzefummel</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>1,50</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/Wp_Normal_1_301208_165800.JPG">
</section>
<section>
Verbindung aufnehmen:
<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo mysql
# oder:
~$ mysql -u BENUTZERNAME -p -h localhost
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">-u : Username</li>
<li class="fragment ">-p : Passwort abfragen</li>
<li class="fragment ">-h : Host</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>Datenbank erstellen
<pre style="font-size:.4em"><code class="sql">CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test;
USE test;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS books (
BookID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
Title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
SeriesID INT, AuthorID INT);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS authors
(id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS series
(id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT);
INSERT INTO books (Title,SeriesID,AuthorID)
VALUES('The Fellowship of the Ring',1,1),
('The Two Towers',1,1), ('The Return of the King',1,1),
('The Sum of All Men',2,2), ('Brotherhood of the Wolf',2,2),
('Wizardborn',2,2), ('The Hobbbit',0,1);</code></pre>
</section>
<section>Tabellen anzeigen
<pre><code class="sql">
SHOW TABLES;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| authors |
| books |
| series |
+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="sql">DESCRIBE books;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| BookID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| Title | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
| SeriesID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| AuthorID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Daten anzeigen:
<pre><code class="sql">SELECT * FROM books;
+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
| BookID | Title | SeriesID | AuthorID |
+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
| 1 | The Fellowship of the Ring | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | The Two Towers | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | The Return of the King | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | The Sum of All Men | 2 | 2 |
| 5 | Brotherhood of the Wolf | 2 | 2 |
| 6 | Wizardborn | 2 | 2 |
| 7 | The Hobbbit | 0 | 1 |
+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)</code></pre></section>
<section>Daten einfügen:
<pre><code class="sql">INSERT INTO books (Title, SeriesID, AuthorID)
VALUES ("Lair of Bones", 2, 2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</code></pre>
<pre><code>SELECT * FROM books;</code></pre></section>
<section>
Daten modifizieren:
<pre><code class="sql">UPDATE books
SET Title = "The Hobbit"
WHERE BookID = 7;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Speicherort: <pre><code>/var/lib/mysql</code></pre>
Konfiguration <pre><code>/etc/mysql/my.cnf</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Andere Datenbanken:
<p><ul>
<li class="fragment ">PostgreSql</li>
<li class="fragment ">SQLite</li>
<li class="fragment ">Redis</li>
<li class="fragment ">MongoDB</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>Apache Webserver</h3></section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Apache ist der meistgenutzte (?) Webserver</li>
<li class="fragment ">Apache beantwortet http Requests. </li>
<li class="fragment ">Punkt.</li>
<li class="fragment ">kennt Module -> Funtionserweiterung</li>
<li class="fragment ">interpretiert versch. Script-Sprachen über Module</li>
<li class="fragment "><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server#Module">Liste der Module</a></li>
<li class="fragment ">php, ruby, perl, lua, JavaScript, .net .....</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>aktuelle Version 2.3 ( deswegen apache2 )</li>
<li class="fragment ">Standard Speicherort f. Webseiten: /var/www/html</li>
<li class="fragment ">Aufruf per Browser : <br>http://localhost/ <br>http://SERVER-IP_ODER_NAME/</li>
<li class="fragment ">Standardmässig wird <code>index.html</code> ausgeliefert</li>
<li class="fragment ">wenn nicht vorhanden Liste des Verz. Inhalt</li>
<li class="fragment ">Steuerung über <br><code>systemctl start | stop | restart | reload | force-reload apache2</code> </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Konfiguration</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment "><code>/etc/apache2/apache2.conf</code></li>
<li class="fragment ">Zusätzliche conf Files: <br><code>/etc/apache2/conf-available/</code></li>
<li class="fragment ">Einzelne Webseiten ( vhosts ) <br><code>/etc/apache2/sites-available/</code></li>
<li class="fragment ">per Verzeichnis: <code>.htaccess</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
De-/ Aktivieren einer Zusätzlichen Konfigurationsdatei <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo a2enconf NAME_DER_DATEI.conf
~$ sudo a2disconf NAME_DER_DATEI.conf </code></pre>
De-/ Aktivieren einer Zusätzlichen Webseite <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo a2ensite MEINE_WEBSEITE.conf
~$ sudo a2dissite MEINE_WEBSEITE.conf </code></pre>
<small>Diese beiden Befehle machen Symlinks in die Ordner <br><code>/etc/apache/[ conf | site ]-enabled</code></small>
<hr>
<p>Nach Änderungen in diesen Dateien: <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo systemctl reload apache2</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Virtual Hosts</h4>
<div>Es ist möglich, von einem Server verschiedene Domains auszuliefern mit sog. Virtual Hosts.</div>
<p>Beispiel:: <a href="beispiele/15/schubertdaniel.conf">beispiele/15/schubertdaniel.conf</a>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> <p>Erstellt eine Webseite namens omikron, die per <p><code>http://localhost/omikron</code> <br>aus dem Ordner <p><code>/var/www/html/omikron</code> <br>ausgeliefert wird.
</section>
<section><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> <p>Verlegt die Wordpress Installation nach <code>/home/NUTZERNAME/www/wordpress</code></section>
<!--
<section>
Übungen
C 11.11 [3] Besorgen Sie sich eine geeignete Datei (etwa ein größeres tar -Ar-
chiv mit Quellcode, vielleicht für den Linux-Kernel) und komprimieren Sie
sie jeweils mit gzip , bzip2 und xz . Messen Sie dabei die Ausführungszeit
durch ein vorgesetztes time . Wie verhalten die Laufzeiten und die Kompri-
mierungsraten sich zueinander?
C 11.12 [2] Experimentieren Sie mit der Datei aus der vorigen Aufgabe und
vergleichen Sie die Laufzeit und die Größe des Resultats für xz mit verschie-
denen Effizienz-Optionen. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen -1 und -6 und
zwischen -6 und -9 ?
</section>
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
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document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );
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<style type="text/css">
.reveal img{ max-height: 60vh}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 16
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex" ><h3 >Linux und Multimedia</h3></section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="img/trianglify.svg" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3 style="color: lightgrey; text-shadow: 1px 1px black">Bildbearbeitung</h3></section>
<section>
<h5>the Gimp</h5>
<p>GNU Image Manipulation Programm</p>
<img src="img/2019-03-02-124423_1366x768_scrot.png">
</section>
<section>
<h5>Darktable</h5>
<img src="img/2019-03-02-124938_1366x768_scrot.png">
</section>
<section>
<h5>Inkscape</h5>
<p>Vektorbilder </p>
<img src="img/2019-03-02-125227_1366x768_scrot.png">
</section>
<section>
<p><a href="https://imagemagick.org/index.php" target="_blank">ImageMagick</a>
<pre><code> sudo apt install imagemagick</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>convert / mogrify
</ul>
<pre><code class="bash">convert bild.jpg out.gif </code></pre>
<ul>
<li>montage</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>montage *.jpg out.jpg</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>import</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>import screen.jpg</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash" contenteditable>
# komprimiert ein jpg ohne sichtbare Qualitätsverluste
# ( zb für Webseiten Deployment )
convert -strip -interlace Plane -sampling-factor 4:2:0 \
-quality 85% quelle.jpg result.jpg
# das selbe, aber rekursiv und destruktiv
find . -name "*.jpg" -exec mogrify -strip -interlace Plane \
-sampling-factor 4:2:0 -quality 85% {} \;
# Bild beschneiden und zentrieren
convert input.jpg -crop '1900x1400+0+0'\
-gravity Center output.jpg
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre style="width: 80vw; font-size: .5em"><code class="bash">convert -size 320x90 canvas:none -stroke snow4 -size 1x90 -tile gradient:white-snow4 \
-draw 'roundrectangle 16, 5, 304, 85 20,40' +tile -fill snow \
-draw 'roundrectangle 264, 5, 304, 85 20,40' -tile gradient:chartreuse-green \
-draw 'roundrectangle 16, 5, 180, 85 20,40' -tile gradient:chartreuse1-chartreuse3 \
-draw 'roundrectangle 140, 5, 180, 85 20,40' +tile -fill none \
-draw 'roundrectangle 264, 5, 304, 85 20,40' -strokewidth 2 \
-draw 'roundrectangle 16, 5, 304, 85 20,40' \( +clone -background snow4 \
-shadow 80x3+3+3 \) +swap -background none -layers merge \( +size -pointsize 90 \
-strokewidth 1 -fill red label:'50 %' -trim +repage \( +clone -background firebrick3 \
-shadow 80x3+3+3 \) +swap -background none -layers merge \) -insert 0 -gravity center \
-append -background white -gravity center -extent 320x200 cylinder_shaded.png</code></pre>
</section>
<section>Ein Bild verschlüsseln
<pre><code class="bash">convert rose.jpg -encipher passphrase.txt rose.png</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash"># ein anders Bild als Passwort
convert rose.jpg -encipher smiley.gif rose.png</code></pre>
<pre><code class="bash"># entschlüsseln
convert rose.png -decipher smiley.gif rose.jpg</code></pre>
<a href="https://imagemagick.org/Usage/transform/#encipher">ImageMagick Hilfe Seite</a>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<ul>
<li>Bereitet <a href="https://www.schubertdaniel.de/linuxkurs/bilder.zip">diese Bilder</a> vor für eine Bildergallerie. </li>
<li>Die Bilder sollen nicht grösser als 1200x800px sein.</li>
<li>Die Bilder sollen nicht beschnitten werden.</li>
<li>Die Metadaten sollen entfernt werden.</li>
<li>Veröffentlicht die Bilder in einer Gallerie auf eurer Wordpress Seite.</li>
</ul>
Hinweis:
<pre><code>convert input.jpg -resize '1200x800' output.jpg</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
screenshots mit scrot
<pre><code class="bash">~$ scrot -d 5 '%Y-%m-%d_$wx$h.png'</code></pre>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="img/trianglify.svg" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3 style="color: lightgrey; text-shadow: 1px 1px black">Video Editing / Transkodierung</h3></section>
<section>
<h4>Einfacher Videoschnitt</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">OpenShot
<div><img src="img/openshot-screen.jpg"></div></li>
<li class="fragment">Pitivi</li>
<li class="fragment">KDEnlive</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4 class="fragment">Anspruchsvoller Videoschnitt</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Blender - eigentl. 3D-Rendering <ul><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YE7VzlLtp-4">Big Buck Bunny bei YouTube</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.blenderguru.com/articles/27-inspiring-blender-animations-that-will-make-your-jaw-drop">Blender Videos</a></li></ul>
<li class="fragment">Lightworks</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Ausflug</h3>
Video Container
</section>
<section>
Ein Video Container beinhält
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Eine Videospur</li>
<li class="fragment ">eine oder mehrere Audiospuren</li>
<li class="fragment ">Untertitel</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Die Videospur ist meist kodiert mit
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">mpeg-1</li>
<li class="fragment ">mpeg-4</li>
<li class="fragment ">mpeg4-part10: h264 / h265</li>
<li class="fragment ">vp8 / vp9 </li>
<li class="fragment ">theora</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Die Audiospur ist meist kodiert mit
<p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">mp3</li>
<li class="fragment ">aac</li>
<li class="fragment ">ogg vorbis</li>
<li class="fragment ">opus</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Zusammengesetzt ergeben sich Container
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">mp4 : h264 + mp3 ( <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP4">Wikipedia</a> )</li>
<li class="fragment ">webm : vp9 + opus ( <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebM">Wikipedia</a> )</li>
<li class="fragment ">ogv : theora + ogg ( <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogg">Wikipedia</a> )</li>
<li class="fragment ">mehr <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerformat">Wikipedia</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>ffmpeg</h4>
<h5>Das Schweizer Taschenmesser der Audio / Video Konvertierung</h5>
<pre><code class="bash"># einfache Transkodierung
ffmpeg -i videoi.avi video.mpg
# DVD Rip
ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k \
-g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.mpg
# h264 kodiertes mp4 zur Darstellung im Browser
ffmpeg -i infile.avi -vf scale=1200:800 -b:v 600k \
-b:a 128k -c:v libx264 -preset medium outfile.mp4
# mp3 aus wav
ffmpeg -i infile.wav -b:a 192k outfile.mp3
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code class="bash" contenteditable>
# produziert 3 Videos; benötigt für Webseiten
# damit alle Browser d. Video abspielen
# video: h264; audio: aac ( default )
ffmpeg -i infile -b:v 600k -b:a 128k -c:v libx264 out.mp4
# video: vp9; audio: opus ( default )
ffmpeg -i infile -b:v 600k -b:a 128k out.webm
# video: theora; audio: ogg vorbis
ffmpeg -i infile -codec:v libtheora -qscale:v 7 \
-codec:a libvorbis -qscale:a 5 out.ogv
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Handbrake</li>
<li>libdvdcss</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>
<ul>
<li>installiert ffmpeg</li>
<li>erstellt aus <a href="/beispiele/16/infile.m4v">DIESEM</a> Video einen 10sec langen mp4 Video-Snippet.</li>
<li>erstellt aus <a href="/beispiele/16/wav-file.zip">DIESEM</a> Wav ein MP3 mit 192kB Bitrate.</li>
<li>erstellt aus der Wav-Datei eine flac Datei.</li>
<li>vergleicht die Grössen.</li>
<li>Warum ist es nicht sinnvoll aus einem mp3 ein wav zu machen?</li>
</ul>
Hinweis:
<pre><code class="bash" contenteditable># 10sec langes video:
ffmpeg -t 10 -i ..... </code></pre>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="img/Jaromir-Chalabala1.jpg" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3 style="color: lightgrey; text-shadow: 1px 1px black">Audio Production</h3></section>
<section>
Audio unter Linux ist .... interessant.
<p>Meist Kombination aus Pulseaudio / ALSA
<p>PulseAudio -> Middleware
<p>ALSA -> Treiber
<p>Für Echtzeit-Audio-Verarbeitung ( möglichst geringe Latenzen ) muss die Kombination Jack / ALsa konfiguriert werden
<aside class="notes">alsamixer</aside>
</section>
<section>Audacity
<div><img src="img/audacity.png"></div></section>
<section>
Ardour - Professionelles Recording
<div><img src="img/ardour.jpg"></div>
</section>
<section>
Guitarix - Virtueller Gitarrenamp
<div><img src="img/guitarix.jpg"></div>
</section>
<section>
<p><a href="http://kxstudio.linuxaudio.org/index.php">Plugins und andere Tools</a>
</section>
<section>
Jack
<div><img src="img/QjackctlConnectionsForm.png"></div>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Abspielprgramme</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">VLC</li>
<li class="fragment">Mplayer</li>
<li class="fragment">Rhythmbox</li>
<li class="fragment">mocp</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Multimedia Distributionen</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.bandshed.net/avlinux/">avlinux</a></li>
<li><a href="http://ubuntustudio.org">UbuntuStudio</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Gaming</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Steam</li>
<li class="fragment ">GOG</li>
<li class="fragment ">viele Open Source Spiele
<ul>
<li>Sauerbraten</li>
<li>Assault Cube</li>
<li>Zero-K</li>
<li>0 A.D.</li>
<li>Flightgear</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
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<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Übungen
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<span style="color: orange">Übungen:</span>
<ul>
<li>Finden Sie alle Dateien in Ihrem System, die größer als 1 MiB sind, und lassen Sie deren Namen ausgeben.</li>
<li>Wie können Sie find benutzen, um eine Datei zu löschen, die einen merkwürdigen Namen hat (etwa mit unsichtbaren Kontrollzeichen oder mit Umlauten, die von älteren Shells nicht verstanden werden)?</li>
<li>Wie würden Sie beim Abmelden dafür sorgen, dass etwaige Dateien in /tmp, die Ihnen gehören, automatisch gelöscht werden?</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
<pre><code>find / -size +1024k -print</code></pre>
<pre><code># -inum Inodenname ( ls -i )
find . -maxdepth 1 -inum 4711 -exec rm -f '{}' \;</code></pre>
<pre><code>find /tmp -user $LOGNAME -type f -print0 \
| xargs -0 -r rm -</code></pre>
</aside>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<ul>
<li>README ist ein sehr populärer Dateiname. Geben Sie die absoluten
Pfadnamen aller Dateien auf Ihrem System an, die README heißen.</li>
<li>Legen Sie eine neue Datei in Ihrem Heimatverzeichnis an und überzeugen Sie sich durch einen locate-Aufruf, dass diese Datei nicht gefunden
wird (wählen Sie gegebenenfalls einen hinreichend ausgefallenen Dateinamen). Rufen Sie dann (mit Administratorrechten) das Programm updatedb
auf. Wird Ihre neue Datei danach mit locate gefunden? Löschen Sie die Datei wieder und wiederholen Sie die vorigen Schritte</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<ul>
<li>Überzeugen Sie sich, dass slocate funktioniert, indem Sie als gewöhnlicher Benutzer nach Dateien wie /etc/shadow suchen.</li>
<li>Welche Dateien stehen im Verzeichnis /boot? Hat das Verzeichnis Unterverzeichnisse und, wenn ja, welche?
<li style="padding-top: .5em">Erklären Sie den Unterschied zwischen <code>ls</code> mit einem Dateinamen als
Argument und <code>ls</code> mit einem Verzeichnisnamen als Argument. <br>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<ul>
<li>Wie können Sie <code>ls</code> dazu bringen, bei einem Verzeichnisnamen als
Argument Informationen über das benannte Verzeichnis selbst anstatt über
die darin enthaltenen Dateien zu liefern?
<li>Warum hat <code>mv</code> keine -R-Option wie <code>cp</code>?
<li>Angenommen, in einem Ihrer Verzeichnisse steht eine Datei namens »- file« (mit einem Minuszeichen am Anfang des Namens). Wie würden Sie diese Datei entfernen?
<li>Wenn Sie ein Verzeichnis haben, in dem Sie nicht versehentlich einem »rm *« zum Opfer fallen wollen, können Sie dort eine Datei namens
»- i« anlegen, etwa mit <pre><code>$ > -i</code></pre> Was passiert, wenn Sie jetzt das Kommando »rm *« ausführen, und warum?</li>
<li>Wie löscht man diese Datei ( -i ) ?
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<p><span style="color: orange">Experimente mit versch. Kompressionsprogrammen ( gzip, bzip2, xz ):</span>
<ul>
<li>Besorgen Sie sich eine geeignete Datei (etwa ein größeres tar -Archiv zB den Linux Kernel) und komprimieren Sie sie jeweils mit gzip , bzip2 und xz . Messen Sie dabei die Ausführungszeit durch ein vorgesetztes time . Wie verhalten die Laufzeiten und die Komprimierungsraten sich zueinander?</li>
<li>Experimentieren Sie mit der Datei aus der vorigen Aufgabe und vergleichen Sie die Laufzeit und die Größe des Resultats für xz mit verschiedenen Effizienz-Optionen. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen -1 und -6 und zwischen -6 und -9 ?</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .65em">
<h4>Übungen mit grep / reguläre Ausdrücke</h4>
<ul>
<li>
Sind die Operatoren ? und + in regulären Ausdrücken wirklich nötig?
</li>
<li>
Finden Sie in <a href="/beispiele/17/frosch.txt">frosch.txt</a> alle Zeilen, in denen das Wort »Tochter« oder »Königstochter« vorkommt.
</li>
<li>
In der Datei /etc/passwd stehen die Benutzer des Rechners (meistens jedenfalls). Jede Zeile der Datei besteht aus einer Reihe von durch Doppelpunkten getrennten Feldern. Das letzte Feld jeder Zeile gibt die Login-Shell eines Benutzers an. Geben Sie eine grep-Kommandozeile an, mit der Sie alle Benutzer finden können, die die Bash als Login-Shell verwenden.
</li>
<li>
Suchen Sie in /usr/share/dict/words nach allen Wörtern, die die genau die fünf Vokale »a«, »e«, »i«, »o« und »u« in dieser Reihenfolge enthalten (möglicherweise mit Konsonanten davor, dazwischen und dahinter).
</li>
<li>
Geben Sie ein Kommando an, das im »Froschkönig« alle Zeilen sucht und ausgibt, in denen irgendein mindestens vierbuchstabiges Wort zweimal auftritt.
</li>
</ul>
<p>Quelle: <a href="/pdf/Linux-Kurs/lxes-de-manual.pdf">lxes-de-manual.pdf</a>
<aside class="notes">
<pre><code>egrep '\<(Königst|T)ochter\>' frosch.txt</code></pre>
<pre><code>grep :/bin/bash$ /etc/passwd</code></pre>
<pre><code>$ k='[^aeiou]*'
$ grep -i ^${k}a${k}e${k}i${k}o${k}u${k}$ /usr/share/dict/words</code></pre>
<pre><code>egrep '(\<[[:alpha:]]{4,}\>).*\<\1\>' frosch.txt</code></pre>
</aside>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<ul>
<li>Wie können Sie prüfen, ob in einem Verzeichnis Dateien mit »merkwürdigen« Namen enthalten sind, etwa solche mit Leerzeichen am Schluss
oder mit unsichtbaren Steuerzeichen in der Mitte?
<li>Vergleichen Sie die Ausgabe der Kommandos »ls /tmp« und »ls /tmp
>ls-tmp.txt« (wobei wir mit »Ausgabe« im zweiten Fall den Inhalt der Datei
ls- tmp.txt meinen). Fällt Ihnen etwas auf? Falls ja, wie könnte man das Phänomen erklären? ( u.U. kein Effekt, hängt von der Version ab ) </li>
<li>Ersetzten Sie in den Dateinamen der jpg aus bilder.zip alle Gross- durch Kleinbuchstaben
<pre><code class="bash">~$ tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' ...</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<ul>
<li>Sortieren Sie die Teilnehmerliste in <a href="/linuxkurs/beispiele/17/teilnehmer0.dat">teilnehmer0.dat</a> nach den Vereinsnamen und innerhalb der
Vereine nach den Nach- und Vornamen der Spieler (in dieser Reihenfolge)
<p><pre><code class="bash">~$ man sort</code></pre></p>
<li>Generieren Sie eine neue Version der Datei teilnehmer0.dat, in der die Startnummer und die Vereinszugehörigkeit nicht auftauchen.
<p><pre><code class="bash">~$ man cut
~$ man paste</code></pre></p>
<li>Erzeugen Sie eine Version der Datei teilnehmer0.dat, bei der die Felder nicht durch Doppelpunkte, sondern durch die Zeichenkette »,␣« (Komma gefolgt von einem Leerzeichen) getrennt sind.
<li>Wie viele verschiedene Gruppen werden von Benutzern auf Ihrem System als primäre Gruppen benutzt? (Die primäre Gruppe eines Benutzers ist das vierte Feld in der Datei /etc/passwd.)
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .55em">
<p>
Erstellt ein Backup-Installations-Script welches
<ol>
<li>einmal per Dialog einen Backup-Dateinamen ohne Endung abfrägt mit <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bash_Shell_Scripting/Whiptail#Input_box">Whiptail</a></li>
<li>einmal per Dialog das Backup-Ziel abfrägt ( zB lk.schubertdaniel.de / oder localhost ) </li>
<li>einen systemd Timer ( <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Systemd/Timers">https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Systemd/Timers </a> ) installiert, der täglich
<ul>
<li>die Ordner „wp-content/themes“ und „wp-content/uploads“ eurer Wordpress Installation </li>
<li>Die Datenbank eurer Wordpress Installation ( Befehl mysqldump ) <pre><code class="sql" contenteditable="">mysqldump --add-drop-table -h mysql_hostserver -u mysql_username -p mysql_databasename
</code></pre></li>
</ul>
zusammen in ein <strong>xz-komprimiertes</strong> File mit dem oben abgefragten Namen + Datum im Format <br> „24-02-2019“ packt</li>
<li>das Backup auf Backup-Ziel per „scp“ oder „rsync“ kopiert.</li>
<li>Strukturiert das Script mit functions; ggf. kann es sinnvoll sein, die Aufgabe in mehrere Dateien aufzuteilen.
</ol>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>zusätzliche Überlegungen:
<ul>
<li>gibt es bereits einen service der so heisst?</li>
<li>existiert die datenbank?</li>
<li>existieren die ordner?</li>
<li>existiert das backupziel?</li>
<li>was soll passieren wenn etwas nicht existiert?</li>
<li>was soll passieren wenn der upload scheitert?</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 2
<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
</section>
<section>
<section><h3>Weitere Desktop Systeme</h3>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>X window - X11</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
xfce
<figure> <img style="max-height: 25vw" src="img/Xfce_4.12_on_Fedora_22.png"><figcaption>zB xubuntu</figcaption></figure>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>Windows XP Ähnlich</li>
<li>rechts oben START</li>
<li>Ressourcen Sparsam</li>
<li>alte hardware</li>
<li>XUBUNTU</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
KDE
<figure><img style="max-height: 25vw" src="img/linux-mint-18.1-kde-screenshot-2.png"><figcaption>zB kubuntu / SUSE</figcaption></figure>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>Sehr umfangreich konfigurierbar</li>
<li>Modern</li>
<li>vlcht mit WIn7 vergleichbar</li>
<li>KUBUNTU</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
Pantheon
<figure><img style="max-height: 25vw" src="img/Elementary_OS_0.3.1.png"><figcaption>elementaryOS</figcaption></figure>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>Modern</li>
<li>die stylischte Variante</li>
<li>Ubuntu Deriv</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
i3wm / awesome
<figure><img style="max-height: 25vw" src="img/d1mscg9xqj7z.png"><figcaption>tiling window managers</figcaption></figure>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>tiling window manager</li>
<li>komplett per tastatur steuerbar</li>
<li>schnell</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Wichtige „Freie“ Programme</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">LibreOffice</li>
<li class="fragment ">Thunderbird</li>
<li class="fragment ">Firefox / Chromium</li>
<li class="fragment ">GIMP</li>
<li class="fragment ">InkScape - Vector Grafik</li>
<li class="fragment ">ImageMagick - Bildmanipulation</li>
<li class="fragment ">Blender - 3D Rendering</li>
<li class="fragment ">VLC</li>
<li class="fragment ">mplayer</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>ImageMagick - scriptbar</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Wichtige „Freie“ Dienste</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Webserver : Apache / Nginx</li>
<li class="fragment ">Datenbanken: MySql / PostgreSql / MariaDB</li>
<li class="fragment ">Email: Postfix / Sendmail </li>
<li class="fragment ">Fileserver: Samba</li>
<li class="fragment ">BIND / DNSmasq</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>Samba: Nachbau von Windows SMB -> Kompatibel</li>
<li>Samba: läuft auf meinem PI</li>
<li>BIND DNSMASQ : ohne die kein internet denkbar</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Basics / Unterschiede zu Windows</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Verzeichnistrenner : <code>/</code>
<li class="fragment">Unterscheidung von gross / klein -Schreibung: Datei.txt ≠ datei.txt
<li class="fragment ">Benutzerverzeichnis : <code>/home/username</code>
<li class="fragment ">Wurzelverzeichnis „root directory“ :<code>/</code>
<li class="fragment">gültige Dateinamen / Pfade:
<ul>
<li><code>/home/daniel/Dokumente/Wichtig.dez-2018.ods</code></li>
<li><code>WichtigerText</code></li>
<li><code>dies.darf_Nicht.weg</code></li>
<li><code>README</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Basics / Unterschiede zu Windows</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">versteckte Datei/Ordner beginnt mit . : <code>.config</code> </li>
<li class="fragment ">Datei-Endungen nicht vorgeschrieben</li>
<li class="fragment ">Keine Laufwerksbuchstaben</li>
<li class="fragment ">Laufwerke ( DVD, USB etc ) werden im Verzeichnisbaum „eingehängt” : mount</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Alles ist eine Datei !</h3>
<li class="fragment "><strong>Verzeichnisse</strong>
<li class="fragment "><strong>Symbolische Links</strong> ähnlich zu »Verknüpfungen« unter Windows.
<li class="fragment "><strong>Gerätedateien</strong> (engl. devices): Schnittstellen zu beliebigen Geräten wie Laufwerken. <code>/dev/fd0</code> ist das erste Diskettenlaufwerk.
</section>
<section>
<figure><img src="img/hN4lt.jpg"></figure>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Übungen</h3>
<ol>
<li>Wie werden versteckte Dateien Sichtbar?</li>
<li>Einbinden eines USB Stick</li>
<li class="fragment ">Installation von XFCE</li>
<li class="fragment ">Wechsel der Desktop Umgebung zu xfce</li>
</ol>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>X Window System X11 </li>
<li>Benennung mit G und K und X </li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>Paketverwaltung</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Debian Versions-Bezeichungen</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">4 Stränge, benannt nach Figuren aus <i>Toy Story</i></li>
<li class="fragment">Testing ( Buster - wird Debian 10)</li>
<li class="fragment">Unstable ( heisst immer Sid ) </li>
<li class="fragment">Stable ( stretch - Debian 9 )</li>
<li class="fragment">Oldstable ( Jessie - Debian 8 )</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Programme zum Paketmanagement</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">synaptic - point and click</li>
<li class="fragment">apt-get - kann Abhängigkeiten selbständig auflösen</li>
<li class="fragment">apt - das hübschere apt-get </li>
<li class="fragment">dpkg - low level paket management</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>apt</h3>
<table style="font-size: .5em"><tbody><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">update</code> </td><td> Neueinlesen der Paketlisten </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">upgrade</code> </td><td> Installierte Pakete wenn möglich auf eine verbesserte Version aktualisieren. Um geänderte Abhängigkeiten zu erfüllen, werden ge­ge­be­nen­falls auch neue Pakete installiert. </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">full-upgrade</code> </td><td> Wie <code class="notranslate">upgrade</code>, nur können bei dem Vorgang auch Pakete entfernt werden. Alternativ kann statt <code class="notranslate">full-upgrade</code> auch der Befehl <code class="notranslate">dist-upgrade</code> verwendet werden. Das Ergebnis ist identisch, allerdings ist <code class="notranslate">dist-upgrade</code> in der Hilfe und der Man-Page von <code class="notranslate">apt</code> nicht dokumentiert. </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">install PAKETNAME</code> </td><td> installiert das Paket <code class="notranslate">PAKETNAME</code> </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">install /PFAD/ZUM/PAKET</code> </td><td> installiert ein lokales Paket und dessen Abhängigkeiten </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">remove PAKETNAME</code> </td><td> deinstalliert das Paket <code class="notranslate">PAKETNAME</code> </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">purge PAKETNAME</code> </td><td> wie <code class="notranslate">remove</code>, es werden aber zusätzlich auch alle Konfigurationsdateien gelöscht </td></tr><tr><td> <code class="notranslate">autoremove</code> </td><td> deinstalliert alle automatisch installierten Pakete, die nicht mehr benötigt werden und keine Abhängigkeiten mehr zu anderen Paketen haben </td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><small>Quelle: https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/apt/apt/</small> </p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Andere Distros</h3>
<ul>
<li>RedHat / CentOs : rpm ( *.rpm )</li>
<li>YUM</li>
<li>arch: pacman ( *.pkg.tar.xz )</li>
</ul>
<p class="fragment">Kovertierung möglich mit <span style="color: green">alien</span>
<div class="fragment grow highlight-red">NICHT MISCHEN!!</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Nachteile:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Häufige Updates</li>
<li>grosse Downlods bei Updates</li>
<li>ältere Distris manchmal nicht mit neuen Programmen kompatibel</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Jetzt Neu!</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">snappy ( ubuntu ) </li>
<li class="fragment">flatpack</li>
<li class="fragment">Lösen das Problem der unterschiedlichen Abhängigkeiten und Versionen je nach Distro</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>snappy: container mit allem drin</li>
<li>flatpack: ähnlich, und open source ;-)</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
Manche Programme sind nicht als Paket verfügbar. Installation von Hand möglich.
<pre style="background-color:#000">programm.tar.gz</pre>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">-> tar : tape archive</li>
<li class="fragment ">-> gz : zip ( gzip )</li>
<li class="fragment ">gezippter container</li>
<li class="fragment ">nachteil: umgeht Paketverwaltung</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h3>Übungen</h3>
<p> Im Terminal
<ol>
<li>Update des Systems mit apt</li>
<li>Upgrade des Systems mit apt</li>
<li>Liste alle installierten Paketen</li>
<li>Welches sind die momentan aktiven repositories?</li>
</ol>
<div style="font-size:.8em" class="fragment">
<p>Halp!!</p>
<ul >
<li>sudo apt update</li>
<li>sudo apt upgrade</li>
<li>apt list</li>
<li>dpkg --list</li>
<li>less /etc/apt/source.list</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<p>
<pre>
deb http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
Types: deb
URIs: http://ftp.uni-stuttgart.de/debian/
Suites: stretch
Components: main contrib non-free</pre>
</section>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>Das Hilfesystem</h1>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Wie finde ich Hilfe??</h3>
<blockquote>Man muss nicht alles wissen, aber man sollte wissen wo ma n es nachschlagen kann.</blockquote>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Im Internet ;-)</li>
<li class="fragment ">www.debian.org/doc/</li>
<li class="fragment ">wiki.ubuntuusers.de </li>
<li class="fragment ">The Linux Documentaion Project - http://tldp.org/ </li>
<li class="fragment ">&lt;F1&gt; ( nicht im Terminal ) </li>
</ul>
<p class="fragment fade-right ">Ausserdem:::</p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Die man - Pages</h3>
<p > Für (fast) alle Terminal-Programme existiert eine <br><span class="fragment highlight-green">man - Page</span>
</p>
<pre>man sudo </pre>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .8em">
<p>In Linux-Literatur oder auch in den Manpages selbst ist häufig eine man-Nummer hinter dem Kommando angegeben, z.B. less(1), damit der man-Text zielgenau aufgerufen werden kann. <br>Es gibt die Themenbereiche 1 bis 9 und n.
<ol style="font-size: .6em">
<li>Benutzerkommandos</li>
<li>Systemaufruf</li>
<li>Funktionen der Programmiersprache C</li>
<li>Dateiformate</li>
<li>Konfigurationsdateien</li>
<li>Spiele</li>
<li>Diverses</li>
<li>Kommandos zur Systemadministrati</li>
<li>Kernelfunktionen</li>
</ol>
<p>Die Eingabe für den Aufruf von less mit dem Thema (1) sieht so aus:
<pre>man 1 less </pre>
</section>
<section>
<table style="font-size: .5em"><tr class="titel"><td colspan="4">Die Tastenkürzel</td></tr><tr class="kopf"><td>Taste</td><td>Bedeutung</td><td>Taste</td><td>Bedeutung</td></tr><tr><td>
<span class="key"></span> oder
<span class="key">Y</span> </td><td>im Text nach oben scrollen</td><td>
<span class="key"></span> oder
<span class="key">E</span> </td><td>im Text nach unten scrollen</td></tr><tr class="highlight"><td>
<span class="key"></span> </td><td>im Text nach links scrollen</td><td>
<span class="key"></span> </td><td>im Text nach rechts scrollen</td></tr><tr><td>
<span class="key">Bild ↑</span> oder
<span class="key">U</span> oder
<span class="key">B</span> </td><td>im Text seitenweise nach oben scrollen</td><td>
<span class="key">Bild ↓</span> oder
<span class="key">D</span> oder
<span class="key">F</span> </td><td>im Text seitenweise nach unten scrollen</td></tr><tr class="highlight"><td>
<span class="key">G</span> </td><td>zum Textanfang springen</td><td>
<span class="key"></span> +
<span class="key">G</span> </td><td>zum Textende springen</td></tr><tr><td>
<span class="key"></span> +
<span class="key">7</span> </td><td>in den Suchmodus &quot;Vorwärtssuche&quot;</td><td>
<span class="key"></span> +
<span class="key">ß</span> </td><td>in den Suchmodus &quot;Rückwärtssuche&quot;</td></tr><tr class="highlight"><td>
<span class="key">N</span> </td><td>zum nächsten Suchresultat springen</td><td>
<span class="key"></span> +
<span class="key">N</span> </td><td>zum vorherigen Suchresultat springen</td></tr><tr><td>
