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<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
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</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Bash Scripting</h2>
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<h3>Einführung und Übung</h3>
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<aside class="notes">
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Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
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Erste skripte, Übungen
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</aside>
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</section>
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||||
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<section>
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<h2>vim und emacs</h2>
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<h3>Die mächtigen Unix Editoren</h3>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
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<h3>vim</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment">ein Editor für die shell </li>
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<li class="fragment">immer da, oft in der alten Variante „vi“ </li>
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<li class="fragment">Vi IMproved</li>
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<li class="fragment">komplett per Kürzel steuerbar </li>
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<li class="fragment">umfassend anpassbar </li>
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<li class="fragment">erweiterbar </li>
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<li class="fragment">syntax highlighting </li>
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<li class="fragment">vim ist einfach cool ;-)</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Bash Scripting - Warum sollte ich das tun??</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment">Automatisierung</li>
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<li class="fragment">Vereinfacht komplizierte Vorgänge</li>
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<li class="fragment">Verringert den Fehlerfaktor „Mensch“</li>
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<li class="fragment" >YOLO !!1!</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="convex">
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<h3>Grundlegende Mechanismen</h3>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p> Begriffe
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<table style="font-size: .4em">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Wurzelverzeichnis / (engl. root)
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Höchstes Verzeichnis im Verzeichnisbaum
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Das Verzeichnis, in dem Sie sich im Augenblick befinden
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Vollständige Pfadangabe
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Ein Pfadname beginnend mit / (Wurzel); alle anderen Verzeichnisse werden ebenfalls mit einem / getrennt.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Relative Pfadangabe
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Der Pfad ist relativ zum aktuellen Arbeitsverzeichnis; hierbei wird kein voranstehendes / verwendet.
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Vollständiger Dateiname
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Pfadangabe inklusive Angabe zur entsprechenden Datei (bspw. /home/you/Dokumente/brief.txt)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext">Vollständiger Pfadname
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Pfadangabe zu einem Verzeichnis, in dem sich die entsprechende Datei befindet (bspw. /home/you/Dokumente)
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext"><b>..</b> (zwei Punkte)
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Verweisen auf ein Inhaltsverzeichnis, das sich eine Ebene höher befindet
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td class="tabellentext"><b>. </b>(ein Punkt)
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</td>
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<td class="tabellentext">Verweist auf das aktuelle Inhaltsverzeichnis
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p> Benennung von scripten
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">(lieber) kein Name, den es bereits als Kommando gibt. Einfach testen mit <pre><code>which script_name</code></pre></li>
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<li class="fragment ">Nur die Zeichen {A..Z}, {a..z}, {0..9} und _ . Sonderzeichen und [space] vermeiden.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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</section>
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<section style="font-size: .6em">
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<h3>Sonderzeichen in der Shell
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<pre><code>; Befehls-Trennzeichen
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& Hintergrund-Verarbeitung
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( ) Befehls-Gruppierung
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| Pipe
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< > & Umlenkungssymbole
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* ? [ ] ~ + - @ ! Meta-Zeichen für Dateinamen
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` ` (Backticks) Befehls-Substitution
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$ Variablen-Substitution
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[newline] [space] [tab] Wort-Trennzeichen</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>Variablen</h3>
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<pre><code> a=hello # einer Variablen "a" den Wert "hello" zuweisen
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echo $a # die Variable "a" stdout ausgeben
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a=7 # der Variablen "a" einen neuen Wert zuweisen
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b=8 # einer Variablen "b" den Wert "8" zuweisen
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c=$[a+b] # einer Variablen "c" die Summe von a+b zuweisen
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echo $c # die Variable "c" an stdout ausgeben</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>vordefinierte Variablen ( Auszug ;-) )</h3>
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<pre><code>* Alle Aufrufparameter als ein String ("$*" == "$1 $2 $3 ...")
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@ Alle Aufrufparameter als einzelne Strings ("$@" == "$1" "$2" "$3" ...)
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# Anzahl der Aufrufparameter
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? Rückgabewert des letzten Kommandos
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$ Prozessnummer der aktiven Shell
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0 Name des aktuellen script
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ERRNO Fehlernummer des letzten fehlgeschlagenen Systemaufrufs
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PWD Aktuelles Verzeichnis (wird durch cd gesetzt)
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PATH Suchpfade
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USER Benutzername</code></pre>
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<p>Beispiele
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<pre><code>echo $PATH</code></pre>
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<pre><code>echo $$</code></pre>
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<p><small>Mehr: <a href="http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/shellvars" target="_blank">http://wiki.bash-hackers.org/syntax/shellvars</a></small></p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p>Var. Zuweisung: <pre><code>a=10</code></pre>
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<p>Var. Abruf: <pre><code>echo $a</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p>Programmstart
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment">Programm startet durch Aufruf : <pre><code>ls</code></pre></li>
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<li class="fragment">überall im Verz. Baum</li>
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<li class="fragment">Script muss executable gemacht werden<pre><code>chmod +x tolles_script.sh</code></pre></li>
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<li class="fragment">Script startet durch Aufruf<pre><code>./tolles-script.sh</code></pre></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section style="font-size: .6em">
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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clear
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echo "Diese Infos werden von mysystem.sh bereitgestellt."
