523 lines
15 KiB
HTML
523 lines
15 KiB
HTML
<!doctype html>
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<html lang="de">
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Einführung in Linux</title>
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<meta name="description" content="YALC - Yet Another Linux Course ">
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<meta name="author" content="Daniel Schubert">
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<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/reveal.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme/league.css" id="theme">
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<link rel="icon" href="img/openlogo-nd-25.png" type="img/png">
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<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighting of code -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="lib/css/zenburn.css">
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<!-- Printing and PDF exports -->
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<script>
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var link = document.createElement( 'link' );
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link.rel = 'stylesheet';
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link.type = 'text/css';
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link.href = window.location.search.match( /print-pdf/gi ) ? 'css/print/pdf.css' : 'css/print/paper.css';
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document.getElementsByTagName( 'head' )[0].appendChild( link );
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</script>
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<style type="text/css">
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.reveal img{ max-height: 60vh}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="reveal">
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<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
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<div class="slides">
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
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<h1>LINUX</h1>
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<h3>Das universelle Betriebssystem</h3>
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<p>Eine Einführung - Teil 15
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<p> <small>Deutsche Angestellten Akademie</small> </p>
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<aside class="notes">
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Frage: Fragen zur letzten Stunde?
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</aside>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>lampp stack</h3> Linux & Apache & mysql & php</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo apt install apache2 mysql-server phpmyadmin</code></pre>
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<pre><code class="bash">~$ mysql -u root -p
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MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'some_very_complex_password';
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MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO 'newuser'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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MariaDB [(none)]> \q
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</code></pre>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">http://localhost/phpmyadmin</li>
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<li class="fragment ">user: phpmyadmin</li>
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<li class="fragment ">http://localhost/phpmyadmin</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>mysql</h3>
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</section>
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<section>
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mysql ist eine „relationale Datenbank”
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<p><blockquote> Relationale Datenbanken versuchen, die Realität in einem Datenmodell abzubilden.</blockquote>
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<ul>
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<li>Jede Zeile einer Tabelle ist ein Datensatz</li>
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<li>Jede Zeile ( Tupel ) besteht aus <strong>Attributen</strong> ( die Spalten )</li>
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<li>Über <strong>Primärschlüssel</strong> werden Beziehungen hergestellt</li>
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<li>Eine Datenbank kann viele Tabellen beinhalten</li>
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<li>Die Tabellen stehen in Beziehung ( Relation )</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<img src="img/relationales_datenbankmodell_beispiel.jpg">
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<p><small style="font-size:.4em">Quelle: http://www.datenbanken-verstehen.de/datenbank-grundlagen/datenbankmodell/relationales-datenbankmodell/</small>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>Normalisierung</h4>
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Aufteilung der Attribute (Spalten) in mehrere Relationen ( Tabellen ), so dass eine Form ohne Redundanzen entsteht.
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</section>
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<section>
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<img src="img/Aufspaltung_einer_Tabelle_in_zwei_(Beispiel).svg">
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</section>
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<section>
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tr>
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<td>Rg Nr</td>
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<td>Datum</td>
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<td>Name</td>
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<td>Straße</td>
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<td>Ort</td>
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<td>Artikel</td>
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<td>Anzahl</td>
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<td>Preis</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>143</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>Max Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse 4</td>
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<td>75179 Pforzheim</td>
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<td>Bleistift</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>1,00€</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</section>
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<section>
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1. Normalform
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tr>
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<td>Rg Nr</td>
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<td>Datum</td>
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<td>Vor Name</td>
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<td>Nach Name</td>
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<td>Straße</td>
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<td>Hausnr</td>
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<td>PLZ</td>
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<td>Ort</td>
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<td>Artikel</td>
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<td>Anzahl</td>
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<td>Preis</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>143</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>Max</td>
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<td>Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse</td>
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<td> 4</td>
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<td>75179</td>
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<td> Pforzheim</td>
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<td>Bleistift</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>1,00€</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</section>
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<section>
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tr>
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<td>Rg Nr</td>
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<td>Datum</td>
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<td>Vor Name</td>
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<td>Nach Name</td>
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<td>Straße</td>
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<td>Hausnr</td>
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<td>PLZ</td>
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<td>Ort</td>
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<td>Artikel</td>
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<td>Anzahl</td>
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<td>Preis</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>144</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>Max</td>
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<td>Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse</td>
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<td> 4</td>
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<td>75179</td>
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<td> Pforzheim</td>
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<td>Bleistift</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>1,00€</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>145</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>Max</td>
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<td>Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse</td>
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<td> 4</td>
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<td>75179</td>
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<td> Pforzheim</td>
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<td>Tüte</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>0,10€</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>146</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>Max</td>
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<td>Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse</td>
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<td> 4</td>
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<td>75179</td>
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<td> Pforzheim</td>
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<td>Ratzefummel</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>1,50€</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</section>
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<section>
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Kunden
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tr>
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<td>ID</td>
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<td>Vor Name</td>
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<td>Nach Name</td>
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<td>Straße</td>
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<td>Hausnr</td>
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<td>PLZ</td>
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<td>Ort</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>1234</td>
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<td>Max</td>
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<td>Müller</td>
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<td>Trumstrasse</td>
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<td> 4</td>
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<td>75179</td>
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<td> Pforzheim</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<hr>
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<div>
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Rechnungen:
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tr>
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<td>Rg Nr</td>
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<td>Datum</td>
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<td>KundenID</td>
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<td>Artikel</td>
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<td>Anzahl</td>
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<td>Preis</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>144</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>1234</td>
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<td>Bleistift</td>
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<td>1001</td>
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<td>1,00</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>145</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>1234</td>
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<td>Tüte</td>
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<td>12</td>
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<td>0,10</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>146</td>
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<td>01.04.2018</td>
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<td>1234</td>
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<td>Ratzefummel</td>
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<td>32</td>
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<td>1,50</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section>
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<img src="img/Wp_Normal_1_301208_165800.JPG">
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</section>
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<section>
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Verbindung aufnehmen:
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<pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo mysql
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# oder:
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~$ mysql -u BENUTZERNAME -p -h localhost
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</code></pre>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">-u : Username</li>
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<li class="fragment ">-p : Passwort abfragen</li>
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<li class="fragment ">-h : Host</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>Datenbank erstellen
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<pre style="font-size:.4em"><code class="sql">CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test;
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USE test;
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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS books (
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BookID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
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Title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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SeriesID INT, AuthorID INT);
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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS authors
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(id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT);
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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS series
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(id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT);
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INSERT INTO books (Title,SeriesID,AuthorID)
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VALUES('The Fellowship of the Ring',1,1),
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('The Two Towers',1,1), ('The Return of the King',1,1),
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('The Sum of All Men',2,2), ('Brotherhood of the Wolf',2,2),
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('Wizardborn',2,2), ('The Hobbbit',0,1);</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>Tabellen anzeigen
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<pre><code class="sql">
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SHOW TABLES;
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+----------------+
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| Tables_in_test |
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+----------------+
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| authors |
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| books |
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| series |
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+----------------+
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3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code class="sql">DESCRIBE books;
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+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
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| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
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+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
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| BookID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
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| Title | varchar(100) | NO | | NULL | |
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| SeriesID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
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| AuthorID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
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+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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Daten anzeigen:
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<pre><code class="sql">SELECT * FROM books;
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+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
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| BookID | Title | SeriesID | AuthorID |
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+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
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| 1 | The Fellowship of the Ring | 1 | 1 |
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| 2 | The Two Towers | 1 | 1 |
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| 3 | The Return of the King | 1 | 1 |
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| 4 | The Sum of All Men | 2 | 2 |
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| 5 | Brotherhood of the Wolf | 2 | 2 |
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| 6 | Wizardborn | 2 | 2 |
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| 7 | The Hobbbit | 0 | 1 |
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+--------+----------------------------+----------+----------+
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7 rows in set (0.00 sec)</code></pre></section>
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<section>Daten einfügen:
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<pre><code class="sql">INSERT INTO books (Title, SeriesID, AuthorID)
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VALUES ("Lair of Bones", 2, 2);
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)</code></pre>
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<pre><code>SELECT * FROM books;</code></pre></section>
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<section>
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Daten modifizieren:
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<pre><code class="sql">UPDATE books
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SET Title = "The Hobbit"
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WHERE BookID = 7;
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Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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Speicherort: <pre><code>/var/lib/mysql</code></pre>
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Konfiguration <pre><code>/etc/mysql/my.cnf</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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Andere Datenbanken:
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<p><ul>
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<li class="fragment ">PostgreSql</li>
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<li class="fragment ">SQLite</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Redis</li>
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<li class="fragment ">MongoDB</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#b5533c" data-background-transition="convex"> <h3>Apache Webserver</h3></section>
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<section>
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<ul>
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<li>Apache ist der meistgenutzte (?) Webserver</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Apache beantwortet http Requests. </li>
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<li class="fragment ">Punkt.</li>
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<li class="fragment ">kennt Module -> Funtionserweiterung</li>
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<li class="fragment ">interpretiert versch. Script-Sprachen über Module</li>
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<li class="fragment "><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server#Module">Liste der Module</a></li>
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<li class="fragment ">php, ruby, perl, lua, JavaScript, .net .....</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<ul>
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<li>aktuelle Version 2.3 ( deswegen apache2 )</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Standard Speicherort f. Webseiten: /var/www/html</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Aufruf per Browser : <br>http://localhost/ <br>http://SERVER-IP_ODER_NAME/</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Standardmässig wird <code>index.html</code> ausgeliefert</li>
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<li class="fragment ">wenn nicht vorhanden Liste des Verz. Inhalt</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Steuerung über <br><code>systemctl start | stop | restart | reload | force-reload apache2</code> </li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>Konfiguration</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment "><code>/etc/apache2/apache2.conf</code></li>
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<li class="fragment ">Zusätzliche conf Files: <br><code>/etc/apache2/conf-available/</code></li>
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<li class="fragment ">Einzelne Webseiten ( vhosts ) <br><code>/etc/apache2/sites-available/</code></li>
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<li class="fragment ">per Verzeichnis: <code>.htaccess</code></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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De-/ Aktivieren einer Zusätzlichen Konfigurationsdatei <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo a2enconf NAME_DER_DATEI.conf
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~$ sudo a2disconf NAME_DER_DATEI.conf </code></pre>
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De-/ Aktivieren einer Zusätzlichen Webseite <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo a2ensite MEINE_WEBSEITE.conf
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~$ sudo a2dissite MEINE_WEBSEITE.conf </code></pre>
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<small>Diese beiden Befehle machen Symlinks in die Ordner <br><code>/etc/apache/[ conf | site ]-enabled</code></small>
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<hr>
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<p>Nach Änderungen in diesen Dateien: <pre><code class="bash">~$ sudo systemctl reload apache2</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>Virtual Hosts</h4>
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<div>Es ist möglich, von einem Server verschiedene Domains auszuliefern mit sog. Virtual Hosts.</div>
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<p>Beispiel:: <a href="beispiele/15/schubertdaniel.conf">beispiele/15/schubertdaniel.conf</a>
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</section>
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<section>
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<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> <p>Erstellt eine Webseite namens omikron, die per <p><code>http://localhost/omikron</code> <br>aus dem Ordner <p><code>/var/www/html/omikron</code> <br>ausgeliefert wird.
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</section>
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<section><span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> <p>Verlegt die Wordpress Installation nach <code>/home/NUTZERNAME/www/wordpress</code></section>
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<!--
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<section>
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Übungen
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C 11.11 [3] Besorgen Sie sich eine geeignete Datei (etwa ein größeres tar -Ar-
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chiv mit Quellcode, vielleicht für den Linux-Kernel) und komprimieren Sie
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sie jeweils mit gzip , bzip2 und xz . Messen Sie dabei die Ausführungszeit
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durch ein vorgesetztes time . Wie verhalten die Laufzeiten und die Kompri-
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mierungsraten sich zueinander?
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C 11.12 [2] Experimentieren Sie mit der Datei aus der vorigen Aufgabe und
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vergleichen Sie die Laufzeit und die Größe des Resultats für xz mit verschie-
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denen Effizienz-Optionen. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen -1 und -6 und
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zwischen -6 und -9 ?
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</section>
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-->
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</div>
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</div>
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<script src="lib/js/head.min.js"></script>
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<script src="js/reveal.js"></script>
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<script>
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// More info https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#configuration
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Reveal.initialize({
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controls: true,
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progress: true,
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history: true,
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center: true,
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transition: 'slide', // none/fade/slide/convex/concave/zoom
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// More info https://github.com/hakimel/reveal.js#dependencies
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|
dependencies: [
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|
{ src: 'lib/js/classList.js', condition: function() { return !document.body.classList; } },
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|
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/marked.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
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|
{ src: 'plugin/markdown/markdown.js', condition: function() { return !!document.querySelector( '[data-markdown]' ); } },
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{ src: 'plugin/highlight/highlight.js', async: true, callback: function() { hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad(); } },
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{ src: 'plugin/search/search.js', async: true },
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{ src: 'plugin/zoom-js/zoom.js', async: true },
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{ src: 'plugin/notes/notes.js', async: true }
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]
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});
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|
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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