<span class="key">H</span> </td><td>Hilfetext mit vielen zusätzlichen Tasten und Optionen</td><td>
<span class="key">Q</span> </td><td>Beenden</td></tr></table>
<p><small>https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/man/</small></p>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Die Bash</h2>
</section>
</div>
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 3
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h3>sudo</h3>
<p class="fragment">als root: <code>adduser USER sudo</code></p>
<p class="fragment">Datei /etc/sudoers</p>
<p class="fragment">zu editieren mit visudo</p>
<p class="fragment"><code>daniel ALL=(ALL) ALL</code>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>kurze Wiederholung</h3>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li> In Dateinamen dürfen fast alle möglichen Zeichen auftauchen. Man sollte sich auf Buchstaben, Ziffern und einige Sonderzeichen beschränken.
<li class="fragment">Linux unterscheidet Groß- und Kleinschreibung in Dateinamen.
<li class="fragment"> Absolute Pfade beginnen immer mit einem Schrägstrich und benennen alle Verzeichnisse vom Wurzelverzeichnis bis zum betreffenden Verzeichnis bzw. der Datei.
<li class="fragment">Relative Pfade beziehen sich auf das »aktuelle Verzeichnis«.
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Aboluter Pfad: <code> /home/daniel/Dokumente </code></li>
<li class="fragment">Relativer Pfad: <code> Domukente/rechnungen/2018 </code> </li>
<li class="fragment"> <code>cd</code> ändert das aktuelle Verzeichnis der Shell, <code>pwd</code> zeigt den Pfad des aktuellen.</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>cd .. </code> wechselt 1 Verz. höher</ li>
<li class="fragment"><code>cd ../.. </code> wechselt 2 Verz. höher</ li>
<li class="fragment"><code>cd ../../etc/nginx</code></li>
<li class="fragment"><code>cd / </code> -> Wurzelverzeichnis</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>cd </code> oder <code> cd ~ </code> -> home </li>
<li class="fragment"><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span>Erstellt die Verz. ~/hase/fuchs. Erstellt die Datei ~/hase/fuchs/test.txt. Kopiert die Datei test.txt nach ~. </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li><code>ls</code> gibt Informationen über Dateien und Verzeichnisse aus.</li>
<li class="fragment">Mit <code>mkdir</code> und <code>rmdir</code> kann man Verzeichnisse anlegen oder entfernen.
<li class="fragment">cp, mv, rm - kopieren, verschieben, löschen
<li class="fragment">Mit <code>ln</code> kann man »harte« und »symbolische« Links anlegen.
<li class="fragment"><code>more</code> und <code>less</code> dienen zum seitenweisen Anzeigen von Dateien auf dem Terminal.
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li><code>find</code> sucht nach Dateien oder Verzeichnissen, die bestimmte Kriterien erfüllen.</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>locate</code> findet Dateien nach Name</li>
<li class="fragment">es gibt externe und interne ( builtin )Kommandos</li>
<li class="fragment">interne sind zb. cd und echo</li>
<li class="fragment">externe sind zb alles in <code>/bin </code></li>
<li class="fragment"><code>type</code> gibt Auskunft darüber </li>
<li class="fragment"><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> welcher Art sind <p><code>alias ,echo, rm, test?</code> </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<div>https://www.shellbefehle.de/befehle/</div>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Sonderzeichen: </li>
<li><pre><code class="hljs" data-trim contenteditable>
$&;(){}[]*?!<</code> </pre>
</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>touch neue datei </code> - erzeugt 2 Dateien</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>touch 'neue datei'</code> - erzeugt 1 Datei</li>
<li class="fragment"><code> > </code> leitet Ausgabe um
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>bash Shortcuts</h3>
<table style="font-size: .4em">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Shortcut</th>
<th>Beschreibung</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>TAB</td>
<td>Vervollständige das angefangene Wort</td>
</tr>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>TAB TAB</td>
<td>Zeige Liste der Vervollständigungs-möglickeiten</td>
</tr>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>Ctrl + c</td>
<td>Aktuell laufendes Kommando abbrechen</td>
</tr>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>Ctrl + z</td>
<td>Aktuelles Kommando stoppen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + a</td>
<td>Gehe zum Anfang der Kommandozeile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + e</td>
<td>Gehe zum Ende der Kommandozeile</td>
</tr>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>Ctrl + w</td>
<td>Lösche vom Cursor zum Anfang des Wortes (das aktuelle Wort löschen)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + y</td>
<td>Füge ein gelöschtes wort wieder ein, welches mit einem der shortcuts zum löschen gelöscht wurde</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + xx</td>
<td>Bewege dich zwischen Anfang der Kommandozeile und der aktuellen position des Cursor (hin und zurück)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + f</td>
<td>Ein Zeichen nach vorne</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + b</td>
<td>Ein Zeichen zurück</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + d</td>
<td>Löscht das Zeichen unter dem Cursor</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + h</td>
<td>Löscht das Zeichen vor dem Cursor</td>
</tr>
<tr style="color:red">
<td>Ctrl + r</td>
<td>Durchsucht die History rückwärts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + g</td>
<td>Den History Suchmodus wieder verlassen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + l</td>
<td>Lösche das Kommandozeilenfenster</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + s</td>
<td>Stopt den Output auf die Kommandozeile (Bei langen Kommandos mit viel Output)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ctrl + q</td>
<td>Stellt denn Output in die Kommandozeile wieder her (welcher vorher mit „Ctl + s“ gestoppt wurde)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<aside class="notes">
sind emacs kommandos shortcuts
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>bash Konfiguration</h2>
</section>
<section>
<p>aus der bash man-page:
<pre style="font-size: .4em">
FILES
/bin/bash
The bash executable
/etc/profile
The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
/etc/bash.bashrc
The systemwide per-interactive-shell startup file
/etc/bash.bash.logout
The systemwide login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
~/.bash_profile
The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
~/.bashrc
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
~/.bash_logout
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
~/.inputrc
Individual readline initialization file
</pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>für den Alltag wichtige config files </h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">.bashrc - Konfiguration</li>
<li class="fragment">.bash_aliases - Kommando Aliase</li>
<li class="fragment">.bash_history - Kommando Historie</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
<ul>
<li>kurze erklärung</li>
</ul>
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h3 style="text-transform: none">.bashrc</h3>
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code class="hljs" data-trim contenteditable>
# zusätzlicher pfad für die auto-vervollständigung
export CDPATH=$CDPATH:/home/dany/projekte
# maximale länge der history
HISTSIZE=1000
HISTFILESIZE=2000
HISTTIMEFORMAT="%d-%m-%Y %H:%M "
# promt formatierung
PS1='\[\033[38m\]\u@\h \[\033[94m\]\W\[\033[95m\]$(__git_ps1)\[\033[37m\]$\[\033[00m\] '
</code></pre>
<p><code>export</code> gibt alle gesetzten bash Variablen aus
<p><code>export $VARIABLE</code> setzt die Bash Variable für die laufende Sitzung
</section>
<section>
<h3 style="text-transform: none">.bash_aliases</h3>
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code class="hljs" data-trim contenteditable>
# ls Varianten
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'
#df in lesbar
alias df='df -h'
# Oft gebrauchte Pfade
alias o='cd ~/ownCloud/'
alias p='cd ~/projekte'
# stopwatch
alias timer='echo "Timer started. Stop with Ctrl-D." && date && time cat && date'
# create a dir with date from today
alias mkdd='mkdir $(date +%Y%m%d)'
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> legt ein Alias an, das per mkdir ein Verzeichnis mit evtl. Eltern anlegt;<br> Hinweis: Datei .bash_aliases bearbeiten
<p class="fragment"><code>alias mp='mkdir -p'</code>
<p class="fragment"><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe: </span> Macht die Schriftfarbe des Prompt blau
<p class="fragment"> Hilfe: <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Bash-Prompt_anpassen">https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Bash-Prompt_anpassen </a>
<p class="fragment"><code>PS1="\[\033[34m\]\u@\h:\w$"</code>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>stdin, stdout, stderr - Kanäle der Bash</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Standardeingabekanal <em>stdin</em>, dieser hat die Nummer 0 (null) -> Tastatur</li>
<li class="fragment">Standardausgabekanal <em>stdout</em>, dieser hat die Nummer 1 (eins) -> Bildschirm</li>
<li class="fragment">Standardfehlerkanal <em>stderr</em>, dieser hat die Nummer 2 (zwei). -> Bildschirm</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<p>Ausgabeumleitung</p>
<code>ls -la > inhalt.txt</code>
<p class="fragment highlight-red">Vorsicht! Überschreibt vorh. Datei inhalt.txt!!</p>
<p class="fragment">Zum anhängen: <code>ls -la >> inhalt.txt</code></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Umleitung stderr</p>
<code>ls -la /home/user 2> fehler.txt</code>
<p> <code class="fragment">ls -la > verzeichnis.txt 2> fehler.txt </code>
<p> <code class="fragment">ls -la > gemeinsam.txt 2>&1 </code>
</section>
<section>
<p>Umleitung stdin</p>
<code>tr -d '0-9' < datei.txt </code>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Der Pipe Operator</h3>
<p> <code class="fragment">ps ax | sort -nr </code>
<p> <code class="fragment">dmesg | grep -n USB </code>
<p> <code class="fragment">dmesg | grep -n USB | tail </code>
</section>
<section>
<p><code style="font-size: .5em">dmesg > alle-meldungen.log</code>
<p><code style="font-size: .5em">grep usb < alle-meldungen.log | tail > usb-meldungen.log </code>
</section>
<section>
<p><code style="font-size: .5em">dmesg > alle-meldungen.log</code></p>
<p><code style="font-size: .5em">grep usb < alle-meldungen.log | tail > usb-meldungen.log </code></p>
<p><code style="font-size: .5em">find . -type f -mtime +1 -name "*.log" <span class="fragment highlight-green">-exec zip -m {}.zip {} \; </span><span class="fragment highlight-red"> >/dev/null</span> &</code></p>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>
Reguläre Ausdrücke
</h3>
</section>
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<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 4
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Bash Scripting</h2>
<h3>Einführung und Übung</h3>
<aside class="notes">
Erste skripte, Übungen
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>Bash Scripting - Warum sollte ich das tun??</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Automatisierung</li>
<li class="fragment">Vereinfacht komplizierte Vorgänge</li>
<li class="fragment">Verringert den Fehlerfaktor „Mensch“</li>
<li class="fragment" >YOLO !!1!</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-transition="convex">
<h3>Grundlegende Mechanismen</h3>
</section>
<section>
<p> Begriffe
<table style="font-size: .4em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Wurzelverzeichnis / (engl. root)
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Höchstes Verzeichnis im Verzeichnisbaum
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Das Verzeichnis, in dem Sie sich im Augenblick befinden
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Vollständige Pfadangabe
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Ein Pfadname beginnend mit / (Wurzel); alle anderen Verzeichnisse werden ebenfalls mit einem / getrennt.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Relative Pfadangabe
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Der Pfad ist relativ zum aktuellen Arbeitsverzeichnis; hierbei wird kein voranstehendes / verwendet.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Vollständiger Dateiname
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Pfadangabe inklusive Angabe zur entsprechenden Datei (bspw. /home/you/Dokumente/brief.txt)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext">Vollständiger Pfadname
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Pfadangabe zu einem Verzeichnis, in dem sich die entsprechende Datei befindet (bspw. /home/you/Dokumente)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext"><b>..</b> (zwei Punkte)
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Verweisen auf ein Inhaltsverzeichnis, das sich eine Ebene höher befindet
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tabellentext"><b>. </b>(ein Punkt)
</td>
<td class="tabellentext">Verweist auf das aktuelle Inhaltsverzeichnis
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</section>
<section>
<p> Benennung von scripten
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">(lieber) kein Name, den es bereits als Kommando gibt. Einfach testen mit <pre><code>which script_name</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Nur die Zeichen {A..Z}, {a..z}, {0..9} und _ . Sonderzeichen und [space] vermeiden.</li>
</ul>
<p>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<h3>Sonderzeichen in der Shell
<pre><code>; Befehls-Trennzeichen
& Hintergrund-Verarbeitung
( ) Befehls-Gruppierung
| Pipe
< > & Umlenkungssymbole
* ? [ ] ~ + - @ ! Meta-Zeichen für Dateinamen
` ` (Backticks) Befehls-Substitution
$ Variablen-Substitution
[newline] [space] [tab] Wort-Trennzeichen</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Variablen</h3>
<pre><code> a=hello # einer Variablen "a" den Wert "hello" zuweisen
echo $a # die Variable "a" stdout ausgeben
a=7 # der Variablen "a" einen neuen Wert zuweisen
b=8 # einer Variablen "b" den Wert "8" zuweisen
c=$[a+b] # einer Variablen "c" die Summe von a+b zuweisen
echo $c # die Variable "c" an stdout ausgeben</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>vordefinierte Variablen ( Auszug ;-) )</h3>
<pre><code>* Alle Aufrufparameter als ein String ("$*" == "$1 $2 $3 ...")
@ Alle Aufrufparameter als einzelne Strings ("$@" == "$1" "$2" "$3" ...)
# Anzahl der Aufrufparameter
? Rückgabewert des letzten Kommandos
$ Prozessnummer der aktiven Shell
0 Name des aktuellen script
ERRNO Fehlernummer des letzten fehlgeschlagenen Systemaufrufs
PWD Aktuelles Verzeichnis (wird durch cd gesetzt)
PATH Suchpfade
USER Benutzername</code></pre>
<p>Beispiele
<pre><code>echo $PATH</code></pre>
<pre><code>echo $$</code></pre>
<p><small>Mehr: <a href="http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/shellvars" target="_blank">http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/shellvars</a></small></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Var. Zuweisung: <pre><code>a=10</code></pre>
<p>Var. Abruf: <pre><code>echo $a</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>Programmstart
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Programm startet durch Aufruf : <pre><code>ls</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment">überall im Verz. Baum</li>
<li class="fragment">Script muss executable gemacht werden<pre><code>chmod +x tolles_script.sh</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment">Script startet durch Aufruf<pre><code>./tolles-script.sh</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Damit ein Script wie ein Programm startet:
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Pfad d. Skriptes der $PATH Variable hinzufügen</li>
<li class="fragment "><pre><code>export PATH=$PATH:/pfad/zum/script</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">muss in die .bashrc</li>
<li class="fragment ">Best Practice: Scripte in Ordner <code>~/bin/</code> -> diesen zur <code>$PATH</code> dazu</li>
</ul>
<aside class="notes">
PATH nur in der aktuellen Sizung -> sonst in die .bashrc
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2>Gentlemen, open your Editor! </h2>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em">
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
clear
echo "Diese Infos werden von mysystem.sh bereitgestellt."
echo "Hallo, $USER"
echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"`, dies ist Woche Nr. `date +"%V"`."
echo
echo "Diese Benutzer sind im Moment verbunden:"
w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u
echo
echo "Dies ist `uname -s` und wir laufen auf einem $(uname -m) Prozessor."
echo
echo "Die uptime ist:"
uptime
MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
printf "${MSG}"</code></pre>
<p><small><a href="https://www.schubertdaniel.de/linuxkurs" target="_blank">https://www.schubertdaniel.de/linuxkurs</a></small>
<p><small><a href="https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/raw/master/beispiele/mysystem.sh" target="_blank">https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/raw/master/beispiele/mysystem.sh</a></small>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>echo "Hallo, $USER"</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"` "</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>`uname -s` vs $(uname -s) </code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
printf "${MSG}"</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>Ausführende Shell festlegen ( sog. She-Bang )</p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash</code></pre>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env ruby</code></pre>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3</code></pre>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/php</code></pre>
<span class="fragment">
Nötig, damit die shell weiss, wie das script interpretiert werden soll.</span>
</section>
<section>
Script ohne she-bang:
<pre><code>bash mysql-backpup.sh</code></pre>
<pre><code>. mysql-backpup.sh</code></pre>
<span class="fragment">oder
<pre><code>php mysql-backpup.php</code></pre>
<span class="fragment">oder
<pre><code>ruby mysql-backpup.rb</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>Prozess in der bash - Erklärung:</p>
<div class="fragment">
<p>neue Datei anlegen : finduser </p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
find / -user dany -print 2>/dev/null</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
Dann im Terminal ausführen
<pre><code>dany@laptop:~/bin$ chmod u+x finduser
dany@laptop:~/bin$ ./finduser 1>/dev/null &</code></pre>
<pre><code>dany@laptop:~/bin$ ps -f</code></pre>
</div>
<aside class="notes">
</aside>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em">
<pre><code>UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
dany 4987 23893 0 12:50 pts/4 00:00:00 /bin/bash ./finduser
dany 4988 4987 68 12:50 pts/4 00:00:01 find / -user dany -print
dany 5011 23893 0 12:50 pts/4 00:00:00 ps -f
dany 23893 4143 0 12:33 pts/4 00:00:00 bash
</code></pre>
<p class="fragment "> Die bash startet eine sub-shell, in der das Kommando ausgeführt wird
<p class="fragment "> Der <span class="fragment highlight-red">Kontext</span> aller Script Variablen ist der der <span class="fragment highlight-red">sub-shell</span>
</section>
<section>
<div><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt ein script, das alle Dateien in eurem home in einer tar.gz - Datei archiviert, das Verzeichnis "~/archiv" erstellt, und die tar.gz Datei dorthin verschiebt.<br />
Hinweis: tar -czf .....
<p class="fragment">https://linuxconfig.org/bash-scripting-tutorial</p>
</div>
<div class="fragment"><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
tar -czf myhome_directory.tar.gz /home/$USER
mkdir archiv
mv myhome_directory.tar.gz archiv/
</code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Kontrollstrukturen</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h4>if then </h4>
<img src="img/if_then_else.svg">
</section>
<section><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
cd
ls
if [ -e sample.sh ]
then
echo "file exists!"
else
echo "file does not exist"
fi</code></pre></section>
<section>
<h4>if then elif</h4>
<img src="img/2_if_then_elif_fi.svg">
</section>
<section><pre style="font-size: .35em"><code>#!/bin/bash
cd
ls -l
read -p "Enter a file name: " filename
if [ -e $filename ]
then
echo "file exists!"
if [ -r $filename ]
then
status="readable "
fi
if [ -w $filename ]
then
status=$status"writable "
fi
if [ -x $filename ]
then
status=$status"executable"
fi
echo "file permission: "$status
else
echo "file does not exist"
fi</code></pre></section>
<section>
<h4>for loop</h4>
<img src="img/for.svg">
</section>
<section><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
for f in {1..9}
do
touch "$f xx.txt"
done</code></pre></section>
<section>
Ein weiteres Beispiel:
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
suf=$1
if [ $# -gt 0 ]
then
for file in *.$suf; do
bn=`basename "$file" .$suf | tr [:blank:] _`
new=$bn.$suf
echo "neuer Dateiname:"
echo $new
mv "$file" $new
done
else
echo "Verwendung: strip-space.sh SUFFIX"
echo "Beende ...."
fi
</code></pre>
<aside class="notes">beispiele/create_files_with_spaces.sh</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h4>case</h4>
<img src="img/3_case_var.jpg">
</section>
<section><pre style="font-size: .35em"><code>#!/bin/bash
clear
read -p "Integer1: " int1
read -p "Integer2: " int2
printf "Menu: \n[a] Addition\n[b]Subtraction\n[c]Multiplication\n[d]Division\n"
echo "======================"
read -p "Your choice: " choice
res=0
case $choice in
a)
res=$((int1+int2))
;;
b)
res=$((int1-int2))
;;
c)
res=$((int1*int2))
;;
d)
res=$((int1/int2))
;;
*)
echo "Invalid input"
esac
echo "The result is: " $res</code></pre></section>
<section>
<h4>while loop</h4>
<img src="img/4_while.svg">
</section>
<section><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
x=1
while [ $x -le 5 ]
do
echo "Welcome $x times"
x=$(( $x + 1 ))
done</code></pre></section>
<section>
<h4>until loop</h4>
<img src="img/until.svg">
</section>
<section><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
i=1
until [ $i -gt 6 ]
do
echo "Welcome $i times."
i=$(( i+1 ))
done</code></pre></section>
<section><h3>while vs until</h3>
<ol>
<li>until läuft bis Bedingung nicht 0 (false)</li>
<li>while läuft bis Bedingung 0 (true)</li>
<li>until läuft mind. einmal</li>
</ol>
</section>
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<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 5
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
<h3>LINKS</h3>
<p>http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/complexfunct.html
<p>http://programmingexamples.wikidot.com/bash-scripting#toc24
<div>
- script kontrolle ( strg-z etc )
- input
- parameter
- functions
- kontrollstrukturen
-
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Bash scripting - Fortsetzung</h2>
<h3>Wiederholung</h3>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Variablen</h3>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
x=10 #NICHT x = 10 -> keine Leerzeichen!
X=20 #variablen sind Case Sensitive
$y= #NULL variable
echo "x = $x"
echo "X = $X"
echo "y = $y"
unset x #variable löschen
echo $x</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Kommentare</h3>
<pre><code>
#!/bin/bash
# Diese Zeile ist ein Kommentar
echo "A comment will follow." # Comment here.
echo "The # here does not begin a comment."
echo 'The # here does not begin a comment.'
echo The \# here does not begin a comment.
echo The # here begins a comment.
echo ${PATH#*:} # Parameter substitution, not a comment.
echo $(( 2#101011 )) # Base conversion, not a comment.
</code>
</pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Quoting</h3>
<ul style="font-size: .8em ">
<li class="fragment "><code>" "</code> (Anführungszeichen) Alles zwischen diesen Zeichen ist buchstabengetreu zu interpretieren. Ausnahmen :<code> $ ` " \ </code></li>
<li class="fragment "><code>' ' </code>(Ticks) Alles zwischen diesen Zeichen wird wörtlich genommen, mit Ausnahme eines weiteren <code>'</code>.</li>
<li class="fragment "><code>\</code> (Backslash) Das Zeichen nach einem <code>\</code> wird wörtlich genommen. Anwendung z. B. innerhalb von " ", um ", $ und ` zu entwerten.</li>
<li class="fragment "><code>` `</code> (Backticks) Alles innerhalb wird als Kommando interpretiert.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>$ echo 'Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen'
Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen
$ echo "Ist dies ein \"Sonderfall\"?"
Ist dies ein "Sonderfall"?
$ echo "Sie haben `ls | wc -l` Dateien in `pwd`"
Sie haben 43 Dateien in /home/dany
$ echo "Der Wert von \$x ist $x"
Der Wert von $x ist 100
# Maskierung der Leerstelle mit \
message="hallo Welt"
message=hello\ Welt
</code></pre>
</section>
<section><pre style="font-size: .5em;width: auto">
echo 'So sprach'"'"'s und ging ohne einen Backslash (\) weiter.'
└───┬───┘└┬┘└──────────────────┬─────────────────────┘
│ │ │
│ │ └ Dritter Bereich: Wieder
│ │ von ' umschlossen, der
│ │ Backlash verliert
│ │ seine Sonderbedeutung.
│ │
│ └ Zweiter Bereich: Von " umschlossen, enthält ein
│ einzelnes '.
└ Erster Bereich: Von ' umschlossen.</pre></section>
<section>
<h3>Input - Output redirection</h3>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
# > : output in Datei. Best. Datei wird überschrieben!
ls > file_list
# >> : output an Datei anhängen.
ls -la >> file_list
# < : Kommando Input aus Datei lesen
cat < file_list</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Man kann Kommandos auch verkettten:
<table style="font-size: .5em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td >Kommando1; Kommando2
</td>
<td >fühert die Kommandos hintereinander aus
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td >Kommando1 && Kommando2
</td>
<td >führt Kommando2 aus, wenn kommando1 erfolgreich war
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td >Kommando1 || Kommando2
</td>
<td >führt Kommando2 aus, wenn kommando1 NICHT erfolgreich war
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td >Kommado &
</td>
<td >Führt Kommando im Hintergrund aus
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td >Kommando1 & Kommando2
</td>
<td >startet Kommando1 im Hintergrund, Kommando2 im Vordergrund
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td >( Kommando1; Kommando2 )
</td>
<td >Führt die beiden K. nacheinander in einer Subshell aus
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="fragment"><code>sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
tar cf archiv.tar && rm *.doc || echo "fehler"</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt ein script, das den Inhalt eures home in eine Variable <code>liste</code> schreibt, und gebt den Inhalt dieser Variablen in eine Textdatei <code>liste.txt</code> aus.<br />
Hinweis: ls , tee
<pre class="fragment"><code>#!/bin/bash
OUTFILE="liste.txt"
liste=`ls`
echo $liste > $OUTFILE
#mit tee in einer Zeile
liste=`ls | tee $OUTFILE`
cat $OUTFILE
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h3>exit status</h3>
<pre><code>exit 0</code></pre>
heisst : alles gut gelaufen
<pre><code>exit 1</code></pre>
heisst : kommando fehlgeschlagen
<p> der exit code in scripten kann beliebig gesetzt werden
<p>Standard: exit 0 -> alles fein
</section>
<section>
<h3>Funktionen</h3>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
#Funktions Deklaration:
count () {
ls | wc -l
# ls: Liste aller Objekte im Verzeichnis
# wc: Word-Count; mit Attribut -l werden Zeilen gezählt
# in Verbindung mit ls werden also die
# (nicht versteckten) Objekte gezählt
}
count # Aufruf der Funktion
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>#!/bin/sh
fatal() {
msg=$1
echo "Fatal: $msg"
exit 1
}
[ -d /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp existiert nicht"
[ -w /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp nicht schreibbar"
TMP=/tmp/mydir
[ -d $TMP ] || mkdir $TMP # tmp-Verz. erzeugen, wenn noch nicht vorhanden
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
count2 () {
# überprüfen, ob der erste Parameter ein Verzeichnis ist
if [ -d "$1" ]; then
ls $1 | wc -l
exit 0 # alles OK
else
echo "Ungültiges Verzeichnis: $1"
exit 1 # Fehler
fi
}
count2 "/gibt/es/garnicht" # Aufrufe der Funktion count2
echo "Status: $?"
count2 "/etc"
echo "Status: $?"</code></pre>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .8em">
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt script mit mind einer Funktion das:
<ul>
<li>ein Backup eines Verzeichnisses erstellt</li>
<li>per Parameter den namen des Quell-Verzeichnis erhält</li>
<li>per Parameter den Namen der Zieldatei erhält</li>
<li>einen nützlichen exit code setzt</li>
<li>vielleicht nützliche Meldungen ausgibt</li>
</ul>
<div><p>Tipps:</p>
<ul>
<li>Parameter Übergabe: kommando param1 param2</li>
<li>Parameter Übernahme: param1 = $1 , param2 = $2 etc</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .8em">
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
function file_backup {
echo 'Backup --- building tar File...'
tar -czf $2 $1 || fail "Fehler beim Archiv erstellen"
echo '+DONE'
exit 0
}
fail () {
echo "Fehler! + $1"
exit 1
}
#function call
# file_backup 'backup-quelle' 'backup-ziel.tar.gz'
file_backup $1 $2
</code></pre>
<aside class="notes">
hinzufügen überprüfung ob quelle verz. <br>
überprüfung ob ziel existiert <br>
überpr. ob ziel angelegt <br>
überprüf ob param vorhanden <br>
backup verz anlegen
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Script Kontrolle</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">CTRL + C - Abbbruch</li>
<li class="fragment">CTRL + Z - Pausieren</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>fg</code> - Fortsetzen</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>bg</code> - im Hintergrund Fortsetzen</li>
<li class="fragment">CTRL + D - Eingabe beenden</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Job Control</h4>
<pre><code>
#!/bin/bash
find / -name *lib* 2>/dev/null > libs.txt
# CTRL - Z
jobs
fg
# CTRL - Z
bg
</code></pre>
<aside class="notes">
cat > test.txt<br>
dd<br>
ff<br>
gg<br>
CTRL - D
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>
Integer Berechnungen
let "m = 4 * 1024";echo $m
let "m += 15"
let "m -= 3"
let "m /= 5"
let "m %= 10"
let "m++"
let "m--"
</code></pre>
<pre><code>
Floating Point:
echo "32.0 + 1.4" | bc
echo `expr $m + 18`
m=`expr $m + 18`
(( m *= 4 ))
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>ternary operator
<pre><code>let "k = (m < 9) ? 0 : 1"
condition ? value-if-true : value-if-false</code></pre></section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>Maus ist voll 90er !!</h3>
<a href="https://github.com/agarrharr/awesome-cli-apps">https://github.com/agarrharr/awesome-cli-apps</a>
<a href="https://github.com/alebcay/awesome-shell">https://github.com/alebcay/awesome-shell</a>
</section>
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 6
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h2>vim und emacs</h2>
<h3>Die mächtigen Unix Editoren</h3>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h3>vim</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">ein Editor für die shell </li>
<li class="fragment">immer da, oft in der alten Variante „vi“ </li>
<li class="fragment">Vi IMproved</li>
<li class="fragment">komplett per Kürzel steuerbar </li>
<li class="fragment">umfassend anpassbar </li>
<li class="fragment">erweiterbar </li>
<li class="fragment">syntax highlighting </li>
<li class="fragment">vim ist einfach cool ;-)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Die 5 Level eines Vim Magiers</h3>
<ul>
<li>Level 0: nichts über vim wissen
<li>Level 1: vim basics kennen
<li>Level 2: den visual mode kennen
<li>Level 3: diverse „motions“ kennen
<li>Level 4: den visual mode nicht brauchen
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>vim Basics</h4>
<p>vimtutor
<p>https://danielmiessler.com/study/vim/
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/vi-vim-cheat-sheet.gif">
</section>
<section>
<h3>emacs</h3>
<h4>Escape-Meta-Alt-Control-Shift</h4>
<p>Aus der wikipedia:
<div style="font-size:.8em">
Emacs ist eine Familie von Texteditoren. Die erste Emacs-Implementierung wurde von Richard Stallman (zusammen mit Guy L. Steele, Jr. und anderen) entwickelt. Besonders populär ist heute der GNU Emacs, der durch seine Programmierschnittstelle in der Programmiersprache Emacs Lisp mit beliebigen Erweiterungen ausgestattet werden kann.
GNU Emacs ist als freie Software unter der GNU General Public License erhältlich und läuft auf den meisten heute üblichen Betriebssystemen.
</section>
<section>
<h4>emacs features</h4>
<p style="font-size:.8em"><q>Emacs is a great operating system it lacks a good editor, though.</q> (Thomer M. Gil)</p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Syntax-highlighting</li>
<li class="fragment ">Kalender</li>
<li class="fragment ">News-Reader</li>
<li class="fragment ">Integrierte Shell</li>
<li class="fragment ">FTP Client</li>
<li class="fragment ">Webbrowser</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<img src="img/emacs_learning_curves.png">
</section>
<section>
<h4>Emacs Konzept</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">sog. Modes</li>
<li class="fragment ">Modes bringen spezielle Funktionalität</li>
<li class="fragment ">Major-Modes: Abhängig von Dateityp</li>
<li class="fragment ">zb. automatisches schliessen von tags ( HTML )</li>
<li class="fragment ">zb. automatisches Einrücken ( Python )</li>
<li class="fragment ">Minor-Modes: </li>
<li class="fragment ">zb. Markierung von Schreibfehlern</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>emacs Kürzel</h4>
<pre> C-f ein Zeichen vorwärts (auch »Pfeil rechts«-Taste)
C-b ein Zeichen zurück (auch »Pfeil links«-Taste)
M-f ein Wort vorwärts
M-b ein Wort zurück
C-n eine Zeile vorwärts (auch »Pfeil hinunter«-Taste)
C-p eine Zeile zurück (auch »Pfeil hinauf«-Taste)
C-a zum Zeilenanfang
C-e zum Zeilenende
M-a zum Satzanfang
M-e zum Satzende
C-x C-c emacs beenden
</pre>
<aside class="notes">
jetzt emacs tutorial starten:: C-h t
</aside>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<html lang="de">
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<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 7
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="lightblue" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2 style="text-shadow: 5px 4px 15px black;">Einstieg in die Systemverwaltung</h2>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 0 - Zugrifssrechte </h2>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>~$ ls -l
drwxr-xr-x 2 dany dany 4096 Nov 14 09:03 backup/
-rw-r--r-- 1 dany dany 845 Jul 24 13:45 .bash_aliases
-rw------- 1 dany dany 32726 Jan 15 15:08 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 dany dany 2410 Nov 13 12:14 .bashrc
drwxr-xr-x 2 dany dany 4096 Jan 15 16:05 Bilder/
drwxr-xr-x 6 dany dany 4096 Nov 15 15:38 bin/
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>drwxr-xr-x 6 dany dany 4096 Nov 15 15:38 bin/</code></pre>
<p style="font-size: .6em">erstes Zeichen: Filetype ( hier „d“ für directory )</p>
<table style="font-size: .6em" >
<caption>
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: left">Three permission triads
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">first triad</td>
<td>what the owner can do
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">second triad</td>
<td>what the group members can do
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">third triad</td>
<td>what other users can do
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="text-align: left">Each triad
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">first character</td>
<td><tt>r</tt>: readable
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">second character</td>
<td><tt>w</tt>: writable
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;">third character</td>
<td><tt>x</tt>: executable<br><tt>s</tt> or <tt>t</tt>: <a href="/wiki/Setuid" title="Setuid">setuid</a>/<a href="/wiki/Setgid" class="mw-redirect" title="Setgid">setgid</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sticky_bit" title="Sticky bit">sticky</a> (also executable)<br><tt>S</tt> or <tt>T</tt>: setuid/setgid or sticky (not executable)
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Beispiele</h4>
<pre><code> drwx------ 6 archie users 4096 Jul 5 17:37 Documents </code></pre>
<p style="font-size:.5em">
Benutzer archie darf: lesen schreiben ausführen, Inhalt auflisten
</p>
<div class="fragment">
<pre><code> dr-x------ 6 archie users 4096 Jul 5 17:37 Documents </code></pre>
<p style="font-size:.5em">
Benutzer archie darf: lesen ausführen, Inhalt auflisten
</p>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<pre><code> d-wx------ 6 archie users 4096 Jul 5 17:37 Documents </code></pre>
<p style="font-size:.5em">
Benutzer archie darf: in das Verz. Dateien schreiben, Dateien listen/öffnen deren Namen er kennt
</p>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<pre><code> d--x------ 6 archie users 4096 Jul 5 17:37 Documents </code></pre>
<p style="font-size:.5em">
Benutzer archie darf: Dateien listen/öffnen deren Namen er kennt
</p>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<pre><code> -rw-r--r-- 1 archie users 5120 Jun 27 08:28 foobar </code></pre>
<p style="font-size:.5em">
Benutzer archie darf: lesen/schreiben; Alle anderen dürfen lesen
</p>
</div>
<aside class="notes">
ls -l <br>
ls -n
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Spezialrechte</h4>
<div class="fragment">
<h5>Das das s-Bit (auch Setuid/Setgid-Bit genannt)</h5>
<pre><code>~$ ls -l /usr/bin/passwd
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 54224 Aug 21 2017 /usr/bin/passwd*
</code></pre>
</dir>
<div class="fragment">
<h5> das t-Bit (auch Sticky-Bit genannt )</h5>
<pre><code>~$ ls -ld /tmp/
drwxrwxrwt 18 root root 114688 Jan 16 20:29 /tmp//</code></pre>
</dir>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Rechte ändern</h4>
<p><code>chmod</code> - ändert Zugriffsrechte
<p><code>chown</code> - ändert Datei / Verz. Besitzer
<p><code>chgrp</code> - ändert die Ben. Gruppe
<p><code>umask</code> - zeigt und setzt default Rechte
</section>
<section>
<h4>chmod</h4>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod +x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod a+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod u+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod ug+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod -x verzeichnis</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod -r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod ugo-r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod a-r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>oktale Rechte-Notation</h4>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod +x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod 755 mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<table class="fragment"><tbody><tr><td> Recht </td><td> Wert </td><td> </td><td> Recht </td><td> Wert </td></tr><tr><td> Lesen </td><td> 4 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Set-UID </td><td> 4 </td></tr><tr><td> Schreiben </td><td> 2 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Set-GID </td><td> 2 </td></tr><tr><td> Ausführen </td><td> 1 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Sticky </td><td> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod 4755 skript.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>
7 5 5
rwx r-x r-x
user group others </code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>chown</h4>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe users mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe. mein-script.sh</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>chown root mein-script.sh</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div class="fragment">
<h4>chgrp</h4>
<pre><code>chgrp users mein-script.sh</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="fragment">
<h4>umask</h4>
<pre><code>umask -S</code></pre>
<p style="font-size: .6em">Gibt an welche Rechte von den Standard-Rechten abgezogen werden.<br> 0666 für Dateien, 0777 für Verz.</p>
<p style="font-size: .6em">0666 - 0022 = 0644</p>
</div>
<aside class=notes>
nautilus öffnen - rechte ansehen
</aside>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt ein neues Verzeichnis "test". In diesem Verzeichnis eine Datei <code>foo.bar</code>. Ändert den Besitzer des Verz. auf root. Entzieht dem Verzeichnis die Leserechte für alle ausser den Besitzer. Versucht die Datei zu löschen.
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 1 - Benutzerverwaltung </h2>
</section>
<section>
<p>Es gibt 3 Arten von Benutzern:</p>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">normale Benuzter</li>
<li class="fragment">root</li>
<li class="fragment">System-Benutzer</li>
</ul>
<div class="fragment">Systembenutzer dienen als Besitzer von Diensten; anmelden als solche nicht möglich.<br> zB meist <code>www-data</code> für apache</div>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Befehle zur Nutzerverwaltung</h4>
<table style="font-size: .7em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>adduser</td>
<td>fügt einen neuen Nutzer hinzu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>adduser --system</td>
<td>fügt einen neuen System-Nutzer hinzu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>addgroup</td>
<td>fügt eine neue System-Grupppe hinzu</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>deluser</td>
<td>löscht ein Nutzerkonto - NICHT sein home-Verz.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>usermod</td>
<td>ändert ein Nutzerkonto ( zb Gruppen, home-Verz., ... )</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Wichtige Dateien</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">/etc/passwd</li>
<li class="fragment">/etc/shadow</li>
<li class="fragment">/etc/group</li>
<li class="fragment">/etc/adduser.conf</li>
<li class="fragment">/etc/skel/*</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4><code>/etc/passwd</code></h4>
<pre style="font-size: .5em"><code>
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
.....
sshd:x:111:65534::/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
lightdm:x:112:116:Light Display Manager:/var/lib/lightdm:/bin/false
pulse:x:113:117:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/bin/false
Debian-gdm:x:117:123:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm3:/bin/false
dany:x:1000:1000:dany,,,:/home/dany:/bin/bash
</code></pre>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .5em">
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Benutzername : Passwort : UID : GID : Info : Heimatverzeichnis : Shell</strong><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Benutzername</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Dies ist der Benutzername in druckbare Zeichen, meistens in
Kleinbuchstaben.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Passwort</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Hier steht verschlüsselt das Passwort des Benutzers (bei
alten Systemen). Meist finden Sie dort ein <strong>x</strong>. Dies bedeutet,
dass das Passwort verschlüsselt in der Datei <font face="courier" color="#277717">/etc/shadow</font> steht.
Es ist auch möglich, den Eintrag leer zu lassen. Dann erfolgt die
Anmeldung ohne Passwortabfrage (in der Datei <font face="courier" color="#277717">/etc/shadow</font> muss
dann an Stelle des verschlüsselten Passwortes ein <font face="courier" color="#277717">*</font>
stehen).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>UID</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Die <strong>Benutzer-ID</strong> des Benutzers. Die Zahl hier sollte größer als
100 sein, weil die Zahlen unter 100 für Systembenutzer
vorgesehen sind. Weiterhin muss die Zahl aus technischen
Gründen kleiner als 64000 sein.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>GID</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Die <strong>Gruppen-ID</strong> des Benutzers. Auch hier muss die Zahl wie bei
der UID kleiner als 64000 sein.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Info</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Hier kann weitere Information vermerkt werden, wie z.B. der
vollständige Name des Benutzers und persönliche Angaben
(Telefonnummer, Abteilung, Gruppenzugehörigkeit u.ä.).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Heimatverzeichnis</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Das Heimatverzeichnis des Benutzers bzw. das
Startverzeichnis nach dem Login.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Shell</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Die Shell, die nach der Anmeldung gestartet
werden soll. Bleibt dieses Feld frei, dann wird die Standardshell
<font face="courier" color="#aa5522">/bin/sh</font> gestartet.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</section>
<section>
<h4><code>/etc/shadow</code></h4>
<pre style="font-size: .5em"><code>root:$6$j6bEnUnp$Vzb1mclygHlBegoYUC.DWZXvlqgokFyy7pAfFf6DqjG56hG.RzVM7BqqVl9To/2DwNqEn7Qg4SkoNliETWMIr0:17688:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
www-data:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
backup:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
list:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
nobody:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
systemd-timesync:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
systemd-network:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
systemd-resolve:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
systemd-bus-proxy:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
Debian-gdm:*:17672:0:99999:7:::
dany:$6$.Khjr2r.$6N6IJScbUcGApBT6jiWLrtkey3Mlnu6oMiCUsnrYk.T8.WpNfMrlbHOmTHAv85UchwKZ3VIlt2G9TApaUmu7j/:17672:0:99999:7:::
</code></pre>
<p><code>/etc/gshadow</code> : analog für Gruppen
</section>
<section style="font-size: .5em">
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Benutzername : Passwort : DOC : MinD : MaxD : Warn : Exp : Dis : Res</strong><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Benutzername</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Dies ist der Benutzername in druckbaren Zeichen, meistens in
Kleinbuchstaben.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Passwort</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Hier steht verschlüsselt das Passwort des Benutzers. Wenn
hier ein <strong>*</strong> oder <strong>!</strong> steht, dann bedeutet
dies, dass kein Passwort vorhanden bzw. eingetragen ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>DOC</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Day of last change</strong>: der Tag, an dem das Passwort zuletzt
geändert wurde. Besonderheit hier: Der Tag wird als Integer-Zahl in
Tagen seit dem 1.1.1970 angegeben.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>MinD</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Minimale Anzahl der Tage, die das Passwort gültig ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>MaxD</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Maximale Anzahl der Tage, die das Passwort gültig ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Warn</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Die Anzahl der Tage vor Ablauf der Lebensdauer, ab der vor
dem Verfall des Passwortes zu warnen ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Exp</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Hier wird festgelegt, wieviele Tage das Passwort trotz
Ablauf der MaxD noch gültig ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Dis</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Bis zu diesem Tag (auch hier wird ab dem 1.1.1970 gezählt)
ist das Benutzerkonto gesperrt
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Res</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Reserve</strong>, dieses Feld hat momentan keine Bedeutung.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</section>
<section>
<h4><code>/etc/group</code></h4>
<pre style="font-size: .5em"><code>cdrom:x:24:dany
floppy:x:25:dany
tape:x:26:
sudo:x:27:dany
audio:x:29:pulse,dany
dip:x:30:dany
www-data:x:33:
pulse-access:x:118:
scanner:x:119:saned,dany
avahi:x:120:
colord:x:121:
saned:x:122:
Debian-gdm:x:123:
dany:x:1000:dany
vboxusers:x:124:dany
docker:x:999:dany
</code></pre>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .5em">
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong> Gruppenname : Passwort : GID : Benutzernamen (Mitgliederliste)</strong><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellspacing="5">
<tbody><tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Gruppenname</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Der Name der Gruppe in druckbare Zeichen, auch hier
meistens Kleinbuchstaben.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Passwort</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
Die Besonderheit hier ist folgende: Wenn das Passwort
eingerichtet ist, können auch Nichtmitglieder der
Gruppe Zugang zu den Daten der Gruppe erhalten, wenn
ihnen das Passwort bekannt ist. Ein <strong>x</strong> sagt hier aus,
das das Passwort in <font face="courier" color="#277717">/etc/gshadow</font> abgelegt ist.
Der Eintrag kann
auch entfallen, dann ist die Gruppe nicht durch ein
Passwort geschützt. In diesem Fall kann jedoch auch
kein Benutzer in die Gruppe wechseln, der nicht in diese Gruppe
eingetragen ist.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>GID</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Gruppen-ID</strong> der Gruppe
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<strong>Benutzernamen</strong>
</td>
<td valign="top">
hier werden die Mitglieder der Gruppe
eingetragen. Diese sind durch ein einfaches Komma
getrennt.
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><code>dialout:x:16:root,tatiana,steuer,selflinux</code>
</section>
<section>
<h4><code>/etc/skel</code></h4>
Inhalt dieses Verzeichnises wird Inhalt neu erstellter Benutzer.
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt eine neue Gruppe "test" und einen neuen Benutzer "test-user" in der bash. Er soll Mitglied de Gruppe "test" sein. Das Home Verzeichnis soll sein in "/var/www/html/test". Der Account soll in 14 Tagen ablaufen.
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 3 - Prozessverwaltung</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Kommandos zur Prozessverwaltung</h4>
<p><code>ps</code> - zeigt laufende Prozesse an
<p><code>top</code> - Taskmanger, oder so ähnlich
<p><code>pidof</code> - ermittelt Prozess ID anhand d. Namen
<p><code>pstree</code> - zeigt Prozessbaum
<p><code>kill</code> - ....
<p><code>xkill</code> - kill per click
<p><code>nice, renice</code> - manipulation der Prozess-Priorität
</section>
<section>
<div >
<p>Wat'n dat??
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
:(){ :|:& };:</code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<section><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
# Forkbomb ;-)
bombe (){
bombe | bombe&
}
bombe
</code></pre>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 8
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section>
https://www.schubertdaniel.de/linuxkurs
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="lightblue" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2 style="text-shadow: 5px 4px 15px black;">Systemverwaltung</h2>
</section>
<section>
Begriff: daemon
<p>Ein Systemdienst der automatisch startet und ohne Eingriffe arbeitet ( meistens :-) )
<p>vgl. Dienste unter Windows
<p>Name endet oft mit „d“
<ul>
<li>systemd - ...
<li>sshd - SSH Server Daemon
<li>dockerd - docker daemon
<li>smbd - SAMBA File Server
<li>ntpd - Network Time Protocal Daemon
<li>atd - at Daemon
</section>
<section style="">
<p>Begriff: Runlevel</p>
<table class="prettytable" style=" font-size: .4em; border:solid 2px #677089;">
<tbody><tr style="">
<th style="line-height:2.5em;">Runlevel</th>
<th>Beschreibung
</th></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">0
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Shutdown. Alle Netzverbindungen werden geschlossen, Dateipuffer werden geschrieben, Mounts auf Partitionen werden entfernt (d.&nbsp;h. die im Verzeichnisbaum eingebundenen Datenträger werden ausgehängt).
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">S
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Single-User-Runlevel; niedrigster Systemzustand für Wartungsarbeiten, in dem ausschließlich Systemressourcen wie <a href="/wiki/Festplatten" class="mw-redirect" title="Festplatten">Festplatten</a> oder <a href="/wiki/Dateisystem" title="Dateisystem">Dateisysteme</a> aktiv sind.
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">1
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Einzelnutzerbetrieb ohne Netzwerk mit ausschließlich lokalen Ressourcen. In vielen Implementierungen identisch mit 'S'.
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">2
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Lokaler Mehrnutzerbetrieb ohne Netzwerk mit ausschließlich lokalen Ressourcen. Unter einigen Linuxdistributionen (z.&nbsp;B. Debian) wird in Runlevel 2 auch das Netzwerk konfiguriert.
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">3
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Netzwerkbetrieb, über das Netzwerk erreichbare Ressourcen sind nutzbar, eine grafische Oberfläche steht nicht zur Verfügung. Firewalls sollten aktiviert werden.
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">4
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Ist normalerweise nicht definiert. Kann aber für diverse Dienste genutzt werden.
</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:solid 2px #AAAAAA;">
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">5
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Wie 3, zusätzlich wird die grafische Oberfläche bereitgestellt.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center;font-weight:bold;">6
</td>
<td style="padding:4px 8px;line-height:118%;">Reboot. Alle Netzverbindungen werden geschlossen, Dateipuffer werden geschrieben, Mounts auf Partitionen werden entfernt.
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 5 - systemd</h2>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li class="">Relativ neu
<li class="fragment">bricht mit alter Linux Philosophie:<br> -- do one thing and do it well --
<li class="fragment">Sysvinit funktioniert über Shell Scripte, die nacheinander abgearbeitet werden
<li class="fragment">Systemd ist schneller - startet Dienste parallel
<li class="fragment">Kritik : übernimmt sehr viel Kontrolle - single point of failure
<li class="fragment">zB Gnome3 ist abhängig von systemd
<li class="fragment">-->Abspaltungen: Devuan - nutzt weiterhin Sysvinit
<li class="fragment">Standard in : Debian RedHat Suse Ubuntu
</section>
<section>
<h4>Der Boot-Ablauf mit systemd</h4>
<img style="max-height: 50vh" src="img/startup-systemd.png">
<p><small> Das initramfs ist ein komprimiertes Archiv, das für den Systemstart benötigte Dateien enthält.</small>
</section>
<section>
<p>systemd ist organisiert mit
<ul>
<li class="fragment">units - einzelne Dienste
<li class="fragment">targets - Gruppen von Diensten, Systemzustände
<ul><li>entspr. runlevel unter Sysvinit</li></ul>
</ul>
<p>
<div class="fragment">
Dateien:
<p>/lib/systemd/system/ -> default
<p>/etc/systemd/system/ -> custom
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Informationen anzeigen</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Systemstatus anzeigen:<pre><code>systemctl status</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Liste der fehlgeschlagenene Units <pre><code>systemctl --failed</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Liste aller installierter Units<pre><code>systemctl list-unit-files</code></pre></li>
</section>
<section>
<div>Default Target<pre><code>systemctl get-default</code></pre></div>
<div class="fragment ">Alle Targets<pre><code>systemctl list-units --type target</code></pre></div >
</section>
<section>
<h4>Ensprechenungen der alten Runlevel und der neuen Targets</h4>
<table class="wikitable" style="font-size:.4em">
<tbody><tr>
<th>SysV Runlevel</th>
<th>systemd Target</th>
<th>Notes
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>runlevel0.target, poweroff.target</td>
<td>Halt the system.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>1, s, single</td>
<td>runlevel1.target, rescue.target</td>
<td>Single user mode.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2, 4</td>
<td>runlevel2.target, runlevel4.target, multi-user.target</td>
<td>User-defined/Site-specific runlevels. By default, identical to 3.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>runlevel3.target, multi-user.target</td>
<td>Multi-user, non-graphical. Users can usually login via multiple consoles or via the network.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>runlevel5.target, graphical.target</td>
<td>Multi-user, graphical. Usually has all the services of runlevel 3 plus a graphical login.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>runlevel6.target, reboot.target</td>
<td>Reboot
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>emergency</td>
<td>emergency.target</td>
<td>Emergency shell
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Dienste Steuern</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Laufende Dienste anzeigen:<pre><code>systemctl</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Eine Unit starten <pre><code>systemctl start DIENST</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Eine Unit neu starten<pre><code>systemctl restart DIENST</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Unit Status anzeigen<pre><code>systemctl status DIENST</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Dienst Autostart anschalten<pre><code>systemctl enable DIENST</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Dienst Autostart anschalten und sofort starten<pre><code>systemctl enable --now DIENST</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment ">Dienst Autostart abschalten<pre><code>systemctl disable DIENST</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Eine unit</h3>
<code style="font-size: .4em">/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service</code>
<pre style="font-size: .4em"><code>[Unit]
Description=OpenBSD Secure Shell server
After=network.target auditd.service
ConditionPathExists=!/etc/ssh/sshd_not_to_be_run
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/default/ssh
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/sshd -t
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/sshd -D $SSHD_OPTS
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/sshd -t
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=255
Type=notify
RuntimeDirectory=sshd
RuntimeDirectoryMode=0755
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=sshd.service
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt eine Unit und startet sie.<p>
<div class="fragment">
<code style="font-size: .5em">https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Writing_unit_files<br>/etc/systemd/system/simple-webserver.service</code>
<pre><code>[Unit]
Description=Simple Web Server
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/home/USERNAME-HIER-EINSETZEN/hello-web.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
</code></pre>
<code style="font-size: .5em">~/hello-web.sh</code>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
cd /home/
python3 -m http.server 8082 </code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>systemctl start simple-webserver.service</code></pre>
<pre><code>systemctl status simple-webserver.service</code></pre>
Wenn das gescheitert sein sollte:
<pre><code>journalctl -xe </code></pre>
<pre><code>journalctl --unit=simple-webserver.service </code></pre>
</section>
<section>Browser öffnen: <code>http://localhost:8082/BENUTZERNAME</code>
<aside class="notes">der simple webserver ist praktisch zum dateien teilen</aside></section>
<section><h4>Ändern der Standard-Units</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment "> <pre><code>systemctl edit unit</code></pre></li>
<li class="fragment "> Öffnet <code>/etc/systemd/system/unit.d/override.conf</code></li>
<li class="fragment "> Aktualiseren <code>systemctl daemon-reload </code></li>
<li class="fragment ">UnDo: <pre><code>systemctl revert unit</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
timer als cron Ersatz
<pre><code>systemctl list-timers --all</code></pre>
<div class="fragment">die Timer Datei muss den selben namen haben wie das Unit-File<p><code>toller-dienst.service</code><p><code>toller-dienst.timer</code></div>
<aside class="notes">
timer datei ansehen
</aside>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em ">
<span style="color: orange; ">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt einen Service, der alle 5 Minuten omikron.net pingt. Die Zeitplanung soll mit systemd timer umgesetzt werden. Die Ausgabe soll nach /var/log/omikron-ping.log geschrieben werden.<p>https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Timers
<p>
<code>/bin/ping-omikron.sh</code>
<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
date &>> /var/log/ping-omikron.log
ping -c 3 omikron.net &>> /var/log/ping-omikron.log
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<code style="font-size: .5em">/etc/systemd/system/ping-omikron.timer</code>
<pre><code>[Unit]
Description=Ping Omikron Timer
[Timer]
OnActiveSec=30s
OnUnitActiveSec=5m
Persistent=true
[Install]
WantedBy=basic.target
</code></pre>
<code style="font-size: .5em">/etc/systemd/system/ping-omikron.service</code>
<pre><code>[Unit]
Description=Ping Omikron Unit
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/PFAD/ZU/ping-omikron.sh
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>journalctl</h4>
<pre><code>journalctl</code></pre>
<pre><code>journalctl -xe</code></pre>
<pre><code>journalctl --unit=backup.service </code></pre>
<aside class="notes">man journalctl</aside>
</section>
<section><a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/system_administrators_guide/sect-managing_services_with_systemd-targets">Nützliche sytemd Targets</a>
<p>https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/system_administrators_guide/sect-managing_services_with_systemd-targets</section>
<section>
<h4>timedatectl</h4>
Die Zeit mit systemd einstellen.
<p>https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Systemzeit/
<pre><code>sudo timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Berlin </code></pre>
<pre><code>sudo timedatectl set-time 2019-28-02 19:01 </code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Vorteile / Nachteile zu cron:</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Nachteil: 2 Dateien müssen angelegt werden</li>
<li class="fragment ">Vorteil: Besser steuerbar, Logs landen im systemd-journal</li>
<li class="fragment ">Das ist die Zukunft</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .6em">
<p>Bemerkungen:
<p>Systemd ist rückwärtskompatibel zu Sysvinit.<br> Alte init Befehle werden von systemd verstanden, sind teilweise noch in Benutzung
<p>init-scripte sind in <code>/etc/init.d/</code> zu finden
<pre><code>sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start </code></pre>
<p>Die logs landen weiterhin zusätzlich in /var/log/
<p>ein weiteres init-System : Upstart -> eingestellt
<aside class="notes">
cat /etc/init.d/apache2<br>
cat /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 7 - Dateisysteme</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Benennung von Datenträgern</h4>
<p>Festplatten / USB Sticks
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/sda - Erste Festplatte</li>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/sdb - zweite FP</li>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/sda1 - erste Partition auf erster FP</li>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/sdb2 - 2. P. auf 2. FP.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<p>externe Laufwerke
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/scd0 od. /dev/sr0 - erstes CD / DVD Laufwerk</li>
<li class="fragment ">/dev/scd1 od. /dev/sr1 - zweites CD / DVD Laufwerk</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section><pre><code>lsblk</code></pre>
<pre><code>NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 489,1G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 63,1G 0 part /
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
├─sda5 8:5 0 407,3G 0 part /home
├─sda6 8:6 0 9,4G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda7 8:7 0 9,2G 0 part /tmp
sdb 8:16 0 298,1G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 298,1G 0 part /home/dany
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
sr1 11:1 1 1024M 0 rom
</code></pre></section>
<section>Reihenfolge kann sich beim Umstecken ändern.<br>For the rescue: UUID
<pre><code>ls -Lr /dev/disk/</code></pre></section>
<section>fstab, partitionieren, mounten</section>
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<html lang="de">
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 9
<p>
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
</aside>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="lightblue" data-background-transition="zoom">
<h2 style="text-shadow: 5px 4px 15px black;">Systemverwaltung</h2>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h2>Part 7 - Dateisysteme Fortsetzung</h2>
</section>
<section>
Partitionen mit systemd mounten
<img src="img/suprised-cat.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<code>/etc/systemd/system/mnt-backups.mount</code>
<pre><code>[Unit]
Description=Mount System Backups Directory
[Mount]
What=/dev/disk/by-uuid/86fef3b2-bdc9-47fa-bbb1-4e528a89d222
Where=/mnt/backups
Type=ext4
Options=defaults
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target</code></pre>
<pre><code>systemctl start mnt-backups.mount </code></pre>
<pre><code>systemctl status mnt-backups.mount </code></pre>
<div class="fragment">Mount Units müssen heissen wie das mount point Verzeichnis.: <br><code>/mnt/backups -> mnt-backups.mount</code></div>
<aside class="notes">die Jungs das mache nlassen</aside>
</section>
<section>
<h4>ISO Mounten - Bootstick machen</h4>
<div style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</div>
<ul style="font-size: .8em">
<li class="">Ladet das aktuelle DVD Image von Knoppix herunter.</li>
<li>http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/</li>
<li class=" ">Verifiziert den Download anhand der sha1 checksum.</li>
<li><pre><code>sha1sum -c datei.sha1</code></pre></li>
<li class=" ">Mountet es im Verzeichnis ~/knoppix.</li>
<li class=" "><pre><code>sudo mount -o loop .....</code></pre></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
Erstellt einen Bootbaren USB-Stick aus dem Image mit <code>dd</code>
<pre><code>sudo dd if=KNOPPIX.iso of=/dev/USBSTICK bs=2MB status=progress</code></pre>
<span style="color: red">ACHTUNG: Ziel überprüfen!!1!</span>
<p>
<span style="color: green">Versucht ob der Bootstick bootet ;-)</span>
<p style="font-size: .6em">https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Image-Erstellung_mit_dd
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>quota</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Beschränkung von :
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Speicherplatz</li>
<li class="fragment ">Anzahl der Dateien</li>
</ul>
<li class="fragment ">per User oder per Group</li>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<div> Übung: Einrichten von Quotas auf einem isolierten Dateisystem</div>
</section>
<section><pre><code>sudo apt-get install quota</code></pre></section>
<section style="font-size:.9em">
<p>Verzeichnisse erstellen
<pre><code>sudo mkdir /quota
sudo mkdir -p /usr/disk-img
</code></pre>
<p>Erstellen einer 20 MB grossen Datei.<br>Dient als isoliertes Dateisystem.
<pre><code>
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/disk-img/disk-quota.ext3 count=40960
</code></pre>
dd benutzt eine block size von 512 bytes. 40960*512=20971520.
<pre><code>ls -lh /usr/disk-img/disk-quota.ext3</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div>Formatieren der Datei als ext3
<pre><code>sudo mkfs -t ext3 -q /usr/disk-img/disk-quota.ext3 -F </code></pre>
<div>in die /etc/fstab
<pre style="width: 80vw"><code>/usr/disk-img/disk-quota.ext3 /quota ext3 rw,loop,usrquota,grpquota 0 0 </code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div>mounten
<pre><code>sudo mount /quota</code></pre>
<div>prüfen
<pre><code>grep 'quota' /proc/mounts</code></pre>
<pre><code>mount | grep '/quota'</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<div>Gruppe erstellen, Benutzer hinzufügen
<pre><code>sudo groupadd quotagrp
sudo usermod -aG quotagrp USERNAME </code></pre>
<div>Verzeichnis erstellen, Rechte setzen
<pre><code>sudo mkdir -p /quota/share
sudo chown -R root.quotagrp /quota/share
sudo chmod 2775 /quota/share
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>ls -ld /quota/share
drwxrwsr-x 2 root quotagrp 1024 Jul 19 15:16 /quota/share/
^---------- beachtet das s, setgid bit, von chmod 2775</code></pre>
Damit die neuen Rechte wirksam werden muss der betr. User neu angemeldet werden, oder:
<pre><code>su - USER</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
2 Dateien als quota konfiguration erstellen : aquota.group aquota.user
<pre><code>sudo quotacheck -cug /quota</code></pre>
Quota bearbeiten:
<pre><code>sudo edquota -f /quota USER</code></pre>
<pre><code>Disk quotas for user USER (uid 500):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/loop0 0 100 200 0 10 15
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<p>Quota einschalten:
<pre><code>sudo quotaon</code></pre>
<p>Quota prüfen:
<pre><code>sudo quotaon -p -a</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
Dateien anlegen:
<pre><code>~$ for i in $(seq 20); do touch "/quota/share/file_$i"; done</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>~$ sudo quota USER</code></pre>
<pre class="fragment"><code>~$ sudo repquota /quota</code></pre>
</section>
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
<h4>Was für Dateisysteme gibt es denn jetzt??</h4>
</section>
<section>
Wir nutzen heutzutage sog. journaling Filesysteme. <br>Jede Operation wird in das „Journal“ geschrieben, ausgeführt, anhand des Journals überprüft.<br> Erlaubt schnelle Konsistenzprüfung nach zB Stromausfall.
</section>
<section>
<p>einige Dateisysteme sehen regelmässige Überprüfung beim Systemstart vor. Passiert nach einer gewisse Anzahl von mounts ( einstellbar mit <code>tune2fs</code>
)
<pre><code>sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | egrep -i 'check|mount count'</code></pre>
<p>fsck nur mögl. bei ausgehängten Partitionen. Erzwinge Prüfung d. Systempartition bei Start mit Datei <code>/forcefsck</code>
</section>
<section style="font-size: .7em">
<h4>Dateiysteme</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">ext2, ext3, ext4
<ul>
<li class="fragment "> Ext4 max. Dateigrösse: 16 TByte</li>
<li class="fragment "> Ext4 max. Partitions-Grösse: 1024 PByte</li>
</ul></li>
<li class="fragment ">btrfs
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">Snapshots</li>
<li class="fragment ">Internes RAID</li>
<li class="fragment ">grösse lässt sich im Betrieb ändern</li>
<li class="fragment ">Subvolumes</li>
<li class="fragment ">Datei-Kompression</li>
<li class="fragment ">Copy-on-Write: geänd. Daten werden als Kopie geschrieben</li>
<li class="fragment ">max 16 Exabyte </li>
</ul></li>
<li class="fragment ">xfs - speziell für sehr grosse Dateien</li>
<li class="fragment ">zfs - gilt als Maßstab; aktuell Lizenz Probleme.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>windows / OSX</h4>
<ul>
<li class="">fat32 / vfat - gebr. für SD-Karten / USB Sticks</li>
<li class="fragment ">exfat - weiterentw. v. vfat - Linux ben. Treiber</li>
<li class="fragment ">ntfs - Windoes..</li>
<li class="fragment ">hfs - OS X - Linux kann lesen, schreiben nur wenn journaling aus</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>CD / DVD</h4>
<ul>
<li class=" ">iso9660</li>
<li class="fragment ">udf - häufig bei DVDs</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Netzwerkdateisysteme</h4>
<ul>
<li class="">nfs - Network File System; nur Linux</li>
<li class="fragment ">smbfs / cifs - Windows- und Samba-Freigaben</li>
<li class="fragment ">sshfs - Einbindung über SSH erreichbarer Verz.</li>
<li class="fragment ">coda - wie NFS; selten</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Spezielle Linux Dateisysteme</h4>
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">devpts - /dev/pts/* Pseudeo Terminals ( PTY ); emulieren serielle Schnittstelle</li>
<li class="fragment ">proc u. sysfs
<ul>
<li class="fragment ">/proc/ -> der Kernel </li>
<li class="fragment ">/sys/ -> Zusammenhänge zw. Kernel und Hardware </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="fragment ">tmpfs - Datenaustausch zw. Programmen</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section><h4>swap</h4>
Kann auch eine Datei sein:
<pre><code>dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile count=1024
mkswap /swapfile 1000
sync
swapon -v /swapfile
cat /proc/swaps
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Andere</h4>
<ul>
<li class=" ">squashfs -> Read Only FS</li>
<li class="fragment ">loop -> Adapter um gewöhnliche Datei wie eine Block-Device anzusprechen. zB um ein iso zu mounten</li>
<li class="fragment ">unionfs / aufs /mhddfs -> erlaubt Dateisysteme transparent zu „stapeln“</li>
<li class="fragment ">verschlüsselte Dateisysteme</li>
</ul>
<p class="fragment"><code>cat /proc/filesystems</code></p>
</section>
<section>
<pre><code>man mkfs</code></pre>
<pre><code>mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXX</code></pre>
</section>
<section>Kommentar zu <span style="color: orange">Dual-Boot Systemen</span>:
<p>Windoes stop ggfls. in einem Schnellstart-Zustand.
<p>Bei Schreib-Zugriff auf Windoes Partition aus Linux kann inkonsistentes Win-Dateisystem die Folge sein.
<p style="color:green">Windoes vorher komplett runterfahren!
</section>
<section>
<h4>RAID</h4>
<h5>Redundant Array of Independent Disks</h5>
<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID#Die_gebräuchlichen_RAID-Level_im_Einzelnen">Wikipedia RAID</a>
</section>
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THE SOFTWARE.

View File

@ -1,2 +1,6 @@
# linuxkurs
Slides meines Linux Kurses
# Linux Kurs
Dies sind die Slides meines Linux Kurses
Unter Verwendung von
## reveal.js
A framework for easily creating beautiful presentations using HTML. [Check out the live demo](http://revealjs.com/).

10
aufgabe2.html Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
Aufgabe: Erstellt script mit mind einer Funktion das:
- ein Backup eines Verzeichnisses erstellt
- per Parameter den namen des Quell-Verzeichnis erhält
- per Parameter den Namen der Zieldatei erhält-
- einen nützlichen exit code setzt
- vielleicht nützliche Meldungen ausgibt
- prüft
- ob das backup verz existiert
- ob die backupdatei schon existiert

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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
Host git.scytec.de
HostName git.scytec.de
Port 7222
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/gitlab-key
User danthefan
Host pi
HostName 192.168.1.5
User dany
Host gitlab.com
HostName gitlab.com
User gitlab
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/gitlab-key

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@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
#!/bin/bash
NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")"
# websites folder
WEBSITESDIR="."
# local backup folder
BACKUPDIR="./backups"
# Erstelle backupdir falls nicht vorhanden
if [ ! -d $BACKUPDIR ]; then
mkdir $BACKUPDIR
fi
# Unterverzeichnisse von html die gebackuppt werden sollen
# Array
declare -a liste
liste=(
"omikron"
"amazon.de"
"spiegel.de"
"google.de"
"omikron/china"
"omikron/swiss"
)
function create_websites_backup {
cd $WEBSITESDIR
# Unter Verwendung des Array $liste
for i in "${liste[@]}"; do
if [ -d $i ]; then
tag=$(echo $i | sed 's/\//-/')
tar -zcf $BACKUPDIR/$tag-$NOW.tar.gz $WEBSITESDIR/$i
else
echo "File or Directory $i not found!\n"
fi
done
# oder unter Verwendung einer Datei mit der Verz. Liste
# while read i; do
# tar -zcf $BACKUPDIR/$tag-$NOW.tar.gz $WEBSITESDIR/$i
# done < 'backup-list.txt'
}
# mysql backup
function do_sql_backup {
cd $BACKUPDIR
tag=db-$4-$NOW
mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -h$1 -u$2 -p$3 $4 | gzip > $tag.sql.gz
}
#do_sql_backup "localhost" "db_user" "secret_pw" "db_name"
create_websites_backup
cd -

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@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
#script zur erstellung einer Test Umgebung
declare -a liste
# Unterverzeichnisse von html die gebackuppt werden sollen
liste=(
"omikron"
"amazon.de"
"spiegel.de"
"google.de"
"omikron/china"
"omikron/swiss"
)
# Meat
for i in "${liste[@]}"; do
mkdir -p $i
echo "<h1>hallo test</h1> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<p> " > $i/index.html
done

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@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
#!/bin/bash
USERNAME=XXX
REMOTE_HOST=XXX
# rsync options
# -a = Archive Mode
# -v = Verbose - für das log file
# -z = Compress
# -e = specify the remote shell to use
/usr/bin/rsync -avze 'ssh -i /home/$USERNAME/.ssh/rsync-key' $REMOTE_HOST:/home/$USERNAME/backups/* /local/backup/dir/ >> backup.log 2>&1
# delete backups older than 10 days
#find /local/backup/dir -mtime +10 -type f -delete

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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
#!/bin/bash
#
# rsync-check.sh
set -- $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND
cmd="$1"; shift
case "$cmd" in
scp|rsync) exec "$cmd" "$@" ;;
*) echo "ERROR: request not permitted" ;;
esac

31
beispiele/13/smb.conf Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
[global]
workgroup = ZUHAUSE
preferred master = Yes
wins support = Yes
netbios name = PI
server string = PI hinterm TV
interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8, eth0
map to guest = Bad User
unix password sync = Yes
syslog = 0
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = 1000
[Unterhaltung]
comment = Unterhaltung
path = /media/platte/media
guest ok = Yes
[upload]
comment = Upload Ordner
path = /media/platte/upload
read only = No
guest ok = Yes
[dany]
comment = dany backup
path = /media/platte/dany
valid users = dany
read only = no

5
beispiele/14/hello.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello World\n");
return 0;
}

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@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
<VirtualHost 144.76.58.9:80 [2a01:4f8:191:6204:0:0:0:2]:80 >
ServerName www.schubertdaniel.de
ServerAlias schubertdaniel.de
DocumentRoot /home/dany/www/schubertdaniel
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
CustomLog /home/dany/www/log/schubertdaniel.log common
Header set Content-Language: de
<Directory /home/dany/www/schubertdaniel>
AllowOverride All # ermöglicht .htaccess
Require all granted # öffentlich zugänglich
Options -Indexes # kein Inhaltslisting
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
#!/bin/bash
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile out-def.mp4
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile out-def.webm
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile out-def.ogv

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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
#!/bin/bash
# 5 sec langes Video
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile -b:v 600k -b:a 128k -c:v libx264 out.mp4
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile -b:v 600k -b:a 128k out.webm
ffmpeg -t 5 -i infile -codec:v libtheora -qscale:v 5 -codec:a libvorbis -qscale:a 5 out.ogv

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#!/usr/bin/env ruby
def convert(file,filebase)
#`ffmpeg -i '#{file}' -ab 192k '#{filebase}'.mp3`
`lame -q 0 -b 192 '#{file}' '#{filebase}'.mp3`
end
dir = Dir.new(".")
while file = dir.read do
reg = /(m4a|ogg|wav)/i
puts reg
if file.match(reg)
filebase = File.basename(file, "." + file.match(reg).to_s)
convert(file, filebase)
else
puts "Keine passende Datei gefunden: m4a, ogg, wav. "
end
end

158
beispiele/17/frosch.txt Normal file
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Der Froschkönig oder der eiserne Heinrich
In alten Zeiten, als das Wünschen noch geholfen hat, lebte einmal ein
König, der hatte wunderschöne Töchter. Die jüngste von ihnen war so
schön, daß die Sonne selber, die doch so vieles schon gesehen hat,
sich verwunderte, sooft sie ihr ins Gesicht schien.
Nahe bei dem Schlosse war ein großer, dunkler Wald, und mitten darin,
unter einer alten Linde, war ein Brunnen. Wenn nun der Tag recht heiß war,
ging die jüngste Prinzessin hinaus in den Wald und setzte sich an den Rand
des kühlen Brunnens. Und wenn sie Langeweile hatte, nahm sie eine
goldene Kugel, warf sie in die Höhe und fing sie wieder auf. Das war
ihr liebstes Spiel.
Nun trug es sich einmal zu, daß die goldene Kugel der Königstochter
nicht in die Händchen fiel, sondern auf die Erde schlug und gerade in
den Brunnen hineinrollte. Die Königstochter folgte ihr mit den Augen
nach, aber die Kugel verschwand, und der Brunnen war tief, so tief,
daß man keinen Grund sah.
Da fing die Prinzessin an zu weinen und weinte immer lauter und konnte
sich gar nicht trösten. Als sie so klagte, rief ihr plötzlich jemand
zu: »Was hast du nur, Königstochter? Du schreist ja, daß sich ein
Stein erbarmen möchte.«
Sie sah sich um, woher die Stimme käme, da erblickte sie einen Frosch,
der seinen dicken, häßlichen Kopf aus dem Wasser streckte. »Ach, du
bist's, alter Wasserpatscher«, sagte sie. »Ich weine über meine
goldene Kugel, die mir in den Brunnen hinabgefallen ist.«
»Sei still und weine nicht«, antwortete der Frosch, »ich kann wohl Rat
schaffen. Aber was gibst du mir, wenn ich dein Spielzeug wieder
heraufhole?«
»Was du haben willst, lieber Frosch«, sagte sie, »meine Kleider, meine
Perlen und Edelsteine, auch noch die goldene Krone, die ich trage.«
Der Frosch antwortete: »Deine Kleider, deine Perlen und Edelsteine und
deine goldene Krone, die mag ich nicht. Aber wenn du mich liebhaben
willst und ich dein Geselle und Spielkamerad sein darf, wenn ich an
deinem Tischlein neben dir sitzen, von deinem goldenen Tellerlein
essen, aus deinem Becherlein trinken, in deinem Bettlein schlafen
darf, dann will ich hinuntersteigen und dir die goldene Kugel
heraufholen.«
»Ach, ja«, sagte sie, »ich verspreche dir alles, was du willst, wenn
du mir nur die Kugel wiederbringst.« Sie dachte aber, der einfältige
Frosch mag schwätzen, was er will, der sitzt doch im Wasser bei
seinesgleichen und quakt und kann keines Menschen Geselle sein!
Als der Frosch das Versprechen der Königstochter erhalten hatte,
tauchte er seinen Kopf unter, sank hinab, und über ein Weilchen kam er
wieder heraufgerudert, hatte die Kugel im Maul und warf sie ins
Gras. Die Königstochter war voll Freude, als sie ihr schönes Spielzeug
wiedererblickte, hob es auf und sprang damit fort.
»Warte, warte!« rief der Frosch. »Nimm mich mit, ich kann nicht so
laufen wie du!« Aber was half es ihm, daß er ihr sein Quak-quak so
laut nachschrie, wie er nur konnte! Sie hörte nicht darauf, eilte nach
Hause und hatte den Frosch bald vergessen.
Am andern Tag, als sie sich mit dem König und allen Hofleuten zur
Tafel gesetzt hatte und eben von ihrem goldenen Tellerlein aß, da kam,
plitsch platsch, plitsch platsch, etwas die Marmortreppe
heraufgekrochen. Als es oben angelangt war, klopfte es an die Tür und
rief. »Königstochter, jüngste, mach mir auf«
Sie lief und wollte sehen, wer draußen wäre. Als sie aber aufmachte,
saß der Frosch vor der Tür. Da warf sie die Tür hastig zu, setzte sich
wieder an den Tisch, und es war ihr ganz ängstlich zumute.
Der König sah wohl, daß ihr das Herz gewaltig klopfte, und sprach:
»Mein Kind, was fürchtest du dich? Steht etwa ein Riese vor der Tür
und will dich holen?«
»Ach, nein«, antwortete sie, »es ist kein Riese, sondern ein garstiger
Frosch.«
»Was will der Frosch von dir?«
»Ach, lieber Vater, als ich gestern im Wald bei dem Brunnen saß und
spielte, fiel meine goldene Kugel ins Wasser. Als ich deshalb weinte,
hat sie mir der Frosch heraufgeholt. Und weil er es durchaus
verlangte, versprach ich ihm, er sollte mein Spielgefährte werden. Ich
dachte aber nimmermehr, daß er aus seinem Wasser käme. Nun ist er
draußen und will zu mir herein.«
Da klopfte es zum zweiten Mal, und eine Stimme rief:
»Königstochter, jüngste,
Mach mir auf!
Weißt du nicht, was gestern
Du zu mir gesagt
Bei dem kühlen Brunnenwasser?
Königstochter, jüngste,
Mach mir auf!«
Da sagte der König: »Was du versprochen hast, das mußt du auch halten!
Geh nur und mach ihm auf!«
Sie ging und öffnete die Tür. Da hüpfte der Frosch herein und hüpfte
ihr immer nach bis zu ihrem Stuhl. Dort blieb er sitzen und rief: »Heb
mich hinauf zu dir!« Sie zauderte, bis es endlich der König
befahl. Als der Frosch auf dem Stuhl war, wollte er auf den Tisch, und
als er da saß, sprach er: »Nun schieb mir dein goldenes Tellerlein
näher, damit wir mitsammen essen können.« Der Frosch ließ sich's gut
schmecken, ihr aber blieb fast jeder Bissen im Halse stecken.
Endlich sprach der Frosch: »Ich habe mich satt gegessen und bin
müde. Nun trag mich in dein Kämmerlein und mach dein seidenes Bettlein
zurecht!« Die Königstochter fing an zu weinen und fürchtete sich vor
dem kalten Frosch, den sie sich nicht anzurühren getraute und der nun
in ihrem schönen, reinen Bettlein schlafen sollte.
Der König aber wurde zornig und sprach: »Wer dir geholfen hat, als du
in Not warst, den sollst du hernach nicht verachten!«
Da packte sie den Frosch mit zwei Fingern, trug ihn hinauf in ihr
Kämmerlein und setzte ihn dort in eine Ecke. Als sie aber im Bette
lag, kam er gekrochen und sprach: »Ich will schlafen so gut wie
du. Heb mich hinauf, oder ich sag's deinem Vater!«
Da wurde sie bitterböse, holte ihn herauf und warf ihn gegen die
Wand. »Nun wirst du Ruhe geben«, sagte sie, »du garstiger Frosch!« Als
er aber herabfiel, war er kein Frosch mehr, sondern ein Königssohn mit
schönen freundlichen Augen. Der war nun nach ihres Vaters Willen ihr
lieber Geselle und Gemahl. Er erzählte ihr, er wäre von einer bösen
Hexe verwünscht worden, und niemand hätte ihn aus dem Brunnen erlösen
können als sie allein, und morgen wollten sie mitsammen in sein Reich
gehen.
Und wirklich, am anderen Morgen kam ein Wagen herangefahren, mit acht
weißen Pferden bespannt, die hatten weiße Straußfedern auf dem Kopf
und gingen in goldenen Ketten. Hinten auf dem Wagen aber stand der
Diener des jungen Königs, das war der treue Heinrich.
Der treue Heinrich hatte sich so gekränkt, als sein Herr in einen
Frosch verwandelt worden war, daß er drei eiserne Bänder um sein Herz
hatte legen lassen, damit es ihm nicht vor Weh und Traurigkeit
zerspränge.
Der Wagen sollte nun den jungen König in sein Reich holen. Der treue
Heinrich hob ihn und seine junge Gemahlin hinein, stellte sich wieder
hinten hinauf und war voll Freude über die Erlösung seines Herrn. Als
sie ein Stück des Weges gefahren waren, hörte der Königssohn, daß es
hinter ihm krachte, als ob etwas zerbrochen wäre. Da drehte er sich um
und rief:
»Heinrich, der Wagen bricht!«
»Nein, Herr, der Wagen nicht,
Es ist ein Band von meinem Herzen,
Das da lag in großen Schmerzen,
Als Ihr in dem Brunnen saßt
Und in einen Frosch verzaubert wart.«
Noch einmal und noch einmal krachte es auf dem Weg, und der Königssohn
meinte immer, der Wagen bräche. Doch es waren nur die Bänder, die vom
Herzen des treuen Heinrich absprangen, weil sein Herr nun erlöst und
glücklich war.

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egrep '\<(Königst|T)ochter\>' frosch.txt
grep :/bin/bash$ /etc/passwd
k='[^aeiou]*'
grep -i ^${k}a${k}e${k}i${k}o${k}u${k}$ /usr/share/dict/words
egrep '(\<[[:alpha:]]{4,}\>).*\<\1\>' frosch.txt

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Schulz:Hugo:SV Schnaufenberg:123:Herren
Schleicher:Detlef:TSV Lahmhausen:13:Herren
Flöttmann:Fritz:Sportfreunde Renntal:217:Herren
Springinsfeld:Karlheinz:TV Jahnstein:154:Herren
von Traben:Gesine:TV Jahnstein:26:Damen
Rasbichel:Ulla:TSV Lahmhausen:117:Damen
Schwitz:Sieglinde:Sportfreunde Renntal:93:Damen
Rasbichel:Katja:TSV Lahmhausen:119:Damen
Langbein:Leni:SV Schnaufenberg:55:Damen
Zielinger:Hannes:TV Jahnstein:45:Herren
Fluschinsky:Käthe:Sportfreunde Renntal:57:Damen

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[Unit]
Description=Tägliches Wordpress Backup
[Timer]
OnCalender=daily
[Install]
WantedBy=basic.target

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# install script
# Inhalt von backup.service
# HERE Document https://ss64.com/bash/syntax-here.html
SERVICE=$(cat <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Tägliches Wordpress Backup
[Service]
ExecStart=/bin/wp-backup.sh "$BACKUPFILE" "$BACKUPZIEL"
EOF
)
function dialog1 {
BACKUPFILE=$(whiptail --inputbox "Backup Dateiname ohne Endung " 8 78 Name --title "Dateiname" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
check_exit_status
}
function dialog2 {
BACKUPZIEL=$(whiptail --inputbox "Backup Ziel?" 8 78 localhost --title "rsync Backupziel" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)
check_exit_status
}
function check_exit_status {
exitstatus=$?
if [ $exitstatus = 1 ]; then
echo "User selected Cancel."
exit 1
fi
}
function install_service {
cp wp-backup.sh /bin/ && \
cp backup.timer /etc/systemd/system/ && \
echo "$SERVICE" > /etc/systemd/system/backup.service && \
systemctl enable --now backup.timer || fail
}
function fail {
echo "Fehler!!"
exit 1
}
#funktions aufrufe
dialog1
dialog2
install_service
exit 0

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#!/bin/bash
BACKUPFILE=$1
BACKUPZIEL=$2
NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")"
function db_backup {
# Vars
host=localhost
user=XXXXXXX
pass=XXXXXXX
db=wordpress
mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -h$host -u$user -p$pass $db > wp-db.sql
}
function file_backup {
cd /home/dany/local-dev/wp
tar -cJf ~/tmp/$BACKUPFILE-$NOW.tar.xz wp-content/themes wp-content/uploads #./wp-db-$NOW.sql
}
function upload {
/usr/bin/rsync -aze 'ssh -i /path/to/ssh-keyfile' \
/home/dany/tmp/$BACKUPFILE-$NOW.tar.xz server-name-hier:target-dir/ >> backup.log 2>&1
#oder
#scp /home/dany/tmp/$BACKUPFILE-$NOW.tar.xz server-name-hier:target-dir/ >> backup.log 2>&1
}
# Funktionsaufrufe
db_backup
file_backup
upload

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#!/bin/bash
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
echo usage: $0 directory
exit
fi
SRCD=$1
TGTD="/home/$USER/backups/"
OF=home-$(date +%Y%m%d).tgz
tar -czf $TGTD$OF $SRCD

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#!/bin/bash
for f in {1..9}; do
touch "$f xx.txt"
done

3
beispiele/4/finduser.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
find / -user dany -print 2>/dev/null

24
beispiele/4/mysystem.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
clear
echo "Diese Infos werden von mysystem.sh bereitgestellt."
echo
echo "Hallo, $USER"
echo
echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"`, dies ist Woche Nr. `date +"%V"`."
echo
echo "Diese Benutzer sind im Moment verbunden:"
w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u
echo
echo "Dies ist `uname -s` und wir laufen auf einem $(uname -m) Prozessor."
echo
echo "Die uptime ist:"
uptime
MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
printf "${MSG}"

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#!/bin/bash
if [ -n $2 ]
grep -r --include="*.$2" "$1" .
else
grep -r "$1" .
fi

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#!/bin/bash
suf=$1
if [ $# -gt 0 ]
then
for f in *.$suf; do
bn=`basename "$f" .$suf | tr [:blank:] _`
new=$bn.$suf
echo "neuer Dateiname:"
echo $new
mv "$f" $new
done
else
echo "Kein Suffix gegeben!!"
echo "Verwendung: strip-space.sh SUFFIX"
echo "Beende ...."
exit 1
fi

17
beispiele/4/rename-jpg.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
suf=$1
if [ $# -gt 0 ]
then
for f in *.$suf; do
bn=`basename "$f" .$suf | sed 's/IMG_//'`
new=$bn.$suf
echo "neuer Dateiname:"
echo $new
mv "$f" $new
done
else
echo "Kein Suffix gegeben!!"
echo "Verwendung: strip-space.sh SUFFIX"
echo "Beende ...."
exit 1
fi

12
beispiele/5/01-vars.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
x=10 #NOT x = 10 no spaces
X=20 #variables are case sensitive
$y= #NULL variable
echo "x = $x"
echo "X = $X"
echo "y = $y"
unset x
echo "x = $x"

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beispiele/5/02-comments.sh Normal file

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#!/bin/sh
echo 'Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen'
echo "Ist dies ein \"Sonderfall\"?"
echo "Sie haben `ls | wc -l` Dateien in `pwd`"
echo "Der Wert von \$x ist $x"

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#!/bin/bash
count2 () {
if [ -d "$1" ]; then # überprüfen, ob der erste Parameter ein Verzeichnis ist
ls $1 | wc -l # wie oben
exit 0 # alles OK
else
echo "Ungültiges Verzeichnis: $1"
exit 1 # Fehler
fi
}
count2 "/gibt/es/garnicht" # Aufrufe der Funktion count2
echo "Status: $?"
count2 "/etc"
echo "Status: $?"

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#!/bin/sh
fatal() {
msg=$1
echo "Fatal: $msg"
exit 1
}
[ -d /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp existiert nicht"
[ -w /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp nicht schreibbar"
TMP=/tmp/mydir
[ -d $TMP ] || mkdir $TMP # tmp-Verz. erzeugen, wenn noch nicht vorhanden

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#!/bin/bash
# Beispiel für Rekursive Funktion
#Funktions-Definition
function sum() {
if [ -z "$2" ]; then
#Rückgabewert
echo $1
else
a=$1;
#Parameter werden nach links verschoben : orkus <- $1 , $1 <- $2
shift;
#Funktion ruft sich selbst auf - Rekursion
#Ergebnis. b == 2
b=`sum $@`
echo `expr $a + $b` # <- 1 + 2
fi
}
# Funktions-Aufruf mit 2 Parametern
sum 1 2

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#!/bin/bash
# Set PS3 prompt
PS3="Enter the space shuttle to get more information : "
# set shuttle list
select shuttle in columbia endeavour challenger discovery atlantis enterprise pathfinder exit
do
case $shuttle in
columbia)
echo "--------------"
echo "Space Shuttle Columbia was the first spaceworthy space shuttle in NASA's orbital fleet."
echo "--------------"
;;
endeavour)
echo "--------------"
echo "Space Shuttle Endeavour is one of three currently operational orbiters in the Space Shuttle."
echo "--------------"
;;
challenger)
echo "--------------"
echo "Space Shuttle Challenger was NASA's second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service."
echo "--------------"
;;
discovery)
echo "--------------"
echo "Discovery became the third operational orbiter, and is now the oldest one in service."
echo "--------------"
;;
atlantis)
echo "--------------"
echo "Atlantis was the fourth operational shuttle built."
echo "--------------"
;;
enterprise)
echo "--------------"
echo "Space Shuttle Enterprise was the first Space Shuttle orbiter."
echo "--------------"
;;
pathfinder)
echo "--------------"
echo "Space Shuttle Orbiter Pathfinder is a Space Shuttle simulator made of steel and wood."
echo "--------------"
;;
exit)
echo "Bye!"
break
;;
*)
echo "Error: Please try again (select 1..7)!"
;;
esac
done

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# Script to create simple menus and take action according to that selected
# menu item
#
while :
do
clear
echo "-------------------------------------"
echo " Main Menu "
echo "-------------------------------------"
echo "[1] Show Todays date/time"
echo "[2] Show files in current directory"
echo "[3] Show calendar"
echo "[4] Start editor to write letters"
echo "[5] Exit/Stop"
echo "======================="
echo -n "Enter your menu choice [1-5]: "
read yourch
case $yourch in
1) echo "Today is `date` , press a key. . ." ; read ;;
2) echo "Files in `pwd`" ; ls -l ; echo "Press a key. . ." ; read ;;
3) cal ; echo "Press a key. . ." ; read ;;
4) vi ;;
5) exit 0 ;;
*) echo "Opps!!! Please select choice 1,2,3,4, or 5";
echo "Press a key. . ." ; read ;;
esac
done

37
beispiele/5/09-backup.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
# Get date in dd-mm-yyyy format
NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")"
function file_backup {
wpbackupfile="wordpress-backup-$NOW.tar.gz"
oxidbackupfile="oxid-back-$NOW.tar.gz"
echo 'WP Files Backup --- building tar File...'
tar -czf $wpbackupfile /var/html/www/rvv/wp*
echo '+DONE'
echo 'oxid Files Backup --- building tar File...'
tar -czf $oxidbackupfile /var/html/www/rvv/shop
echo '+DONE'
}
function oxid_db_backup {
host=localhost
user=rvv
pass=xxxxxxxxx
db=webshop
echo 'oxid DB Export ------> '
mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -h$host -u$user -p$pass $db | gzip > oxid-db-$NOW.sql.gz
}
backupdir=~/backup
cd ~ ; mkdir $backupdir ; cd $backupdir
oxid_db_backup
file_backup
# delete old backups
find $backupdir -mtime +10 -type f -delete

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#!/bin/bash
if (whiptail --title "Example Dialog" --yesno "This is an example of a yes/no box." 8 78)
then
whiptail --title "Exit Info" --msgbox "Du hast Yes gewählt. Exit Status: $?." 8 78
else
whiptail --title "Exit Info" --msgbox "Du hast NO gewählt. Exit Status: $?." 8 78
fi

7
beispiele/5/11-read.sh Normal file
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#/bin/sh
echo "Name?"
read name
echo "Age?"
read age
echo "Hello $name, you are $age years old"

6
beispiele/5/aufgabe1.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
OUTFILE="liste.txt"
liste=`ls | tee $OUTFILE `
echo $liste
cat $OUTFILE

16
beispiele/5/aufgabe2.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
function file_backup {
echo 'Backup --- building tar File...'
tar -czf $2 $1 || fail "Fehler beim Archiv erstellen"
echo '+DONE'
exit 0
}
fail () {
echo "Fehler! + $1"
exit 1
}
#function call
file_backup $1 $2

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[Unit]
Description=Simple WSGI Server
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/home/USERNAME-HIER-EINSETZEN/hello-web.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2
beispiele/8/hello-web.sh Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
cd /home/; python3 -m http.server 8082

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[Unit]
Description=Ping Omikron Unit
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/PFAD/ZU/ping-omikron.sh

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#!/bin/bash
date &>> /var/log/ping-omikron.log
ping -c 3 omikron.net &>> /var/log/ping-omikron.log

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[Unit]
Description=Ping Omikron Timer
[Timer]
OnActiveSec=30s
OnUnitActiveSec=5m
Persistent=true
[Install]
WantedBy=basic.target

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[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.9.0-8-amd64 (debian-kernel@lists.debian.org) (gcc version 6.3.0 20170516 (Debian 6.3.0-18+deb9u1) ) #1 SMP Debian 4.9.130-2 (2018-10-27)
[ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-8-amd64 root=UUID=d875150b-95ed-4a12-b3a3-769817b85c45 ro quiet
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Legacy x87 FPU detected.
[ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009f7ff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009f800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e7000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000e7faffff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e7fb0000-0x00000000e7fbffff] ACPI data
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e7fc0000-0x00000000e7feffff] ACPI NVS
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e7ff0000-0x00000000e7ffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000feefffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fff00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000217ffffff] usable
[ 0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[ 0.000000] SMBIOS 2.4 present.
[ 0.000000] DMI: To Be Filled By O.E.M. To Be Filled By O.E.M./N68C-S UCC, BIOS P1.40 08/25/2010
[ 0.000000] Kernel/User page tables isolation: disabled
[ 0.000000] e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
[ 0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
[ 0.000000] AGP: No AGP bridge found
[ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0x218000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[ 0.000000] MTRR default type: uncachable
[ 0.000000] MTRR fixed ranges enabled:
[ 0.000000] 00000-9FFFF write-back
[ 0.000000] A0000-EFFFF uncachable
[ 0.000000] F0000-FFFFF write-protect
[ 0.000000] MTRR variable ranges enabled:
[ 0.000000] 0 base 000000000000 mask FFFF80000000 write-back
[ 0.000000] 1 base 000080000000 mask FFFFC0000000 write-back
[ 0.000000] 2 base 0000C0000000 mask FFFFE0000000 write-back
[ 0.000000] 3 base 0000E0000000 mask FFFFF8000000 write-back
[ 0.000000] 4 disabled
[ 0.000000] 5 disabled
[ 0.000000] 6 disabled
[ 0.000000] 7 disabled
[ 0.000000] TOM2: 0000000218000000 aka 8576M
[ 0.000000] x86/PAT: Configuration [0-7]: WB WC UC- UC WB WC UC- WT
[ 0.000000] e820: update [mem 0xe8000000-0xffffffff] usable ==> reserved
[ 0.000000] e820: last_pfn = 0xe7fb0 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
[ 0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [mem 0x000ff780-0x000ff78f] mapped at [ffffa0b9800ff780]
[ 0.000000] Base memory trampoline at [ffffa0b980099000] 99000 size 24576
[ 0.000000] Using GB pages for direct mapping
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73a000, 0x17a73afff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73b000, 0x17a73bfff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73c000, 0x17a73cfff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73d000, 0x17a73dfff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73e000, 0x17a73efff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a73f000, 0x17a73ffff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] BRK [0x17a740000, 0x17a740fff] PGTABLE
[ 0.000000] RAMDISK: [mem 0x35ccb000-0x36e5cfff]
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Early table checksum verification disabled
[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 0x00000000000FB580 000014 (v00 ACPIAM)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDT 0x00000000E7FB0000 000040 (v01 A_M_I OEMRSDT 08001025 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP 0x00000000E7FB0200 000084 (v02 A_M_I OEMFACP 12000601 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT 0x00000000E7FB0460 00494C (v01 AS361 AS361135 00000135 INTL 20051117)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS 0x00000000E7FC0000 000040
[ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC 0x00000000E7FB0390 000090 (v01 A_M_I OEMAPIC 08001025 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: MCFG 0x00000000E7FB0420 00003C (v01 A_M_I OEMMCFG 08001025 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: OEMB 0x00000000E7FC0040 000061 (v01 A_M_I AMI_OEM 08001025 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SRAT 0x00000000E7FB4DB0 0000E8 (v03 AMD FAM_F_10 00000002 AMD 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: AAFT 0x00000000E7FB4EA0 000027 (v01 A_M_I OEMAAFT 08001025 MSFT 00000097)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT 0x00000000E7FB4ED0 00088C (v01 A M I POWERNOW 00000001 AMD 00000001)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
[ 0.000000] SRAT: PXM 0 -> APIC 0x00 -> Node 0
[ 0.000000] SRAT: PXM 0 -> APIC 0x01 -> Node 0
[ 0.000000] SRAT: PXM 0 -> APIC 0x02 -> Node 0
[ 0.000000] SRAT: PXM 0 -> APIC 0x03 -> Node 0
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SRAT: Node 0 PXM 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff]
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SRAT: Node 0 PXM 0 [mem 0x00100000-0xe7ffffff]
[ 0.000000] ACPI: SRAT: Node 0 PXM 0 [mem 0x100000000-0x217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] NUMA: Node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] + [mem 0x00100000-0xe7ffffff] -> [mem 0x00000000-0xe7ffffff]
[ 0.000000] NUMA: Node 0 [mem 0x00000000-0xe7ffffff] + [mem 0x100000000-0x217ffffff] -> [mem 0x00000000-0x217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] NODE_DATA(0) allocated [mem 0x217ffb000-0x217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000000ffffff]
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000001000000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] Device empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x000000000009efff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000e7faffff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x0000000217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000001000-0x0000000217ffffff]
[ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 2096974
[ 0.000000] DMA zone: 64 pages used for memmap
[ 0.000000] DMA zone: 21 pages reserved
[ 0.000000] DMA zone: 3998 pages, LIFO batch:0
[ 0.000000] DMA32 zone: 14783 pages used for memmap
[ 0.000000] DMA32 zone: 946096 pages, LIFO batch:31
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 17920 pages used for memmap
[ 0.000000] Normal zone: 1146880 pages, LIFO batch:31
[ 0.000000] Nvidia board detected. Ignoring ACPI timer override.
[ 0.000000] If you got timer trouble try acpi_use_timer_override
[ 0.000000] ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x508
[ 0.000000] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000
[ 0.000000] IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 4, version 17, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: BIOS IRQ0 override ignored.
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 14 global_irq 14 high edge)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 15 global_irq 15 high edge)
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IRQ9 used by override.
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IRQ14 used by override.
[ 0.000000] ACPI: IRQ15 used by override.
[ 0.000000] Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information
[ 0.000000] smpboot: Allowing 6 CPUs, 2 hotplug CPUs
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x0009f000-0x0009ffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000a0000-0x000e6fff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0x000e7000-0x000fffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xe7fb0000-0xe7fbffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xe7fc0000-0xe7feffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xe7ff0000-0xe7ffffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xe8000000-0xfebfffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfec01000-0xfedfffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfeefffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfef00000-0xffefffff]
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xfff00000-0xffffffff]
[ 0.000000] e820: [mem 0xe8000000-0xfebfffff] available for PCI devices
[ 0.000000] Booting paravirtualized kernel on bare hardware
[ 0.000000] clocksource: refined-jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645519600211568 ns
[ 0.000000] setup_percpu: NR_CPUS:512 nr_cpumask_bits:512 nr_cpu_ids:6 nr_node_ids:1
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 35 pages/cpu @ffffa0bb97c00000 s105304 r8192 d29864 u262144
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s105304 r8192 d29864 u262144 alloc=1*2097152
[ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 1 2 3 4 5 - -
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 2064186
[ 0.000000] Policy zone: Normal
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.9.0-8-amd64 root=UUID=d875150b-95ed-4a12-b3a3-769817b85c45 ro quiet
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.000000] AGP: Checking aperture...
[ 0.000000] AGP: No AGP bridge found
[ 0.000000] AGP: Node 0: aperture [bus addr 0xdc000000-0xddffffff] (32MB)
[ 0.000000] Aperture pointing to e820 RAM. Ignoring.
[ 0.000000] AGP: Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole
[ 0.000000] AGP: Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup
[ 0.000000] AGP: This costs you 64MB of RAM
[ 0.000000] AGP: Mapping aperture over RAM [mem 0xdc000000-0xdfffffff] (65536KB)
[ 0.000000] PM: Registered nosave memory: [mem 0xdc000000-0xdfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Memory: 8090700K/8387896K available (6267K kernel code, 1159K rwdata, 2872K rodata, 1420K init, 688K bss, 297196K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] Build-time adjustment of leaf fanout to 64.
[ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=512 to nr_cpu_ids=6.
[ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=64, nr_cpu_ids=6
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:33024 nr_irqs:472 16
[ 0.000000] spurious 8259A interrupt: IRQ7.
[ 0.000000] Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
[ 0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[ 0.000000] tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT
[ 0.000000] tsc: Detected 3158.634 MHz processor
[ 0.000021] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 6317.26 BogoMIPS (lpj=12634536)
[ 0.000024] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.000043] ACPI: Core revision 20160831
[ 0.002859] ACPI: 2 ACPI AML tables successfully acquired and loaded
[ 0.002916] Security Framework initialized
[ 0.002917] Yama: disabled by default; enable with sysctl kernel.yama.*
[ 0.002925] AppArmor: AppArmor disabled by boot time parameter
[ 0.003311] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes)
[ 0.006244] Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
[ 0.007612] Mount-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.007620] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.007981] mce: CPU supports 6 MCE banks
[ 0.007988] LVT offset 0 assigned for vector 0xf9
[ 0.007994] Last level iTLB entries: 4KB 512, 2MB 16, 4MB 8
[ 0.007995] Last level dTLB entries: 4KB 512, 2MB 128, 4MB 64, 1GB 0
[ 0.007996] Spectre V2 : Mitigation: Full AMD retpoline
[ 0.007997] Spectre V2 : Spectre v2 / SpectreRSB mitigation: Filling RSB on context switch
[ 0.013252] Freeing SMP alternatives memory: 24K
[ 0.014748] ftrace: allocating 25291 entries in 99 pages
[ 0.025199] smpboot: Max logical packages: 2
[ 0.025701] ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=0 apic2=-1 pin2=-1
[ 0.169832] smpboot: CPU0: AMD Phenom(tm) II X4 945 Processor (family: 0x10, model: 0x4, stepping: 0x3)
[ 0.169836] Performance Events: AMD PMU driver.
[ 0.169840] ... version: 0
[ 0.169840] ... bit width: 48
[ 0.169841] ... generic registers: 4
[ 0.169841] ... value mask: 0000ffffffffffff
[ 0.169841] ... max period: 00007fffffffffff
[ 0.169842] ... fixed-purpose events: 0
[ 0.169842] ... event mask: 000000000000000f
[ 0.170461] NMI watchdog: enabled on all CPUs, permanently consumes one hw-PMU counter.
[ 0.170617] x86: Booting SMP configuration:
[ 0.170618] .... node #0, CPUs: #1 #2 #3
[ 0.178994] x86: Booted up 1 node, 4 CPUs
[ 0.178996] smpboot: Total of 4 processors activated (25269.07 BogoMIPS)
[ 0.184510] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.184580] x86/mm: Memory block size: 128MB
[ 0.188246] PM: Registering ACPI NVS region [mem 0xe7fc0000-0xe7feffff] (196608 bytes)
[ 0.188314] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 0.188326] futex hash table entries: 2048 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.188395] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.188510] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.197861] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[ 0.213863] cpuidle: using governor menu
[ 0.213869] node 0 link 0: io port [1000, ffffff]
[ 0.213871] TOM: 00000000e8000000 aka 3712M
[ 0.213872] Fam 10h mmconf [mem 0xfc000000-0xfdffffff]
[ 0.213873] node 0 link 0: mmio [fc000000, fdffffff] ==> none
[ 0.213875] node 0 link 0: mmio [e8000000, fbffffff]
[ 0.213876] node 0 link 0: mmio [fe000000, fe0bffff]
[ 0.213878] node 0 link 0: mmio [a0000, bffff]
[ 0.213879] TOM2: 0000000218000000 aka 8576M
[ 0.213880] bus: [bus 00-07] on node 0 link 0
[ 0.213881] bus: 00 [io 0x0000-0xffff]
[ 0.213882] bus: 00 [mem 0xe8000000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.213882] bus: 00 [mem 0xfe000000-0xffffffff]
[ 0.213883] bus: 00 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff]
[ 0.213883] bus: 00 [mem 0x218000000-0xfcffffffff]
[ 0.213943] ACPI: bus type PCI registered
[ 0.213944] acpiphp: ACPI Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.5
[ 0.214016] PCI: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-1f] at [mem 0xfc000000-0xfdffffff] (base 0xfc000000)
[ 0.214018] PCI: not using MMCONFIG
[ 0.214018] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access
[ 0.214019] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for extended access
[ 0.214303] mtrr: your CPUs had inconsistent variable MTRR settings
[ 0.214303] mtrr: probably your BIOS does not setup all CPUs.
[ 0.214303] mtrr: corrected configuration.
[ 0.230070] HugeTLB registered 1 GB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[ 0.230071] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[ 0.230403] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
[ 0.230404] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
[ 0.230405] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
[ 0.230406] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
[ 0.230676] ACPI: Executed 1 blocks of module-level executable AML code
[ 0.232830] ACPI: Interpreter enabled
[ 0.232847] ACPI: (supports S0 S1 S3 S4 S5)
[ 0.232848] ACPI: Using IOAPIC for interrupt routing
[ 0.232870] PCI: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-1f] at [mem 0xfc000000-0xfdffffff] (base 0xfc000000)
[ 0.233606] PCI: MMCONFIG at [mem 0xfc000000-0xfdffffff] reserved in ACPI motherboard resources
[ 0.233614] PCI: Using host bridge windows from ACPI; if necessary, use "pci=nocrs" and report a bug
[ 0.238738] ACPI: PCI Root Bridge [PCI0] (domain 0000 [bus 00-ff])
[ 0.238743] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC: OS supports [ExtendedConfig ASPM ClockPM Segments MSI]
[ 0.238747] acpi PNP0A03:00: _OSC failed (AE_NOT_FOUND); disabling ASPM
[ 0.238754] acpi PNP0A03:00: [Firmware Info]: MMCONFIG for domain 0000 [bus 00-1f] only partially covers this bridge
[ 0.238902] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[ 0.238904] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0x0cf7 window]
[ 0.238905] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0d00-0xffff window]
[ 0.238907] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
[ 0.238908] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x000d0000-0x000dffff window]
[ 0.238909] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xe8000000-0xff37ffff window]
[ 0.238910] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[ 0.238926] pci 0000:00:00.0: [10de:03e2] type 00 class 0x050000
[ 0.239121] pci 0000:00:01.0: [10de:03e1] type 00 class 0x060100
[ 0.239126] pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x10: [io 0x0900-0x09ff]
[ 0.239202] pci 0000:00:01.1: [10de:03eb] type 00 class 0x0c0500
[ 0.239210] pci 0000:00:01.1: reg 0x10: [io 0xdc00-0xdc3f]
[ 0.239223] pci 0000:00:01.1: reg 0x20: [io 0x0600-0x063f]
[ 0.239227] pci 0000:00:01.1: reg 0x24: [io 0x0700-0x073f]
[ 0.239250] pci 0000:00:01.1: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
[ 0.239281] pci 0000:00:01.1: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239312] pci 0000:00:01.2: [10de:03f5] type 00 class 0x050000
[ 0.239382] pci 0000:00:02.0: [10de:03f1] type 00 class 0x0c0310
[ 0.239389] pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf9eff000-0xf9efffff]
[ 0.239419] pci 0000:00:02.0: supports D1 D2
[ 0.239420] pci 0000:00:02.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.239447] pci 0000:00:02.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239480] pci 0000:00:02.1: [10de:03f2] type 00 class 0x0c0320
[ 0.239487] pci 0000:00:02.1: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf9efec00-0xf9efecff]
[ 0.239522] pci 0000:00:02.1: supports D1 D2
[ 0.239522] pci 0000:00:02.1: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.239551] pci 0000:00:02.1: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239586] pci 0000:00:04.0: [10de:03f3] type 01 class 0x060401
[ 0.239633] pci 0000:00:04.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239664] pci 0000:00:05.0: [10de:03f0] type 00 class 0x040300
[ 0.239672] pci 0000:00:05.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf9ef8000-0xf9efbfff]
[ 0.239707] pci 0000:00:05.0: PME# supported from D3hot D3cold
[ 0.239735] pci 0000:00:05.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239771] pci 0000:00:06.0: [10de:03ec] type 00 class 0x01018a
[ 0.239789] pci 0000:00:06.0: reg 0x20: [io 0xffa0-0xffaf]
[ 0.239797] pci 0000:00:06.0: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x10: [io 0x01f0-0x01f7]
[ 0.239798] pci 0000:00:06.0: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x14: [io 0x03f6]
[ 0.239799] pci 0000:00:06.0: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x18: [io 0x0170-0x0177]
[ 0.239800] pci 0000:00:06.0: legacy IDE quirk: reg 0x1c: [io 0x0376]
[ 0.239860] pci 0000:00:07.0: [10de:03ef] type 00 class 0x068000
[ 0.239866] pci 0000:00:07.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf9efd000-0xf9efdfff]
[ 0.239869] pci 0000:00:07.0: reg 0x14: [io 0xd480-0xd487]
[ 0.239897] pci 0000:00:07.0: supports D1 D2
[ 0.239898] pci 0000:00:07.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.239926] pci 0000:00:07.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.239957] pci 0000:00:08.0: [10de:03f6] type 00 class 0x010185
[ 0.239963] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x10: [io 0xd400-0xd407]
[ 0.239966] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x14: [io 0xd080-0xd083]
[ 0.239969] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x18: [io 0xd000-0xd007]
[ 0.239972] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x1c: [io 0xcc00-0xcc03]
[ 0.239975] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x20: [io 0xc880-0xc88f]
[ 0.239978] pci 0000:00:08.0: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf9efc000-0xf9efcfff]
[ 0.240041] pci 0000:00:08.1: [10de:03f6] type 00 class 0x010185
[ 0.240046] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x10: [io 0xc800-0xc807]
[ 0.240049] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x14: [io 0xc480-0xc483]
[ 0.240052] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x18: [io 0xc400-0xc407]
[ 0.240055] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x1c: [io 0xc080-0xc083]
[ 0.240058] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x20: [io 0xc000-0xc00f]
[ 0.240061] pci 0000:00:08.1: reg 0x24: [mem 0xf9ef7000-0xf9ef7fff]
[ 0.240131] pci 0000:00:09.0: [10de:03e8] type 01 class 0x060400
[ 0.240155] pci 0000:00:09.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.240183] pci 0000:00:09.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.240216] pci 0000:00:0b.0: [10de:03e9] type 01 class 0x060400
[ 0.240236] pci 0000:00:0b.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.240264] pci 0000:00:0b.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.240294] pci 0000:00:0c.0: [10de:03e9] type 01 class 0x060400
[ 0.240315] pci 0000:00:0c.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot D3cold
[ 0.240342] pci 0000:00:0c.0: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[ 0.240380] pci 0000:00:18.0: [1022:1200] type 00 class 0x060000
[ 0.240434] pci 0000:00:18.1: [1022:1201] type 00 class 0x060000
[ 0.240487] pci 0000:00:18.2: [1022:1202] type 00 class 0x060000
[ 0.240538] pci 0000:00:18.3: [1022:1203] type 00 class 0x060000
[ 0.240592] pci 0000:00:18.4: [1022:1204] type 00 class 0x060000
[ 0.240695] pci 0000:00:04.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240699] pci 0000:00:04.0: bridge window [io 0x0000-0x0cf7 window] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240700] pci 0000:00:04.0: bridge window [io 0x0d00-0xffff window] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240702] pci 0000:00:04.0: bridge window [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240703] pci 0000:00:04.0: bridge window [mem 0x000d0000-0x000dffff window] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240704] pci 0000:00:04.0: bridge window [mem 0xe8000000-0xff37ffff window] (subtractive decode)
[ 0.240740] pci 0000:02:00.0: [10de:0e22] type 00 class 0x030000
[ 0.240748] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0xfa000000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.240755] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x14: [mem 0xf0000000-0xf7ffffff 64bit pref]
[ 0.240762] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x1c: [mem 0xec000000-0xefffffff 64bit pref]
[ 0.240767] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x24: [io 0xec00-0xec7f]
[ 0.240771] pci 0000:02:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xf9f80000-0xf9ffffff pref]
[ 0.240841] pci 0000:02:00.1: [10de:0beb] type 00 class 0x040300
[ 0.240848] pci 0000:02:00.1: reg 0x10: [mem 0xf9f7c000-0xf9f7ffff]
[ 0.253413] pci 0000:00:09.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02]
[ 0.253416] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [io 0xe000-0xefff]
[ 0.253418] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [mem 0xf9f00000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.253420] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [mem 0xec000000-0xf7ffffff 64bit pref]
[ 0.253476] pci 0000:00:0b.0: PCI bridge to [bus 03]
[ 0.253505] pci 0000:00:0c.0: PCI bridge to [bus 04]
[ 0.254082] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKA] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254150] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKB] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254214] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKC] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254279] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNKD] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254343] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNEA] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *11
[ 0.254407] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNEB] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254471] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNEC] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254535] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNED] (IRQs 16 17 18 19) *10
[ 0.254599] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LUB0] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *5
[ 0.254662] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LUB2] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *10
[ 0.254726] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LMAC] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *5
[ 0.254789] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LAZA] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *11
[ 0.254853] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LACI] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254917] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LMC9] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *0, disabled.
[ 0.254981] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LSMB] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *11
[ 0.255045] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LPMU] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *0, disabled.
[ 0.255108] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LSA0] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *10
[ 0.255172] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LSA1] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *10
[ 0.255280] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LATA] (IRQs 20 21 22 23) *0, disabled.
[ 0.255324] ACPI: Enabled 1 GPEs in block 00 to 1F
[ 0.255436] vgaarb: setting as boot device: PCI:0000:02:00.0
[ 0.255438] vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:02:00.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[ 0.255438] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.255439] vgaarb: bridge control possible 0000:02:00.0
[ 0.255544] PCI: Using ACPI for IRQ routing
[ 0.256191] PCI: pci_cache_line_size set to 64 bytes
[ 0.256220] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0x0009f800-0x0009ffff]
[ 0.256222] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0xe7fb0000-0xe7ffffff]
[ 0.256436] clocksource: Switched to clocksource refined-jiffies
[ 0.263226] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[ 0.263252] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.263334] pnp: PnP ACPI init
[ 0.263406] pnp 00:00: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0b00 (active)
[ 0.263745] pnp 00:01: [dma 3]
[ 0.263832] pnp 00:01: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0401 (active)
[ 0.264127] system 00:02: [io 0x04d0-0x04d1] has been reserved
[ 0.264128] system 00:02: [io 0x0500-0x057f] has been reserved
[ 0.264130] system 00:02: [io 0x0580-0x05ff] has been reserved
[ 0.264131] system 00:02: [io 0x0800-0x087f] has been reserved
[ 0.264132] system 00:02: [io 0x0880-0x08ff] has been reserved
[ 0.264133] system 00:02: [io 0x0d00-0x0d7f] has been reserved
[ 0.264135] system 00:02: [io 0x0d80-0x0dff] has been reserved
[ 0.264136] system 00:02: [io 0x1100-0x117f] has been reserved
[ 0.264137] system 00:02: [io 0x1180-0x11ff] has been reserved
[ 0.264139] system 00:02: [mem 0x000d0000-0x000d3fff window] has been reserved
[ 0.264141] system 00:02: [mem 0x000d4000-0x000d7fff window] has been reserved
[ 0.264142] system 00:02: [mem 0x000de000-0x000dffff window] has been reserved
[ 0.264144] system 00:02: [mem 0xfec80000-0x1fd93ffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264145] system 00:02: [mem 0xfefe0000-0xfefe01ff] has been reserved
[ 0.264146] system 00:02: [mem 0xfefe1000-0xfefe1fff] has been reserved
[ 0.264148] system 00:02: [mem 0xfee01000-0xfeefffff] has been reserved
[ 0.264150] system 00:02: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.264329] system 00:03: [mem 0xfec00000-0xfec00fff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264331] system 00:03: [mem 0xfee00000-0xfee00fff] has been reserved
[ 0.264332] system 00:03: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.264513] pnp 00:04: [dma 0 disabled]
[ 0.264559] pnp 00:04: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0501 (active)
[ 0.264642] system 00:05: [io 0x0280-0x028f] has been reserved
[ 0.264644] system 00:05: [io 0x0290-0x029f] has been reserved
[ 0.264646] system 00:05: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.264701] system 00:06: [mem 0xfc000000-0xfdffffff] has been reserved
[ 0.264703] system 00:06: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c02 (active)
[ 0.264878] system 00:07: [mem 0x00000000-0x0009ffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264879] system 00:07: [mem 0x000e0000-0x000fffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264881] system 00:07: [mem 0x00100000-0xe7ffffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264882] system 00:07: [mem 0xff380000-0xffffffff] could not be reserved
[ 0.264884] system 00:07: Plug and Play ACPI device, IDs PNP0c01 (active)
[ 0.265102] pnp: PnP ACPI: found 8 devices
[ 0.271174] clocksource: acpi_pm: mask: 0xffffff max_cycles: 0xffffff, max_idle_ns: 2085701024 ns
[ 0.271201] clocksource: Switched to clocksource acpi_pm
[ 0.271222] pci 0000:00:04.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
[ 0.271229] pci 0000:00:09.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02]
[ 0.271230] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [io 0xe000-0xefff]
[ 0.271232] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [mem 0xf9f00000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.271234] pci 0000:00:09.0: bridge window [mem 0xec000000-0xf7ffffff 64bit pref]
[ 0.271236] pci 0000:00:0b.0: PCI bridge to [bus 03]
[ 0.271239] pci 0000:00:0c.0: PCI bridge to [bus 04]
[ 0.271244] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7 window]
[ 0.271245] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff window]
[ 0.271246] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
[ 0.271247] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 7 [mem 0x000d0000-0x000dffff window]
[ 0.271248] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 8 [mem 0xe8000000-0xff37ffff window]
[ 0.271249] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0x0cf7 window]
[ 0.271250] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 5 [io 0x0d00-0xffff window]
[ 0.271251] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 6 [mem 0x000a0000-0x000bffff window]
[ 0.271252] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 7 [mem 0x000d0000-0x000dffff window]
[ 0.271253] pci_bus 0000:01: resource 8 [mem 0xe8000000-0xff37ffff window]
[ 0.271254] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 0 [io 0xe000-0xefff]
[ 0.271255] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 1 [mem 0xf9f00000-0xfbffffff]
[ 0.271256] pci_bus 0000:02: resource 2 [mem 0xec000000-0xf7ffffff 64bit pref]
[ 0.271355] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.271562] TCP established hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.271751] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.272111] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 65536 bind 65536)
[ 0.272170] UDP hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.272245] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.272374] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.272617] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LUB0] enabled at IRQ 23
[ 0.351483] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LUB2] enabled at IRQ 22
[ 0.351593] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351634] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351681] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351726] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351771] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351819] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351869] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351921] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[ 0.351938] pci 0000:02:00.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff]
[ 0.351943] PCI: CLS 64 bytes, default 64
[ 0.351996] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 0.629695] Freeing initrd memory: 17992K
[ 0.629875] PCI-DMA: Disabling AGP.
[ 0.629976] PCI-DMA: aperture base @ dc000000 size 65536 KB
[ 0.629976] PCI-DMA: using GART IOMMU.
[ 0.629978] PCI-DMA: Reserving 64MB of IOMMU area in the AGP aperture
[ 0.633252] LVT offset 1 assigned for vector 0x400
[ 0.633260] IBS: LVT offset 1 assigned
[ 0.633405] perf: AMD IBS detected (0x0000001f)
[ 0.633766] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[ 0.633786] audit: type=2000 audit(1544973744.527:1): initialized
[ 0.634191] workingset: timestamp_bits=40 max_order=21 bucket_order=0
[ 0.634246] zbud: loaded
[ 0.635053] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 250)
[ 0.635120] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.635121] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 0.635135] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 0.635395] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
[ 0.635400] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 0.635535] GHES: HEST is not enabled!
[ 0.635595] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 0.656084] 00:04: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[ 0.656457] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[ 0.656501] AMD IOMMUv2 driver by Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
[ 0.656502] AMD IOMMUv2 functionality not available on this system
[ 0.656839] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly.
[ 0.659327] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1
[ 0.659331] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12
[ 0.659492] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 0.659538] rtc_cmos 00:00: RTC can wake from S4
[ 0.659692] rtc_cmos 00:00: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
[ 0.659724] rtc_cmos 00:00: alarms up to one year, y3k, 114 bytes nvram
[ 0.659815] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[ 0.660049] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 0.660272] mip6: Mobile IPv6
[ 0.660274] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 0.660276] mpls_gso: MPLS GSO support
[ 0.660501] microcode: CPU0: patch_level=0x010000b6
[ 0.660512] microcode: CPU1: patch_level=0x010000b6
[ 0.660516] microcode: CPU2: patch_level=0x010000b6
[ 0.660524] microcode: CPU3: patch_level=0x010000b6
[ 0.660559] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.01 <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba
[ 0.660692] registered taskstats version 1
[ 0.660709] zswap: loaded using pool lzo/zbud
[ 0.660844] ima: No TPM chip found, activating TPM-bypass!
[ 0.660846] ima: Allocated hash algorithm: sha256
[ 0.661107] rtc_cmos 00:00: setting system clock to 2018-12-16 15:22:25 UTC (1544973745)
[ 0.661150] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded.
[ 0.959367] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1420K
[ 0.959369] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 12288k
[ 0.960856] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1908K
[ 0.963622] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1224K
[ 0.969090] x86/mm: Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found.
[ 0.982336] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[ 0.982399] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[ 0.982407] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read)
[ 1.005215] i2c i2c-0: nForce2 SMBus adapter at 0x600
[ 1.005234] i2c i2c-1: nForce2 SMBus adapter at 0x700
[ 1.007393] ACPI: bus type USB registered
[ 1.007425] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 1.007448] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 1.007490] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 1.007973] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 1.008172] forcedeth: Reverse Engineered nForce ethernet driver. Version 0.64.
[ 1.008189] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 1.008376] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LMAC] enabled at IRQ 21
[ 1.008881] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 1.009284] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[ 1.011148] libata version 3.00 loaded.
[ 1.560116] forcedeth 0000:00:07.0: ifname eth0, PHY OUI 0x732 @ 1, addr 00:25:22:62:95:f3
[ 1.560119] forcedeth 0000:00:07.0: highdma pwrctl mgmt lnktim msi desc-v3
[ 1.560306] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: EHCI Host Controller
[ 1.560313] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 1.560324] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: debug port 1
[ 1.560358] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: cache line size of 64 is not supported
[ 1.560379] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: irq 22, io mem 0xf9efec00
[ 1.560649] forcedeth 0000:00:07.0 enp0s7: renamed from eth0
[ 1.575396] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[ 1.575538] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 1.575540] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.575542] usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller
[ 1.575543] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.9.0-8-amd64 ehci_hcd
[ 1.575544] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:02.1
[ 1.575697] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.575713] hub 1-0:1.0: 10 ports detected
[ 1.576014] sata_nv 0000:00:08.0: version 3.5
[ 1.576204] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LSA0] enabled at IRQ 20
[ 1.576311] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[ 1.576621] scsi host0: sata_nv
[ 1.576776] scsi host1: sata_nv
[ 1.576821] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xd400 ctl 0xd080 bmdma 0xc880 irq 20
[ 1.576822] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xd000 ctl 0xcc00 bmdma 0xc888 irq 20
[ 1.577026] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LSA1] enabled at IRQ 23
[ 1.577418] scsi host2: sata_nv
[ 1.577769] scsi host3: sata_nv
[ 1.577814] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xc800 ctl 0xc480 bmdma 0xc000 irq 23
[ 1.577815] ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xc400 ctl 0xc080 bmdma 0xc008 irq 23
[ 1.577838] pata_amd 0000:00:06.0: version 0.4.1
[ 1.578620] scsi host4: pata_amd
[ 1.578758] scsi host5: pata_amd
[ 1.578804] ata5: PATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xffa0 irq 14
[ 1.578805] ata6: PATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xffa8 irq 15
[ 1.578927] ohci-pci 0000:00:02.0: OHCI PCI host controller
[ 1.578933] ohci-pci 0000:00:02.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 1.578954] ohci-pci 0000:00:02.0: irq 23, io mem 0xf9eff000
[ 1.635388] tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 3158.968 MHz
[ 1.635401] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x2d88e0d0b92, max_idle_ns: 440795336547 ns
[ 1.637565] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001
[ 1.637566] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.637568] usb usb2: Product: OHCI PCI host controller
[ 1.637569] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 4.9.0-8-amd64 ohci_hcd
[ 1.637569] usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:02.0
[ 1.637729] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.637751] hub 2-0:1.0: 10 ports detected
[ 1.740404] ata5.00: ATAPI: HL-DT-ST GCE-8526B, 1.03, max UDMA/33
[ 1.740408] ata5.01: ATAPI: HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8163B, 0L23, max UDMA/33
[ 1.740413] ata5: nv_mode_filter: 0x739f&0x739f->0x739f, BIOS=0x7000 (0xc0c00000) ACPI=0x701f (60:60:0x15)
[ 1.740415] ata5: nv_mode_filter: 0x739f&0x739f->0x739f, BIOS=0x7000 (0xc0c00000) ACPI=0x701f (60:60:0x15)
[ 1.745084] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/33
[ 1.765852] ata5.01: configured for UDMA/33
[ 1.900438] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 2.047434] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 2.049739] ata1.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 2.049742] ata1.00: ATA-10: Crucial_CT525MX300SSD1, M0CR060, max UDMA/133
[ 2.049743] ata1.00: 1025610768 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32)
[ 2.052708] ata1.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[ 2.053267] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 2.053554] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA Crucial_CT525MX3 R060 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 2.084264] ata1.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data
[ 2.084279] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1025610768 512-byte logical blocks: (525 GB/489 GiB)
[ 2.084381] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 2.084384] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 2.084452] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 2.084594] ata1.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data
[ 2.085474] sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 sda6 sda7 >
[ 2.085779] ata1.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data
[ 2.086025] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[ 2.163434] usb 2-1: new low-speed USB device number 2 using ohci-pci
[ 2.388500] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=c069
[ 2.388501] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 2.388502] usb 2-1: Product: USB Laser Mouse
[ 2.388503] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Logitech
[ 2.397033] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[ 2.404640] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 2.404641] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 2.408315] ata2: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 2.408888] input: Logitech USB Laser Mouse as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/0003:046D:C069.0001/input/input3
[ 2.408962] hid-generic 0003:046D:C069.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [Logitech USB Laser Mouse] on usb-0000:00:02.0-1/input0
[ 2.659606] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[ 2.855502] usb 2-2: new low-speed USB device number 3 using ohci-pci
[ 2.879526] ata4: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[ 2.882214] ata4.00: ATA-8: ST320LT007-9ZV142, 0004LVM1, max UDMA/133
[ 2.882216] ata4.00: 625142448 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32)
[ 2.887094] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 2.887290] scsi 3:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST320LT007-9ZV14 LVM1 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 2.915671] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 625142448 512-byte logical blocks: (320 GB/298 GiB)
[ 2.915673] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[ 2.915751] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 2.915753] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 2.915793] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 2.916081] scsi 4:0:0:0: CD-ROM HL-DT-ST CD-RW GCE-8526B 1.03 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 2.918507] sdb: sdb1
[ 2.918847] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[ 2.936110] scsi 4:0:1:0: CD-ROM HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM GDR8163B 0L23 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 2.948987] ata6: port disabled--ignoring
[ 2.965389] sr 4:0:0:0: [sr0] scsi3-mmc drive: 52x/52x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray
[ 2.965391] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
[ 2.965513] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0
[ 2.982732] sr 4:0:1:0: [sr1] scsi3-mmc drive: 52x/52x cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray
[ 2.982868] sr 4:0:1:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr1
[ 3.068500] random: fast init done
[ 3.081569] usb 2-2: New USB device found, idVendor=046a, idProduct=0011
[ 3.081571] usb 2-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 3.098829] input: HID 046a:0011 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/0003:046A:0011.0002/input/input4
[ 3.155658] hid-generic 0003:046A:0011.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [HID 046a:0011] on usb-0000:00:02.0-2/input0
[ 3.260566] PM: Starting manual resume from disk
[ 3.260569] PM: Hibernation image partition 8:6 present
[ 3.260570] PM: Looking for hibernation image.
[ 3.260722] PM: Image not found (code -22)
[ 3.260724] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded.
[ 3.398209] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 3.403561] usb 1-3: new high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-pci
[ 3.513775] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 3.520062] systemd[1]: systemd 232 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN)
[ 3.520200] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.
[ 3.520452] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <workhorse>.
[ 3.556861] usb 1-3: New USB device found, idVendor=05e3, idProduct=0608
[ 3.556863] usb 1-3: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0
[ 3.556864] usb 1-3: Product: USB2.0 Hub
[ 3.557256] hub 1-3:1.0: USB hub found
[ 3.557605] hub 1-3:1.0: 4 ports detected
[ 3.612084] systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
[ 3.612161] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[ 3.612194] systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
[ 3.612234] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log).
[ 3.612254] systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket.
[ 3.612317] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Audit Socket.
[ 3.612328] systemd[1]: Reached target User and Group Name Lookups.
[ 3.673495] lp: driver loaded but no devices found
[ 3.686651] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
[ 3.687609] parport_pc 00:01: reported by Plug and Play ACPI
[ 3.687671] parport0: PC-style at 0x378 (0x778), irq 7 [PCSPP,TRISTATE,EPP]
[ 3.783677] lp0: using parport0 (interrupt-driven).
[ 3.820666] EXT4-fs (sda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro
[ 3.848885] systemd-journald[212]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1
[ 3.943618] usb 2-9: new full-speed USB device number 4 using ohci-pci
[ 3.959275] acpi_cpufreq: overriding BIOS provided _PSD data
[ 3.974292] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 3.983399] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input5
[ 3.983403] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB]
[ 3.983569] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input6
[ 3.983571] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[ 4.110946] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input7
[ 4.117362] ipmi message handler version 39.2
[ 4.147146] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[ 4.147185] sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[ 4.147221] sr 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 5
[ 4.147260] sr 4:0:1:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 5
[ 4.152269] [drm] Initialized
[ 4.168758] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LAZA] enabled at IRQ 22
[ 4.168768] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:05.0: Disabling MSI
[ 4.169147] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNEA] enabled at IRQ 19
[ 4.169175] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: Disabling MSI
[ 4.169180] snd_hda_intel 0000:02:00.1: Handle vga_switcheroo audio client
[ 4.184352] kvm: Nested Virtualization enabled
[ 4.184359] kvm: Nested Paging enabled
[ 4.191831] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0
[ 4.195945] MCE: In-kernel MCE decoding enabled.
[ 4.197829] EDAC amd64: DRAM ECC disabled.
[ 4.197834] EDAC amd64: ECC disabled in the BIOS or no ECC capability, module will not load.
Either enable ECC checking or force module loading by setting 'ecc_enable_override'.
(Note that use of the override may cause unknown side effects.)
[ 4.283028] Adding 9843708k swap on /dev/sda6. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:9843708k SSFS
[ 4.375704] usb 2-9: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=0a38
[ 4.375711] usb 2-9: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 4.375716] usb 2-9: Product: Logitech USB Headset H340
[ 4.375719] usb 2-9: Manufacturer: Logitech Inc.
[ 4.381945] nvidia: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
[ 4.381957] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel.
[ 4.381958] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
[ 4.404728] nvidia-nvlink: Nvlink Core is being initialized, major device number 248
[ 4.405279] ACPI: PCI Interrupt Link [LNED] enabled at IRQ 18
[ 4.405317] vgaarb: device changed decodes: PCI:0000:02:00.0,olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=none:owns=io+mem
[ 4.405505] NVRM: loading NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 390.87 Tue Aug 21 12:33:05 PDT 2018 (using threaded interrupts)
[ 4.416003] nvidia-modeset: Loading NVIDIA Kernel Mode Setting Driver for UNIX platforms 390.87 Tue Aug 21 16:16:14 PDT 2018
[ 4.417927] [drm] [nvidia-drm] [GPU ID 0x00000200] Loading driver
[ 4.449913] input: Logitech Inc. Logitech USB Headset H340 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/usb2/2-9/2-9:1.3/0003:046D:0A38.0003/input/input8
[ 4.508246] hid-generic 0003:046D:0A38.0003: input,hiddev0,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech Inc. Logitech USB Headset H340] on usb-0000:00:02.0-9/input3
[ 4.831726] usb 2-10: new full-speed USB device number 5 using ohci-pci
[ 4.864992] EXT4-fs (sda5): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 4.880459] EXT4-fs (sda7): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 4.963770] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: autoconfig for VT1705: line_outs=1 (0x1c/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:line
[ 4.963777] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: speaker_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.963782] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: hp_outs=1 (0x1d/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.963785] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: mono: mono_out=0x0
[ 4.963788] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: inputs:
[ 4.963792] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: Rear Mic=0x1a
[ 4.963796] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: Front Mic=0x1e
[ 4.963800] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: Line=0x1b
[ 4.963803] snd_hda_codec_via hdaudioC0D0: CD=0x1f
[ 4.986369] EXT4-fs (sdb1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 5.072804] usb 2-10: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=c52b
[ 5.072811] usb 2-10: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 5.072815] usb 2-10: Product: USB Receiver
[ 5.072818] usb 2-10: Manufacturer: Logitech
[ 5.157883] logitech-djreceiver 0003:046D:C52B.0006: hiddev0,hidraw3: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:02.0-10/input2
[ 5.328340] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[ 5.424330] input: Logitech MX Ergo as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/usb2/2-10/2-10:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0006/0003:046D:406F.0007/input/input13
[ 5.425022] logitech-hidpp-device 0003:046D:406F.0007: input,hidraw4: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech MX Ergo] on usb-0000:00:02.0-10:1
[ 5.432420] input: HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=3 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/0000:02:00.1/sound/card1/input9
[ 5.432515] input: HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=7 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/0000:02:00.1/sound/card1/input10
[ 5.432601] input: HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=8 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/0000:02:00.1/sound/card1/input11
[ 5.432690] input: HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=9 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:09.0/0000:02:00.1/sound/card1/input12
[ 6.266816] random: crng init done
[ 6.266818] random: 7 urandom warning(s) missed due to ratelimiting
[ 6.416785] input: HDA NVidia Rear Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/sound/card0/input14
[ 6.416896] input: HDA NVidia Line as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/sound/card0/input15
[ 6.416985] input: HDA NVidia Line Out as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/sound/card0/input16
[ 6.819077] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp0s7: link is not ready
[ 6.819603] forcedeth 0000:00:07.0 enp0s7: MSI enabled
[ 6.820291] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp0s7: link is not ready
[ 6.820300] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp0s7: link becomes ready
[ 6.890694] aufs 4.9-20161219
[ 6.996837] vboxdrv: Found 4 processor cores
[ 7.016314] vboxdrv: TSC mode is Invariant, tentative frequency 3158957213 Hz
[ 7.016316] vboxdrv: Successfully loaded version 5.2.22 (interface 0x00290001)
[ 7.249711] VBoxNetFlt: Successfully started.
[ 7.256279] VBoxNetAdp: Successfully started.
[ 7.262637] VBoxPciLinuxInit
[ 7.265117] vboxpci: IOMMU not found (not registered)
[ 8.552921] fuse init (API version 7.26)
[ 13.210961] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
[ 13.212445] Bridge firewalling registered
[ 13.218335] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (65536 buckets, 262144 max)
[ 13.282263] Initializing XFRM netlink socket
[ 13.286975] Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30.
[ 13.288065] ctnetlink v0.93: registering with nfnetlink.
[ 13.321075] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): docker0: link is not ready
[ 13.360225] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): br-89c06f0974dc: link is not ready
[ 13.702746] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered blocking state
[ 13.702748] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered disabled state
[ 13.702816] device vetha290a09 entered promiscuous mode
[ 13.703852] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): vetha290a09: link is not ready
[ 13.703856] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered blocking state
[ 13.703857] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered forwarding state
[ 13.703948] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered disabled state
[ 14.169596] eth0: renamed from veth82cc5b0
[ 14.185097] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): vetha290a09: link becomes ready
[ 14.185137] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered blocking state
[ 14.185138] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered forwarding state
[ 14.185228] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): docker0: link becomes ready
[ 47.695412] snd_hda_codec_hdmi hdaudioC1D1: HDMI: invalid ELD data byte 0
[11727.392670] PM: Hibernation mode set to 'platform'
[11727.944277] PM: Syncing filesystems ...
[11728.061593] done.
[11728.061596] Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.002 seconds) done.
[11728.064783] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff]
[11728.064785] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0x0009f000-0x000fffff]
[11728.064788] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0xe7fb0000-0xffffffff]
[11728.065206] PM: Marking nosave pages: [mem 0xdc000000-0xdfffffff]
[11728.065536] PM: Basic memory bitmaps created
[11728.065570] PM: Preallocating image memory... done (allocated 812671 pages)
[11730.091782] PM: Allocated 3250684 kbytes in 2.02 seconds (1609.24 MB/s)
[11730.091783] Freezing remaining freezable tasks ... (elapsed 0.002 seconds) done.
[11730.094272] Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug)
[11730.095620] serial 00:04: disabled
[11730.095636] serial 00:04: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[11730.095993] parport_pc 00:01: disabled
[11730.297833] PM: freeze of devices complete after 203.537 msecs
[11730.298930] PM: late freeze of devices complete after 1.090 msecs
[11730.300192] PM: noirq freeze of devices complete after 1.256 msecs
[11730.301502] ACPI: Preparing to enter system sleep state S4
[11730.717699] PM: Saving platform NVS memory
[11730.718058] Disabling non-boot CPUs ...
[11730.718960] Broke affinity for irq 23
[11730.720043] smpboot: CPU 1 is now offline
[11730.723209] Broke affinity for irq 20
[11730.723226] Broke affinity for irq 23
[11730.724277] smpboot: CPU 2 is now offline
[11730.728201] Broke affinity for irq 9
[11730.728221] Broke affinity for irq 14
[11730.728240] Broke affinity for irq 20
[11730.728250] Broke affinity for irq 22
[11730.728260] Broke affinity for irq 23
[11730.728266] Broke affinity for irq 28
[11730.729346] smpboot: CPU 3 is now offline
[11730.731844] PM: Creating hibernation image:
[11731.111765] PM: Need to copy 810857 pages
[11731.111771] PM: Normal pages needed: 810857 + 1024, available pages: 1269574
[11730.733072] PM: Restoring platform NVS memory
[11730.733801] PCI-DMA: Resuming GART IOMMU
[11730.733802] PCI-DMA: Restoring GART aperture settings
[11730.733807] LVT offset 1 assigned for vector 0x400
[11730.733814] IBS: LVT offset 1 assigned
[11730.734088] Suspended for 52234.802 seconds
[11730.734154] Enabling non-boot CPUs ...
[11730.734634] x86: Booting SMP configuration:
[11730.734635] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 1 APIC 0x1
[11730.737390] cache: parent cpu1 should not be sleeping
[11730.737677] CPU1 is up
[11730.737967] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 2 APIC 0x2
[11730.740728] cache: parent cpu2 should not be sleeping
[11730.741070] CPU2 is up
[11730.741371] smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 3 APIC 0x3
[11730.744158] cache: parent cpu3 should not be sleeping
[11730.744651] CPU3 is up
[11730.749513] ACPI: Waking up from system sleep state S4
[11730.750317] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750386] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750496] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750556] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750616] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750794] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750867] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.750958] pci 0000:00:00.0: Found enabled HT MSI Mapping
[11730.751178] PM: noirq restore of devices complete after 1.187 msecs
[11730.751714] PM: early restore of devices complete after 0.489 msecs
[11730.851437] rtc_cmos 00:00: System wakeup disabled by ACPI
[11730.852162] parport_pc 00:01: activated
[11730.852595] serial 00:04: activated
[11730.853399] ata6: port disabled--ignoring
[11730.855784] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
[11730.855817] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Starting disk
[11730.912969] usb usb2: root hub lost power or was reset
[11730.913009] usb usb1: root hub lost power or was reset
[11730.913021] ehci-pci 0000:00:02.1: cache line size of 64 is not supported
[11731.013755] ata5.01: ACPI cmd ef/03:42:00:00:00:b0 (SET FEATURES) filtered out
[11731.013757] ata5.01: ACPI cmd ef/03:01:00:00:00:b0 (SET FEATURES) filtered out
[11731.014550] ata5.00: ACPI cmd ef/03:42:00:00:00:a0 (SET FEATURES) filtered out
[11731.014561] ata5: nv_mode_filter: 0x739f&0x739f->0x739f, BIOS=0x7000 (0xc0c00000) ACPI=0x701f (60:60:0x15)
[11731.014563] ata5: nv_mode_filter: 0x739f&0x739f->0x739f, BIOS=0x7000 (0xc0c00000) ACPI=0x701f (60:60:0x15)
[11731.019468] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/33
[11731.041496] ata5.01: configured for UDMA/33
[11731.322981] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[11731.322997] ata4: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
[11731.325282] ata1.00: ACPI cmd ef/03:46:00:00:00:a0 (SET FEATURES) filtered out
[11731.325284] ata1.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[11731.325290] ata4.00: ACPI cmd ef/03:46:00:00:00:a0 (SET FEATURES) filtered out
[11731.328250] ata1.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[11731.328799] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[11731.329059] ata1.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data
[11731.350774] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133
[11731.374991] usb 1-3: reset high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-pci
[11731.434994] usb 2-10: reset full-speed USB device number 5 using ohci-pci
[11731.573204] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[11731.573216] ata2: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[11731.823005] usb 2-9: reset full-speed USB device number 4 using ohci-pci
[11732.375288] usb 2-2: reset low-speed USB device number 3 using ohci-pci
[11733.063086] usb 2-1: reset low-speed USB device number 2 using ohci-pci
[11733.437357] PM: restore of devices complete after 2586.127 msecs
[11733.437531] PM: Image restored successfully.
[11733.437551] PM: Basic memory bitmaps freed
[11733.437552] Restarting tasks ... done.
[11734.974729] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp0s7: link is not ready
[11734.975599] forcedeth 0000:00:07.0 enp0s7: MSI enabled
[16733.296456] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered disabled state
[16733.296783] veth82cc5b0: renamed from eth0
[16733.337733] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered disabled state
[16733.341176] device vetha290a09 left promiscuous mode
[16733.341178] docker0: port 1(vetha290a09) entered disabled state

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27
bower.json Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
{
"name": "reveal.js",
"version": "3.7.0",
"main": [
"js/reveal.js",
"css/reveal.css"
],
"homepage": "http://revealjs.com",
"license": "MIT",
"description": "The HTML Presentation Framework",
"authors": [
"Hakim El Hattab <hakim.elhattab@gmail.com>"
],
"dependencies": {
"headjs": "~1.0.3"
},
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "git://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js.git"
},
"ignore": [
"**/.*",
"node_modules",
"bower_components",
"test"
]
}

203
css/print/paper.css Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
/* Default Print Stylesheet Template
by Rob Glazebrook of CSSnewbie.com
Last Updated: June 4, 2008
Feel free (nay, compelled) to edit, append, and
manipulate this file as you see fit. */
@media print {
/* SECTION 1: Set default width, margin, float, and
background. This prevents elements from extending
beyond the edge of the printed page, and prevents
unnecessary background images from printing */
html {
background: #fff;
width: auto;
height: auto;
overflow: visible;
}
body {
background: #fff;
font-size: 20pt;
width: auto;
height: auto;
border: 0;
margin: 0 5%;
padding: 0;
overflow: visible;
float: none !important;
}
/* SECTION 2: Remove any elements not needed in print.
This would include navigation, ads, sidebars, etc. */
.nestedarrow,
.controls,
.fork-reveal,
.share-reveal,
.state-background,
.reveal .progress,
.reveal .backgrounds,
.reveal .slide-number {
display: none !important;
}
/* SECTION 3: Set body font face, size, and color.
Consider using a serif font for readability. */
body, p, td, li, div {
font-size: 20pt!important;
font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif !important;
color: #000;
}
/* SECTION 4: Set heading font face, sizes, and color.
Differentiate your headings from your body text.
Perhaps use a large sans-serif for distinction. */
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
color: #000!important;
height: auto;
line-height: normal;
font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif !important;
text-shadow: 0 0 0 #000 !important;
text-align: left;
letter-spacing: normal;
}
/* Need to reduce the size of the fonts for printing */
h1 { font-size: 28pt !important; }
h2 { font-size: 24pt !important; }
h3 { font-size: 22pt !important; }
h4 { font-size: 22pt !important; font-variant: small-caps; }
h5 { font-size: 21pt !important; }
h6 { font-size: 20pt !important; font-style: italic; }
/* SECTION 5: Make hyperlinks more usable.
Ensure links are underlined, and consider appending
the URL to the end of the link for usability. */
a:link,
a:visited {
color: #000 !important;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: underline;
}
/*
.reveal a:link:after,
.reveal a:visited:after {
content: " (" attr(href) ") ";
color: #222 !important;
font-size: 90%;
}
*/
/* SECTION 6: more reveal.js specific additions by @skypanther */
ul, ol, div, p {
visibility: visible;
position: static;
width: auto;
height: auto;
display: block;
overflow: visible;
margin: 0;
text-align: left !important;
}
.reveal pre,
.reveal table {
margin-left: 0;
margin-right: 0;
}
.reveal pre code {
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.reveal blockquote {
margin: 20px 0;
}
.reveal .slides {
position: static !important;
width: auto !important;
height: auto !important;
left: 0 !important;
top: 0 !important;
margin-left: 0 !important;
margin-top: 0 !important;
padding: 0 !important;
zoom: 1 !important;
overflow: visible !important;
display: block !important;
text-align: left !important;
-webkit-perspective: none;
-moz-perspective: none;
-ms-perspective: none;
perspective: none;
-webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 50%;
-moz-perspective-origin: 50% 50%;
-ms-perspective-origin: 50% 50%;
perspective-origin: 50% 50%;
}
.reveal .slides section {
visibility: visible !important;
position: static !important;
width: auto !important;
height: auto !important;
display: block !important;
overflow: visible !important;
left: 0 !important;
top: 0 !important;
margin-left: 0 !important;
margin-top: 0 !important;
padding: 60px 20px !important;
z-index: auto !important;
opacity: 1 !important;
page-break-after: always !important;
-webkit-transform-style: flat !important;
-moz-transform-style: flat !important;
-ms-transform-style: flat !important;
transform-style: flat !important;
-webkit-transform: none !important;
-moz-transform: none !important;
-ms-transform: none !important;
transform: none !important;
-webkit-transition: none !important;
-moz-transition: none !important;
-ms-transition: none !important;
transition: none !important;
}
.reveal .slides section.stack {
padding: 0 !important;
}
.reveal section:last-of-type {
page-break-after: avoid !important;
}
.reveal section .fragment {
opacity: 1 !important;
visibility: visible !important;
-webkit-transform: none !important;
-moz-transform: none !important;
-ms-transform: none !important;
transform: none !important;
}
.reveal section img {
display: block;
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255,255,255,1);
border: 1px solid #666;
box-shadow: none;
}
.reveal section small {
font-size: 0.8em;
}
}

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/**
* This stylesheet is used to print reveal.js
* presentations to PDF.
*
* https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#pdf-export
*/
* {
-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;
}
body {
margin: 0 auto !important;
border: 0;
padding: 0;
float: none !important;
overflow: visible;
}
html {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow: visible;
}
/* Remove any elements not needed in print. */
.nestedarrow,
.reveal .controls,
.reveal .progress,
.reveal .playback,
.reveal.overview,
.fork-reveal,
.share-reveal,
.state-background {
display: none !important;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
text-shadow: 0 0 0 #000 !important;
}
.reveal pre code {
overflow: hidden !important;
font-family: Courier, 'Courier New', monospace !important;
}
ul, ol, div, p {
visibility: visible;
position: static;
width: auto;
height: auto;
display: block;
overflow: visible;
margin: auto;
}
.reveal {
width: auto !important;
height: auto !important;
overflow: hidden !important;
}
.reveal .slides {
position: static;
width: 100% !important;
height: auto !important;
zoom: 1 !important;
left: auto;
top: auto;
margin: 0 !important;
padding: 0 !important;
overflow: visible;
display: block;
perspective: none;
perspective-origin: 50% 50%;
}
.reveal .slides .pdf-page {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
z-index: 1;
page-break-after: always;
}
.reveal .slides section {
visibility: visible !important;
display: block !important;
position: absolute !important;
margin: 0 !important;
padding: 0 !important;
box-sizing: border-box !important;
min-height: 1px;
opacity: 1 !important;
transform-style: flat !important;
transform: none !important;
}
.reveal section.stack {
position: relative !important;
margin: 0 !important;
padding: 0 !important;
page-break-after: avoid !important;
height: auto !important;
min-height: auto !important;
}
.reveal img {
box-shadow: none;
}
.reveal .roll {
overflow: visible;
line-height: 1em;
}
/* Slide backgrounds are placed inside of their slide when exporting to PDF */
.reveal .slide-background {
display: block !important;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
z-index: auto !important;
}
/* Display slide speaker notes when 'showNotes' is enabled */
.reveal.show-notes {
max-width: none;
max-height: none;
}
.reveal .speaker-notes-pdf {
display: block;
width: 100%;
height: auto;
max-height: none;
top: auto;
right: auto;
bottom: auto;
left: auto;
z-index: 100;
}
/* Layout option which makes notes appear on a separate page */
.reveal .speaker-notes-pdf[data-layout="separate-page"] {
position: relative;
color: inherit;
background-color: transparent;
padding: 20px;
page-break-after: always;
border: 0;
}
/* Display slide numbers when 'slideNumber' is enabled */
.reveal .slide-number-pdf {
display: block;
position: absolute;
font-size: 14px;
}

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## Dependencies
Themes are written using Sass to keep things modular and reduce the need for repeated selectors across files. Make sure that you have the reveal.js development environment including the Grunt dependencies installed before proceeding: https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#full-setup
## Creating a Theme
To create your own theme, start by duplicating a ```.scss``` file in [/css/theme/source](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/css/theme/source). It will be automatically compiled by Grunt from Sass to CSS (see the [Gruntfile](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/Gruntfile.js)) when you run `npm run build -- css-themes`.
Each theme file does four things in the following order:
1. **Include [/css/theme/template/mixins.scss](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/css/theme/template/mixins.scss)**
Shared utility functions.
2. **Include [/css/theme/template/settings.scss](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/css/theme/template/settings.scss)**
Declares a set of custom variables that the template file (step 4) expects. Can be overridden in step 3.
3. **Override**
This is where you override the default theme. Either by specifying variables (see [settings.scss](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/css/theme/template/settings.scss) for reference) or by adding any selectors and styles you please.
4. **Include [/css/theme/template/theme.scss](https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js/blob/master/css/theme/template/theme.scss)**
The template theme file which will generate final CSS output based on the currently defined variables.

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/**
* Beige theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #f7f2d3;
background: -moz-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, white 0%, #f7f2d3 100%);
background: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center center, 100%, color-stop(0%, white), color-stop(100%, #f7f2d3));
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, white 0%, #f7f2d3 100%);
background: -o-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, white 0%, #f7f2d3 100%);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, white 0%, #f7f2d3 100%);
background: radial-gradient(center, circle cover, white 0%, #f7f2d3 100%);
background-color: #f7f3de; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Lato", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #333; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: rgba(79, 64, 28, 0.99);
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: rgba(79, 64, 28, 0.99);
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #333;
font-family: "League Gothic", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #8b743d;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #c0a86e;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #564826; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #333;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #8b743d;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #8b743d; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #8b743d; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #f7f3de; } }

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/**
* Black theme for reveal.js. This is the opposite of the 'white' theme.
*
* By Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(../../lib/font/source-sans-pro/source-sans-pro.css);
section.has-light-background, section.has-light-background h1, section.has-light-background h2, section.has-light-background h3, section.has-light-background h4, section.has-light-background h5, section.has-light-background h6 {
color: #222; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #222;
background-color: #222; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Source Sans Pro", Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 42px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #fff; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #bee4fd;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #bee4fd;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #fff;
font-family: "Source Sans Pro", Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-weight: 600;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 2.5em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 1.6em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.3em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #42affa;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #8dcffc;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #068de9; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #fff;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #42affa;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #42affa; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #42affa; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #222; } }

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/**
* Blood theme for reveal.js
* Author: Walther http://github.com/Walther
*
* Designed to be used with highlight.js theme
* "monokai_sublime.css" available from
* https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/
*
* For other themes, change $codeBackground accordingly.
*
*/
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu:300,700,300italic,700italic);
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #222;
background-color: #222; }
.reveal {
font-family: Ubuntu, "sans-serif";
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #eee; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #a23;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #a23;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #eee;
font-family: Ubuntu, "sans-serif";
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: 2px 2px 2px #222;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #a23;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #dd5566;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #6a1520; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #eee;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #a23;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #a23; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #a23; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #222; } }
.reveal p {
font-weight: 300;
text-shadow: 1px 1px #222; }
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
font-weight: 700; }
.reveal p code {
background-color: #23241f;
display: inline-block;
border-radius: 7px; }
.reveal small code {
vertical-align: baseline; }

279
css/theme/league.css Normal file
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/**
* League theme for reveal.js.
*
* This was the default theme pre-3.0.0.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #1c1e20;
background: -moz-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #555a5f 0%, #1c1e20 100%);
background: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center center, 100%, color-stop(0%, #555a5f), color-stop(100%, #1c1e20));
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #555a5f 0%, #1c1e20 100%);
background: -o-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #555a5f 0%, #1c1e20 100%);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #555a5f 0%, #1c1e20 100%);
background: radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #555a5f 0%, #1c1e20 100%);
background-color: #2b2b2b; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Lato", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #eee; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #FF5E99;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #FF5E99;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #eee;
font-family: "League Gothic", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #13DAEC;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #71e9f4;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #0d99a5; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #eee;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #13DAEC;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #13DAEC; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #13DAEC; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #2b2b2b; } }

277
css/theme/moon.css Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
/**
* Solarized Dark theme for reveal.js.
* Author: Achim Staebler
*/
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/**
* Solarized colors by Ethan Schoonover
*/
html * {
color-profile: sRGB;
rendering-intent: auto; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #002b36;
background-color: #002b36; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Lato", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #93a1a1; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #d33682;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #d33682;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #eee8d5;
font-family: "League Gothic", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #268bd2;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #78b9e6;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #1a6091; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #93a1a1;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #268bd2;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #268bd2; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #268bd2; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #002b36; } }

271
css/theme/night.css Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
/**
* Black theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:700);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #111;
background-color: #111; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #eee; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #e7ad52;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #e7ad52;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #eee;
font-family: "Montserrat", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: -0.03em;
text-transform: none;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #e7ad52;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #f3d7ac;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #d08a1d; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #eee;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #e7ad52;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #e7ad52; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #e7ad52; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #111; } }

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/**
* A simple theme for reveal.js presentations, similar
* to the default theme. The accent color is brown.
*
* This theme is Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Owen Versteeg, http://owenversteeg.com - it is MIT licensed.
*/
.reveal a {
line-height: 1.3em; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #F0F1EB;
background-color: #F0F1EB; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", Palatino, FreeSerif, serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #000; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #26351C;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #26351C;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #383D3D;
font-family: "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", Palatino, FreeSerif, serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: none;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #51483D;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #8b7c69;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #25211c; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #000;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #51483D;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #51483D; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #51483D; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #F0F1EB; } }

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/**
* A simple theme for reveal.js presentations, similar
* to the default theme. The accent color is darkblue.
*
* This theme is Copyright (C) 2012 Owen Versteeg, https://github.com/StereotypicalApps. It is MIT licensed.
* reveal.js is Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=News+Cycle:400,700);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
section.has-dark-background, section.has-dark-background h1, section.has-dark-background h2, section.has-dark-background h3, section.has-dark-background h4, section.has-dark-background h5, section.has-dark-background h6 {
color: #fff; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #fff;
background-color: #fff; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Lato", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #000; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.99);
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.99);
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #000;
font-family: "News Cycle", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: none;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #00008B;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #0000f1;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #00003f; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #000;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #00008B;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #00008B; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #00008B; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #fff; } }

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/**
* Sky theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Quicksand:400,700,400italic,700italic);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700);
.reveal a {
line-height: 1.3em; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #add9e4;
background: -moz-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #f7fbfc 0%, #add9e4 100%);
background: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center center, 100%, color-stop(0%, #f7fbfc), color-stop(100%, #add9e4));
background: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #f7fbfc 0%, #add9e4 100%);
background: -o-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #f7fbfc 0%, #add9e4 100%);
background: -ms-radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #f7fbfc 0%, #add9e4 100%);
background: radial-gradient(center, circle cover, #f7fbfc 0%, #add9e4 100%);
background-color: #f7fbfc; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #333; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #134674;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #134674;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #333;
font-family: "Quicksand", sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: -0.08em;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #3b759e;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #74a7cb;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #264c66; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #333;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #3b759e;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #3b759e; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #3b759e; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #f7fbfc; } }

277
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/**
* Solarized Light theme for reveal.js.
* Author: Achim Staebler
*/
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/**
* Solarized colors by Ethan Schoonover
*/
html * {
color-profile: sRGB;
rendering-intent: auto; }
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
background: #fdf6e3;
background-color: #fdf6e3; }
.reveal {
font-family: "Lato", sans-serif;
font-size: 40px;
font-weight: normal;
color: #657b83; }
::selection {
color: #fff;
background: #d33682;
text-shadow: none; }
::-moz-selection {
color: #fff;
background: #d33682;
text-shadow: none; }
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section > section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit; }
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: 0 0 20px 0;
color: #586e75;
font-family: "League Gothic", Impact, sans-serif;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-shadow: none;
word-wrap: break-word; }
.reveal h1 {
font-size: 3.77em; }
.reveal h2 {
font-size: 2.11em; }
.reveal h3 {
font-size: 1.55em; }
.reveal h4 {
font-size: 1em; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: none; }
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: 20px 0;
line-height: 1.3; }
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%; }
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal em {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em; }
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal; }
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc; }
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square; }
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle; }
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px; }
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); }
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block; }
.reveal q {
font-style: italic; }
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: 20px auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none; }
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal; }
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0; }
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold; }
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid; }
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center; }
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right; }
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none; }
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller; }
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top; }
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top; }
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: #268bd2;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease; }
.reveal a:hover {
color: #78b9e6;
text-shadow: none;
border: none; }
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: #1a6091; }
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
border: 4px solid #657b83;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none; }
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear; }
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
border-color: #268bd2;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55); }
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: #268bd2; }
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
color: #268bd2; }
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.26, 0.86, 0.44, 0.985); }
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: #fdf6e3; } }

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/**
* Beige theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainColor: #333;
$headingColor: #333;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$backgroundColor: #f7f3de;
$linkColor: #8b743d;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: rgba(79, 64, 28, 0.99);
$heading1TextShadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
// Background generator
@mixin bodyBackground() {
@include radial-gradient( rgba(247,242,211,1), rgba(255,255,255,1) );
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* Black theme for reveal.js. This is the opposite of the 'white' theme.
*
* By Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/source-sans-pro/source-sans-pro.css);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$backgroundColor: #222;
$mainColor: #fff;
$headingColor: #fff;
$mainFontSize: 42px;
$mainFont: 'Source Sans Pro', Helvetica, sans-serif;
$headingFont: 'Source Sans Pro', Helvetica, sans-serif;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingLetterSpacing: normal;
$headingTextTransform: uppercase;
$headingFontWeight: 600;
$linkColor: #42affa;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 15% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: lighten( $linkColor, 25% );
$heading1Size: 2.5em;
$heading2Size: 1.6em;
$heading3Size: 1.3em;
$heading4Size: 1.0em;
section.has-light-background {
&, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #222;
}
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* Blood theme for reveal.js
* Author: Walther http://github.com/Walther
*
* Designed to be used with highlight.js theme
* "monokai_sublime.css" available from
* https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/
*
* For other themes, change $codeBackground accordingly.
*
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu:300,700,300italic,700italic);
// Colors used in the theme
$blood: #a23;
$coal: #222;
$codeBackground: #23241f;
$backgroundColor: $coal;
// Main text
$mainFont: Ubuntu, 'sans-serif';
$mainColor: #eee;
// Headings
$headingFont: Ubuntu, 'sans-serif';
$headingTextShadow: 2px 2px 2px $coal;
// h1 shadow, borrowed humbly from
// (c) Default theme by Hakim El Hattab
$heading1TextShadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
// Links
$linkColor: $blood;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
// Text selection
$selectionBackgroundColor: $blood;
$selectionColor: #fff;
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------
// some overrides after theme template import
.reveal p {
font-weight: 300;
text-shadow: 1px 1px $coal;
}
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
font-weight: 700;
}
.reveal p code {
background-color: $codeBackground;
display: inline-block;
border-radius: 7px;
}
.reveal small code {
vertical-align: baseline;
}

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/**
* League theme for reveal.js.
*
* This was the default theme pre-3.0.0.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$headingTextShadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
$heading1TextShadow: 0 1px 0 #ccc, 0 2px 0 #c9c9c9, 0 3px 0 #bbb, 0 4px 0 #b9b9b9, 0 5px 0 #aaa, 0 6px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3), 0 3px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2), 0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.25), 0 20px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.15);
// Background generator
@mixin bodyBackground() {
@include radial-gradient( rgba(28,30,32,1), rgba(85,90,95,1) );
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* Solarized Dark theme for reveal.js.
* Author: Achim Staebler
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/**
* Solarized colors by Ethan Schoonover
*/
html * {
color-profile: sRGB;
rendering-intent: auto;
}
// Solarized colors
$base03: #002b36;
$base02: #073642;
$base01: #586e75;
$base00: #657b83;
$base0: #839496;
$base1: #93a1a1;
$base2: #eee8d5;
$base3: #fdf6e3;
$yellow: #b58900;
$orange: #cb4b16;
$red: #dc322f;
$magenta: #d33682;
$violet: #6c71c4;
$blue: #268bd2;
$cyan: #2aa198;
$green: #859900;
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainColor: $base1;
$headingColor: $base2;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$backgroundColor: $base03;
$linkColor: $blue;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: $magenta;
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* Black theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:700);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700,400italic,700italic);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$backgroundColor: #111;
$mainFont: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
$linkColor: #e7ad52;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$headingFont: 'Montserrat', Impact, sans-serif;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingLetterSpacing: -0.03em;
$headingTextTransform: none;
$selectionBackgroundColor: #e7ad52;
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* A simple theme for reveal.js presentations, similar
* to the default theme. The accent color is brown.
*
* This theme is Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Owen Versteeg, http://owenversteeg.com - it is MIT licensed.
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainFont: 'Palatino Linotype', 'Book Antiqua', Palatino, FreeSerif, serif;
$mainColor: #000;
$headingFont: 'Palatino Linotype', 'Book Antiqua', Palatino, FreeSerif, serif;
$headingColor: #383D3D;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingTextTransform: none;
$backgroundColor: #F0F1EB;
$linkColor: #51483D;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: #26351C;
.reveal a {
line-height: 1.3em;
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* A simple theme for reveal.js presentations, similar
* to the default theme. The accent color is darkblue.
*
* This theme is Copyright (C) 2012 Owen Versteeg, https://github.com/StereotypicalApps. It is MIT licensed.
* reveal.js is Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=News+Cycle:400,700);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainFont: 'Lato', sans-serif;
$mainColor: #000;
$headingFont: 'News Cycle', Impact, sans-serif;
$headingColor: #000;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingTextTransform: none;
$backgroundColor: #fff;
$linkColor: #00008B;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.99);
section.has-dark-background {
&, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #fff;
}
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

46
css/theme/source/sky.scss Normal file
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/**
* Sky theme for reveal.js.
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Quicksand:400,700,400italic,700italic);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,400,700);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainFont: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
$mainColor: #333;
$headingFont: 'Quicksand', sans-serif;
$headingColor: #333;
$headingLetterSpacing: -0.08em;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$backgroundColor: #f7fbfc;
$linkColor: #3b759e;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: #134674;
// Fix links so they are not cut off
.reveal a {
line-height: 1.3em;
}
// Background generator
@mixin bodyBackground() {
@include radial-gradient( #add9e4, #f7fbfc );
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* Solarized Light theme for reveal.js.
* Author: Achim Staebler
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/league-gothic/league-gothic.css);
@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic);
/**
* Solarized colors by Ethan Schoonover
*/
html * {
color-profile: sRGB;
rendering-intent: auto;
}
// Solarized colors
$base03: #002b36;
$base02: #073642;
$base01: #586e75;
$base00: #657b83;
$base0: #839496;
$base1: #93a1a1;
$base2: #eee8d5;
$base3: #fdf6e3;
$yellow: #b58900;
$orange: #cb4b16;
$red: #dc322f;
$magenta: #d33682;
$violet: #6c71c4;
$blue: #268bd2;
$cyan: #2aa198;
$green: #859900;
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$mainColor: $base00;
$headingColor: $base01;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$backgroundColor: $base3;
$linkColor: $blue;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: $magenta;
// Background generator
// @mixin bodyBackground() {
// @include radial-gradient( rgba($base3,1), rgba(lighten($base3, 20%),1) );
// }
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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/**
* White theme for reveal.js. This is the opposite of the 'black' theme.
*
* By Hakim El Hattab, http://hakim.se
*/
// Default mixins and settings -----------------
@import "../template/mixins";
@import "../template/settings";
// ---------------------------------------------
// Include theme-specific fonts
@import url(../../lib/font/source-sans-pro/source-sans-pro.css);
// Override theme settings (see ../template/settings.scss)
$backgroundColor: #fff;
$mainColor: #222;
$headingColor: #222;
$mainFontSize: 42px;
$mainFont: 'Source Sans Pro', Helvetica, sans-serif;
$headingFont: 'Source Sans Pro', Helvetica, sans-serif;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingLetterSpacing: normal;
$headingTextTransform: uppercase;
$headingFontWeight: 600;
$linkColor: #2a76dd;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 15% );
$selectionBackgroundColor: lighten( $linkColor, 25% );
$heading1Size: 2.5em;
$heading2Size: 1.6em;
$heading3Size: 1.3em;
$heading4Size: 1.0em;
section.has-dark-background {
&, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #fff;
}
}
// Theme template ------------------------------
@import "../template/theme";
// ---------------------------------------------

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@mixin vertical-gradient( $top, $bottom ) {
background: $top;
background: -moz-linear-gradient( top, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -webkit-gradient( linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,$top), color-stop(100%,$bottom) );
background: -webkit-linear-gradient( top, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -o-linear-gradient( top, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -ms-linear-gradient( top, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: linear-gradient( top, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
}
@mixin horizontal-gradient( $top, $bottom ) {
background: $top;
background: -moz-linear-gradient( left, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -webkit-gradient( linear, left top, right top, color-stop(0%,$top), color-stop(100%,$bottom) );
background: -webkit-linear-gradient( left, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -o-linear-gradient( left, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: -ms-linear-gradient( left, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
background: linear-gradient( left, $top 0%, $bottom 100% );
}
@mixin radial-gradient( $outer, $inner, $type: circle ) {
background: $outer;
background: -moz-radial-gradient( center, $type cover, $inner 0%, $outer 100% );
background: -webkit-gradient( radial, center center, 0px, center center, 100%, color-stop(0%,$inner), color-stop(100%,$outer) );
background: -webkit-radial-gradient( center, $type cover, $inner 0%, $outer 100% );
background: -o-radial-gradient( center, $type cover, $inner 0%, $outer 100% );
background: -ms-radial-gradient( center, $type cover, $inner 0%, $outer 100% );
background: radial-gradient( center, $type cover, $inner 0%, $outer 100% );
}

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// Base settings for all themes that can optionally be
// overridden by the super-theme
// Background of the presentation
$backgroundColor: #2b2b2b;
// Primary/body text
$mainFont: 'Lato', sans-serif;
$mainFontSize: 40px;
$mainColor: #eee;
// Vertical spacing between blocks of text
$blockMargin: 20px;
// Headings
$headingMargin: 0 0 $blockMargin 0;
$headingFont: 'League Gothic', Impact, sans-serif;
$headingColor: #eee;
$headingLineHeight: 1.2;
$headingLetterSpacing: normal;
$headingTextTransform: uppercase;
$headingTextShadow: none;
$headingFontWeight: normal;
$heading1TextShadow: $headingTextShadow;
$heading1Size: 3.77em;
$heading2Size: 2.11em;
$heading3Size: 1.55em;
$heading4Size: 1.00em;
// Links and actions
$linkColor: #13DAEC;
$linkColorHover: lighten( $linkColor, 20% );
// Text selection
$selectionBackgroundColor: #FF5E99;
$selectionColor: #fff;
// Generates the presentation background, can be overridden
// to return a background image or gradient
@mixin bodyBackground() {
background: $backgroundColor;
}

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// Base theme template for reveal.js
/*********************************************
* GLOBAL STYLES
*********************************************/
body {
@include bodyBackground();
background-color: $backgroundColor;
}
.reveal {
font-family: $mainFont;
font-size: $mainFontSize;
font-weight: normal;
color: $mainColor;
}
::selection {
color: $selectionColor;
background: $selectionBackgroundColor;
text-shadow: none;
}
::-moz-selection {
color: $selectionColor;
background: $selectionBackgroundColor;
text-shadow: none;
}
.reveal .slides section,
.reveal .slides section>section {
line-height: 1.3;
font-weight: inherit;
}
/*********************************************
* HEADERS
*********************************************/
.reveal h1,
.reveal h2,
.reveal h3,
.reveal h4,
.reveal h5,
.reveal h6 {
margin: $headingMargin;
color: $headingColor;
font-family: $headingFont;
font-weight: $headingFontWeight;
line-height: $headingLineHeight;
letter-spacing: $headingLetterSpacing;
text-transform: $headingTextTransform;
text-shadow: $headingTextShadow;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
.reveal h1 {font-size: $heading1Size; }
.reveal h2 {font-size: $heading2Size; }
.reveal h3 {font-size: $heading3Size; }
.reveal h4 {font-size: $heading4Size; }
.reveal h1 {
text-shadow: $heading1TextShadow;
}
/*********************************************
* OTHER
*********************************************/
.reveal p {
margin: $blockMargin 0;
line-height: 1.3;
}
/* Ensure certain elements are never larger than the slide itself */
.reveal img,
.reveal video,
.reveal iframe {
max-width: 95%;
max-height: 95%;
}
.reveal strong,
.reveal b {
font-weight: bold;
}
.reveal em {
font-style: italic;
}
.reveal ol,
.reveal dl,
.reveal ul {
display: inline-block;
text-align: left;
margin: 0 0 0 1em;
}
.reveal ol {
list-style-type: decimal;
}
.reveal ul {
list-style-type: disc;
}
.reveal ul ul {
list-style-type: square;
}
.reveal ul ul ul {
list-style-type: circle;
}
.reveal ul ul,
.reveal ul ol,
.reveal ol ol,
.reveal ol ul {
display: block;
margin-left: 40px;
}
.reveal dt {
font-weight: bold;
}
.reveal dd {
margin-left: 40px;
}
.reveal blockquote {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 70%;
margin: $blockMargin auto;
padding: 5px;
font-style: italic;
background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}
.reveal blockquote p:first-child,
.reveal blockquote p:last-child {
display: inline-block;
}
.reveal q {
font-style: italic;
}
.reveal pre {
display: block;
position: relative;
width: 90%;
margin: $blockMargin auto;
text-align: left;
font-size: 0.55em;
font-family: monospace;
line-height: 1.2em;
word-wrap: break-word;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
}
.reveal code {
font-family: monospace;
text-transform: none;
}
.reveal pre code {
display: block;
padding: 5px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 400px;
word-wrap: normal;
}
.reveal table {
margin: auto;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
.reveal table th {
font-weight: bold;
}
.reveal table th,
.reveal table td {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.2em 0.5em;
border-bottom: 1px solid;
}
.reveal table th[align="center"],
.reveal table td[align="center"] {
text-align: center;
}
.reveal table th[align="right"],
.reveal table td[align="right"] {
text-align: right;
}
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child th,
.reveal table tbody tr:last-child td {
border-bottom: none;
}
.reveal sup {
vertical-align: super;
font-size: smaller;
}
.reveal sub {
vertical-align: sub;
font-size: smaller;
}
.reveal small {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.6em;
line-height: 1.2em;
vertical-align: top;
}
.reveal small * {
vertical-align: top;
}
/*********************************************
* LINKS
*********************************************/
.reveal a {
color: $linkColor;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-transition: color .15s ease;
-moz-transition: color .15s ease;
transition: color .15s ease;
}
.reveal a:hover {
color: $linkColorHover;
text-shadow: none;
border: none;
}
.reveal .roll span:after {
color: #fff;
background: darken( $linkColor, 15% );
}
/*********************************************
* IMAGES
*********************************************/
.reveal section img {
margin: 15px 0px;
background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
border: 4px solid $mainColor;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
.reveal section img.plain {
border: 0;
box-shadow: none;
}
.reveal a img {
-webkit-transition: all .15s linear;
-moz-transition: all .15s linear;
transition: all .15s linear;
}
.reveal a:hover img {
background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
border-color: $linkColor;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
}
/*********************************************
* NAVIGATION CONTROLS
*********************************************/
.reveal .controls {
color: $linkColor;
}
/*********************************************
* PROGRESS BAR
*********************************************/
.reveal .progress {
background: rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
color: $linkColor;
}
.reveal .progress span {
-webkit-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.260, 0.860, 0.440, 0.985);
-moz-transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.260, 0.860, 0.440, 0.985);
transition: width 800ms cubic-bezier(0.260, 0.860, 0.440, 0.985);
}
/*********************************************
* PRINT BACKGROUND
*********************************************/
@media print {
.backgrounds {
background-color: $backgroundColor;
}
}

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