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echo "Hallo, $USER"
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echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"`, dies ist Woche Nr. `date +"%V"`."
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echo
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echo "Diese Benutzer sind im Moment verbunden:"
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w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u
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echo
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echo "Dies ist `uname -s` und wir laufen auf einem $(uname -m) Prozessor."
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echo
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echo "Die uptime ist:"
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uptime
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MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
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printf "${MSG}"</code></pre>
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<small><a href="https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/raw/master/beispiele/mysystem.sh" target="_blank">https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs/raw/master/beispiele/mysystem.sh</a></small>
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</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code>echo "Hallo, $USER"</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"` "</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>`uname -s` vs $(uname -s) </code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
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printf "${MSG}"</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p>Ausführende Shell festlegen ( sog. She-Bang )</p>
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash</code></pre>
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<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env ruby</code></pre>
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<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3</code></pre>
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<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/php</code></pre>
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<span class="fragment">
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Nötig, damit die shell weiss, wie das script interpretiert werden soll.</span>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>Die 5 Level eines Vim Magiers</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Level 0: nichts über vim wissen
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<li>Level 1: vim basics kennen
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<li>Level 2: den visual mode kennen
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<li>Level 3: diverse „motions“ kennen
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<li>Level 4: den visual mode nicht brauchen
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</ul>
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<p>https://danielmiessler.com/study/vim/
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</section>
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</div>
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<section>
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Script ohne she-bang:
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<pre><code>bash mysql-backpup.sh</code></pre>
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<pre><code>. mysql-backpup.sh</code></pre>
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<span class="fragment">oder
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<pre><code>php mysql-backpup.php</code></pre>
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<span class="fragment">oder
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<pre><code>ruby mysql-backpup.rb</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p>Prozess in der bash - Erklärung:</p>
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<div class="fragment">
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<p>neue Datei anlegen : finduser </p>
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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find / -user dany -print 2>/dev/null</code></pre>
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</div>
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<div class="fragment">
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Dann im Terminal ausführen
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<pre><code>dany@laptop:~/bin$ chmod u+x finduser
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dany@laptop:~/bin$ ./finduser 1>/dev/null &</code></pre>
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<pre><code>dany@laptop:~/bin$ ps -f</code></pre>
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</div>
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<aside class="notes">
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</aside>
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</section>
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<section style="font-size: .7em">
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<pre><code>UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
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dany 4987 23893 0 12:50 pts/4 00:00:00 /bin/bash ./finduser
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dany 4988 4987 68 12:50 pts/4 00:00:01 find / -user dany -print
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dany 5011 23893 0 12:50 pts/4 00:00:00 ps -f
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dany 23893 4143 0 12:33 pts/4 00:00:00 bash
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</code></pre>
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<p class="fragment "> Die bash startet eine sub-shell, in der das Kommando ausgeführt wird
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<p class="fragment "> Der <span class="fragment highlight-red">Kontext</span> aller Script Variablen ist der der <span class="fragment highlight-red">sub-shell</span>
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</section>
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<section>
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Damit Script wie Programm startet:
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">Pfad d. Skriptes der $PATH Variable hinzufügen</li>
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<li class="fragment "><pre><code>export PATH=$PATH:/pfad/zum/script</code></pre></li>
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<li class="fragment ">muss in die .bashrc</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Best Practice: Scripte in Ordner <code>~/bin/</code> -> diesen zur <code>$PATH</code> dazu</li>
|
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</ul>
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<aside class="notes">
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PATH nur in der aktuellen Sizung -> sonst in die .bashrc
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</aside>
|
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</section>
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<section>
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Ein weiteres Beispiel:
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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suf=$1
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if [ $# -gt 0 ]
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then
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for file in *.$suf; do
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bn=`basename "$file" .$suf | tr [:blank:] _`
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new=$bn.$suf
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echo "neuer Dateiname:"
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echo $new
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mv "$file" $new
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done
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else
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echo "Verwendung: strip-space.sh SUFFIX"
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echo "Beende ...."
