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7.html
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="lightblue" data-background-transition="zoom">
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="lightblue" data-background-transition="zoom">
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<h2>Einstieg in die Systemverwaltung</h2>
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<h2 style="text-shadow: 5px 4px 15px black;">Einstieg in die Systemverwaltung</h2>
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</section>
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@ -153,24 +153,124 @@ drwxr-xr-x 6 dany dany 4096 Nov 15 15:38 bin/
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<section>
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<section>
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<h4>Spezialrechte</h4>
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<h4>Spezialrechte</h4>
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<div class="fragment">
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<h5>Das das s-Bit (auch Setuid/Setgid-Bit genannt)</h5>
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<pre><code>~$ ls -l /usr/bin/passwd
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-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 54224 Aug 21 2017 /usr/bin/passwd*
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</code></pre>
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</dir>
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<div class="fragment">
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<h5> das t-Bit (auch Sticky-Bit genannt )</h5>
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<pre><code>~$ ls -ld /tmp/
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drwxrwxrwt 18 root root 114688 Jan 16 20:29 /tmp//</code></pre>
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</dir>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section>
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<h4>Rechte ändern</h4>
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<h4>Rechte ändern</h4>
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chmod
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<p><code>chmod</code> - ändert Zugriffsrechte
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chown
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<p><code>chown</code> - ändert Datei / Verz. Besitzer
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chgrp
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<p><code>chgrp</code> - ändert die Ben. Gruppe
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<p><code>umask</code> - zeigt und setzt default Rechte
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>chmod</h4>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod +x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod a+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod u+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod ug+x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod -x verzeichnis</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod -r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod ugo-r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod a-r mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>oktale Rechte-Notation</h4>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod +x mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod 755 mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<table class="fragment"><tbody><tr><td> Recht </td><td> Wert </td><td> </td><td> Recht </td><td> Wert </td></tr><tr><td> Lesen </td><td> 4 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Set-UID </td><td> 4 </td></tr><tr><td> Schreiben </td><td> 2 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Set-GID </td><td> 2 </td></tr><tr><td> Ausführen </td><td> 1 </td><td style="border: none"> </td><td> Sticky </td><td> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chmod 4755 skript.sh</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>chown</h4>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe users mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chown mhoe. mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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<pre class="fragment"><code>chown root mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<div class="fragment">
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<h4>chgrp</h4>
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<pre><code>chgrp users mein-script.sh</code></pre>
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</div>
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<div class="fragment">
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<h4>umask</h4>
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<pre><code>umask -S</code></pre>
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<p style="font-size: .6em">Gibt an welche Rechte von den Standard-Rechten abgezogen werden.<br> 0666 für Dateien, 0777 für Verz.</p>
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<p style="font-size: .6em">0666 - 0022 = 0644</p>
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</div>
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<aside class=notes>
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nautilus öffnen - rechte ansehen
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</aside>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section data-transition="slide" data-background="#4d7e65" data-background-transition="convex">
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<h2>Part 1 - sudo </h2>
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<h2>Part 1 - Benutzerverwaltung </h2>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<p>Es gibt 3 Arten von Benutzern:</p>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment">normale Benuzter</li>
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<li class="fragment">root</li>
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<li class="fragment">System-Benutzer</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="fragment">Systembenutzer dienen als Besitzer von Diensten; anmelden als solche nicht möglich.<br> zB meist <code>www-data</code> für apache</div>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h4>Befehle zur Nutzerverwaltung</h4>
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<table style="font-size: .7em">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>adduser</td>
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<td>fügt einen neuen Nutzer hinzu</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>adduser --system</td>
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<td>fügt einen neuen System-Nutzer hinzu</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>addgroup</td>
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<td>fügt eine neue System-Grupppe hinzu</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>deluser</td>
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<td>löscht ein Nutzerkonto - NICHT sein home-Verz.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>usermod</td>
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<td>ändert ein Nutzerkonto ( zb Gruppen, home-Verz., ... )</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</section>
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<!-- -->
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<section>
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<h4>Wichtige Dateien</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment">/etc/passwd</li>
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<li class="fragment">/etc/group</li>
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<li class="fragment">/etc/adduser.conf</li>
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<li class="fragment">/etc/skel/*</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section>
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</section>
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</section>
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@ -179,11 +279,7 @@ drwxr-xr-x 6 dany dany 4096 Nov 15 15:38 bin/
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<h2>Part 2 - Benutzerverwaltung</h2>
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<h2>Part 2 - Benutzerverwaltung</h2>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section>
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<h4>Befehle zur Benutzerverwaltung</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment ">this</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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10
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Aufgabe: Erstellt script mit mind einer Funktion das:
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- ein Backup eines Verzeichnisses erstellt
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- per Parameter den namen des Quell-Verzeichnis erhält
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- per Parameter den Namen der Zieldatei erhält-
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- einen nützlichen exit code setzt
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- vielleicht nützliche Meldungen ausgibt
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- prüft
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- ob das backup verz existiert
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- ob die backupdatei schon existiert
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beispiele/4/mysystem.sh
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beispiele/4/mysystem.sh
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beispiele/5/10-whiptail.sh
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beispiele/5/10-whiptail.sh
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