5 WIP
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5.html
246
5.html
@ -61,7 +61,6 @@
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<p>http://programmingexamples.wikidot.com/bash-scripting#toc24
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<p>https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/Shell/Bash-Skripting-Guide_für_Anfänger/#Quoting
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<div>
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- script kontrolle ( strg-z etc )
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@ -84,7 +83,9 @@ X=20 #variablen sind Case Sensitive
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$y= #NULL variable
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echo "x = $x"
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echo "X = $X"
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echo "y = $y"</code></pre>
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echo "y = $y"
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unset x #variable löschen
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echo $x</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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@ -105,58 +106,225 @@ echo $(( 2#101011 )) # Base conversion, not a comment.
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>Quotes</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">Double Quotes: " " -Anything enclose in double quotes removed meaning of that characters (except \ and $).</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Single quotes: ' ' - Enclosed in single quotes remains unchanged.</li>
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<li class="fragment ">Back quote: ` ` - To execute command</li>
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<h3>Quoting</h3>
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<ul style="font-size: .8em ">
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<li class="fragment "><code>" "</code> (Anführungszeichen) Alles zwischen diesen Zeichen ist buchstabengetreu zu interpretieren. Ausnahmen :<code> $ ` " \ </code></li>
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<li class="fragment "><code>' ' </code>(Ticks) Alles zwischen diesen Zeichen wird wörtlich genommen, mit Ausnahme eines weiteren <code>'</code>.</li>
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<li class="fragment "><code>\</code> (Backslash) Das Zeichen nach einem <code>\</code> wird wörtlich genommen. Anwendung z. B. innerhalb von " ", um ", $ und ` zu entwerten.</li>
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<li class="fragment "><code>` `</code> (Backticks) Alles innerhalb wird als Kommando interpretiert.</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code>$ echo 'Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen'
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Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen
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$ echo "Ist dies ein \"Sonderfall\"?"
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Ist dies ein "Sonderfall"?
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$ echo "Sie haben `ls | wc -l` Dateien in `pwd`"
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Sie haben 43 Dateien in /home/dany
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$ echo "Der Wert von \$x ist $x"
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Der Wert von $x ist 100
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# Maskierung der Leerstelle mit \
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message="hallo Welt"
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message=hello\ Welt
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section><pre><code>echo 'So sprach'"'"'s und ging ohne einen Backslash (\) weiter.'
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└────┬────┘└┬┘└─────────────────────┬─────────────────────┘
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│ │ │
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│ │ └ Dritter Bereich: Wieder
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│ │ von ' umschlossen, der
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│ │ Backlash verliert
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│ │ seine Sonderbedeutung.
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│ │
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│ └ Zweiter Bereich: Von " umschlossen, enthält ein
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│ einzelnes '.
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│
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└ Erster Bereich: Von ' umschlossen.</code></pre></section>
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<section>
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<h3>Input - Output redirection</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment "> > : output in Datei. Best. Datei wird überschrieben!</li>
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<li class="fragment "> >> : output an Datei anhängen.</li>
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<li class="fragment "> < : Kommando Input aus Datei lesen</li>
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</ul>
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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echo "ls > file_list"
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# > : output in Datei. Best. Datei wird überschrieben!
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ls > file_list
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echo "ls -la >> file_list"
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# >> : output an Datei anhängen.
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ls -la >> file_list
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echo "cat < file_list"
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# < : Kommando Input aus Datei lesen
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cat < file_list</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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- arithmetik
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Man kann Kommandos auch verkettten:
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<table style="font-size: .5em">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td >Kommando1; Kommando2
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</td>
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<td >fühert die Kommandos hintereinander aus
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td >Kommando1 && Kommando2
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</td>
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<td >führt Kommando2 aus, wenn kommando1 erfolgreich war
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td >Kommando1 || Kommando2
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</td>
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<td >führt Kommando2 aus, wenn kommando1 NICHT erfolgreich war
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td >Kommado &
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</td>
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<td >Führt Kommando im Hintergrund aus
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td >Kommando1 & Kommando2
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</td>
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<td >startet Kommando1 im Hintergrund, Kommando2 im Vordergrund
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td >( Kommando1; Kommando2 )
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</td>
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<td >Führt die beiden K. nacheinander in einer Subshell aus
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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let "m = 4 * 1024";echo $m
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<pre class="fragment"><code>sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y
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let "m += 15"
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let "m -= 3"
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let "m /= 5"
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let "m %= 10"
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let "m++"
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let "m--"
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tar cf archiv.tar && rm *.doc || echo "fehler"</code></pre>
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</section>
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let "k = (m < 9) ? 0 : 1"
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condition ? value-if-true : value-if-false
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<section>
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<span style="color: orange">Aufgabe:</span> Erstellt ein script, das den Inhalt eures home in eine Variable <code>liste</code> schreibt, und gebt den Inhalt dieser Variablen in eine Textdatei <code>liste.txt</code> aus.<br />
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Hinweis: ls , tee
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<pre class="fragment"><code>#!/bin/bash
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OUTFILE="liste.txt"
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Floating Poin:
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echo "32.0 + 1.4" | bc
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liste=`ls | tee $OUTFILE `
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echo `expr $m + 18`
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m=`expr $m + 18`
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echo $liste
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(( m *= 4 ))
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cat $OUTFILE
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>exit status</h3>
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<pre><code>exit 0</code></pre>
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heisst : alles gut gelaufen
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<pre><code>exit 1</code></pre>
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heisst : kommando fehlgeschlagen
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<p> der exit code in scripten kann beliebig gesetzt werden
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<p>Standard: exit 0 -> alles fein
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</section>
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<section>
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<h3>Funktionen</h3>
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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#Funktions Deklaration:
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count () {
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ls | wc -l
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# ls: Liste aller Objekte im Verzeichnis
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# wc: Word-Count; mit Attribut -l werden Zeilen gezählt
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# in Verbindung mit ls werden also die (nicht versteckten) Objekte gezählt
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}
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count # Aufruf der Funktion
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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count2 () {
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# überprüfen, ob der erste Parameter ein Verzeichnis ist
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if [ -d "$1" ]; then
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ls $1 | wc -l
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exit 0 # alles OK
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else
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echo "Ungültiges Verzeichnis: $1"
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exit 1 # Fehler
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fi
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}
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count2 "/gibt/es/garnicht" # Aufrufe der Funktion count2
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echo "Status: $?"
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count2 "/etc"
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echo "Status: $?"</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<div class="fragment"><pre><code>#!/bin/bash
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tar -czf myhome_directory.tar.gz /home/$USER
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mkdir archiv
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mv myhome_directory.tar.gz archiv/
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</code></pre>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section>
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<pre><code>
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Integer Berechnungen
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let "m = 4 * 1024";echo $m
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let "m += 15"
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let "m -= 3"
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let "m /= 5"
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let "m %= 10"
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let "m++"
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let "m--"
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</code></pre>
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let "k = (m < 9) ? 0 : 1"
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condition ? value-if-true : value-if-false
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<pre><code>
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Floating Poin:
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echo "32.0 + 1.4" | bc
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echo `expr $m + 18`
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m=`expr $m + 18`
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(( m *= 4 ))
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="zoom">
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@ -164,17 +332,7 @@ cat < file_list</code></pre>
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<section>
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<h3>Die 5 Level eines Vim Magiers</h3>
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<ul>
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<li>Level 0: nichts über vim wissen
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<li>Level 1: vim basics kennen
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<li>Level 2: den visual mode kennen
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<li>Level 3: diverse „motions“ kennen
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<li>Level 4: den visual mode nicht brauchen
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</ul>
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<p>https://danielmiessler.com/study/vim/
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</section>
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</div>
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</div>
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0
beispiele/4/mysystem.sh
Executable file → Normal file
0
beispiele/4/mysystem.sh
Executable file → Normal file
4
beispiele/5/01-vars.sh
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4
beispiele/5/01-vars.sh
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@ -6,3 +6,7 @@ $y= #NULL variable
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echo "x = $x"
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echo "X = $X"
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echo "y = $y"
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unset x
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echo "x = $x"
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0
beispiele/5/02-comments.sh
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0
beispiele/5/02-comments.sh
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8
beispiele/5/03-quoting.sh
Executable file
8
beispiele/5/03-quoting.sh
Executable file
@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
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#!/bin/sh
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echo 'Ticks "schützen" Anführungszeichen'
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echo "Ist dies ein \"Sonderfall\"?"
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echo "Sie haben `ls | wc -l` Dateien in `pwd`"
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echo "Der Wert von \$x ist $x"
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16
beispiele/5/04-function-exitcode.sh
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beispiele/5/04-function-exitcode.sh
Normal file
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#!/bin/bash
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count2 () {
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if [ -d "$1" ]; then # überprüfen, ob der erste Parameter ein Verzeichnis ist
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ls $1 | wc -l # wie oben
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exit 0 # alles OK
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else
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echo "Ungültiges Verzeichnis: $1"
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exit 1 # Fehler
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fi
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}
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count2 "/gibt/es/garnicht" # Aufrufe der Funktion count2
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echo "Status: $?"
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count2 "/etc"
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echo "Status: $?"
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13
beispiele/5/04-function.sh
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beispiele/5/04-function.sh
Executable file
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#!/bin/sh
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fatal() {
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msg=$1
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echo "Fatal: $msg"
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exit 1
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}
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[ -d /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp existiert nicht"
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[ -w /tmp ] || fatal "Verzeichnis /tmp nicht schreibbar"
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TMP=/tmp/mydir
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[ -d $TMP ] || mkdir $TMP # tmp-Verz. erzeugen, wenn noch nicht vorhanden
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0
beispiele/5/recursive-func.sh → beispiele/5/05-recursive-func.sh
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0
beispiele/5/recursive-func.sh → beispiele/5/05-recursive-func.sh
Normal file → Executable file
9
beispiele/5/06-dialog.sh
Executable file
9
beispiele/5/06-dialog.sh
Executable file
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#!/bin/bash
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# Set PS3 prompt
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PS3="Enter the space shuttle to get more information : "
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# set shuttle list
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select shuttle in columbia endeavour challenger discovery atlantis enterprise pathfinder
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do
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echo "$shuttle selected"
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done
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48
beispiele/5/07-select-menu.sh
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beispiele/5/07-select-menu.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# Set PS3 prompt
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PS3="Enter the space shuttle to get more information : "
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# set shuttle list
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select shuttle in columbia endeavour challenger discovery atlantis enterprise pathfinder
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do
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case $shuttle in
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columbia)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Space Shuttle Columbia was the first spaceworthy space shuttle in NASA's orbital fleet."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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endeavour)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Space Shuttle Endeavour is one of three currently operational orbiters in the Space Shuttle."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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challenger)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Space Shuttle Challenger was NASA's second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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discovery)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Discovery became the third operational orbiter, and is now the oldest one in service."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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atlantis)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Atlantis was the fourth operational shuttle built."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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enterprise)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Space Shuttle Enterprise was the first Space Shuttle orbiter."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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pathfinder)
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echo "--------------"
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echo "Space Shuttle Orbiter Pathfinder is a Space Shuttle simulator made of steel and wood."
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echo "--------------"
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;;
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*)
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echo "Error: Please try again (select 1..7)!"
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;;
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esac
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done
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0
beispiele/5/while-menu.sh → beispiele/5/08-while-menu.sh
Normal file → Executable file
0
beispiele/5/while-menu.sh → beispiele/5/08-while-menu.sh
Normal file → Executable file
36
beispiele/5/09-backup.sh
Normal file
36
beispiele/5/09-backup.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# Get date in dd-mm-yyyy format
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NOW="$(date +"%d-%m-%Y")"
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function file_backup {
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wpbackupfile="wordpress-backup-$NOW.tar.gz"
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oxidbackupfile="oxid-back-$NOW.tar.gz"
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echo 'WP Files Backup --- building tar File...'
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tar -czf $wpbackupfile ~/www/rvv/wp*
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echo '+DONE'
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echo 'oxid Files Backup --- building tar File...'
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tar -czf $oxidbackupfile ~/www/rvv/shop
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echo '+DONE'
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}
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function oxid_db_backup {
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host=localhost
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user=rvv
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pass=xxxxxxxxx
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db=webshop
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echo 'oxid DB Export ------> '
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mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -h$host -u$user -p$pass $db | gzip > oxid-db-$NOW.sql.gz
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}
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backupdir=~/backup
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cd ~ ; mkdir $backupdir ; cd $backupdir
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oxid_db_backup
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file_backup
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# delete old backups
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find /home/dany/backups -mtime +10 -type f -delete
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6
beispiele/5/aufgabe1.sh
Executable file
6
beispiele/5/aufgabe1.sh
Executable file
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#!/bin/bash
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OUTFILE="liste.txt"
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liste=`ls | tee $OUTFILE `
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echo $liste
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cat $OUTFILE
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