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fi
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</code></pre>
|
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</section>
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<section>
|
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<p>Kommando Verkettung</p>
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||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li class="fragment ">this</li>
|
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</ul>
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</section>
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</div>
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</div>
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<script src="lib/js/head.min.js"></script>
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||||
|
|
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
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<!doctype html>
|
||||
<html lang="de">
|
||||
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
|
||||
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
|
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<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<body>
|
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<div class="reveal">
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<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
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<div class="slides">
|
||||
|
||||
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
|
||||
<h1>LINUX</h1>
|
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<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
|
||||
<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 4
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<aside class="notes">
|
||||
Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
|
||||
</aside>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
<h2>vim und emacs</h2>
|
||||
<h3>Die mächtigen Unix Editoren</h3>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
|
||||
<h3>vim</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">ein Editor für die shell </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">immer da, oft in der alten Variante „vi“ </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">Vi IMproved</li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">komplett per Kürzel steuerbar </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">umfassend anpassbar </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">erweiterbar </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">syntax highlighting </li>
|
||||
<li class="fragment">vim ist einfach cool ;-)</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
<h3>Die 5 Level eines Vim Magiers</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Level 0: nichts über vim wissen
|
||||
<li>Level 1: vim basics kennen
|
||||
<li>Level 2: den visual mode kennen
|
||||
<li>Level 3: diverse „motions“ kennen
|
||||
<li>Level 4: den visual mode nicht brauchen
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>https://danielmiessler.com/study/vim/
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
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<script src="lib/js/head.min.js"></script>
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|
||||
});
|
||||
|
||||
</script>
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
|
||||
for f in {1..9}; do
|
||||
touch "$f xx.txt"
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
|
||||
for f in {1..9}; do
|
||||
touch "$f xx.txt"
|
||||
done
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
|
||||
find / -user dany -print 2>/dev/null
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,24 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
clear
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Diese Infos werden von mysystem.sh bereitgestellt."
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Hallo, $USER"
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Heute ist der `date \"+%d.%m.%Y - %H:%M:%S\"`, dies ist Woche Nr. `date +"%V"`."
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Diese Benutzer sind im Moment verbunden:"
|
||||
w | cut -d " " -f 1 - | grep -v USER | sort -u
|
||||
echo
|
||||
echo "Dies ist `uname -s` und wir laufen auf einem `uname -m` Prozessor."
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Dies ist `uname -s` und wir laufen auf einem $(uname -m) Prozessor."
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Die uptime ist:"
|
||||
uptime
|
||||
echo
|
||||
|
||||
echo "Das ist alles!"
|
||||
MSG="\nDas ist alles! Bye, $USER! \n\n"
|
||||
printf "${MSG}"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
suf=$1
|
||||
if [ $# -gt 0 ]
|
||||
then
|
||||
for f in *.$suf; do
|
||||
bn=`basename "$f" .$suf | tr [:blank:] _`
|
||||
new=$bn.$suf
|
||||
echo "neuer Dateiname:"
|
||||
echo $new
|
||||
mv "$f" $new
|
||||
done
|
||||
else
|
||||
echo "Kein Suffix gegeben!!"
|
||||
echo "Verwendung: strip-space.sh SUFFIX"
|
||||
echo "Beende ...."
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
[ 5.328340] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
|
||||
[ 5.424330] input: Logitech MX Ergo as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/usb2/2-10/2-10:1.2/0003:046D:C52B.0006/0003:046D:406F.0007/input/input13
|
||||
[ 5.425022] logitech-hidpp-device 0003:046D:406F.0007: input,hidraw4: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Logitech MX Ergo] on usb-0000:00:02.0-10:1
|
||||
[11730.912969] usb usb2: root hub lost power or was reset
|
||||
[11730.913009] usb usb1: root hub lost power or was reset
|
||||
[11731.374991] usb 1-3: reset high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-pci
|
||||
[11731.434994] usb 2-10: reset full-speed USB device number 5 using ohci-pci
|
||||
[11731.823005] usb 2-9: reset full-speed USB device number 4 using ohci-pci
|
||||
[11732.375288] usb 2-2: reset low-speed USB device number 3 using ohci-pci
|
||||
[11733.063086] usb 2-1: reset low-speed USB device number 2 using ohci-pci
|
||||
|
|
@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
|
|||
<li><a href="3.html">3. Abend</a></li>
|
||||
<li><a href="4.html">4. Abend</a></li>
|
||||
</ol>
|
||||
|
||||
<p>Quellen hier: <a href="https://git.scytec.de/danthefan/linuxkurs">GitLab</a></p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="ui segment">
|
||||
<h2><i class="icon file pdf outline"></i>PDF</h2>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue